아산시 지역에서 과민성 장 증후군의 유병률: 표본인구 설문조사

조영석 ( Young Seok Cho ),최명규 ( Myung Gyu Choi ),신석준 ( Seok Jun Shin ),추교영 ( Kyo Young Choo ),정우철 ( Woo Chul Chung ),이인석 ( In Seok Lee ),김상우 ( Sang Woo Kim ),최황 ( Hwang Choi ),한석원 ( Sok Won Han ),정인식 ( I 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2004 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.10 No.1

목적: 우리나라의 과민성 장 증후군과 배변증상의 유병률을 조사하고, 다른 진단 기준을 적용하였을 때 유병률에 차이가 있는 지를 알아보기 위하여 지역사회 주민을 대상으로 무작위 표본추출조사를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 충청남도 아산시 보건소와 협조하여 11개 면과 2개동을 무작위로 선정한 후, 인구에 비례하여 18세 이상 70세 미만의 남녀 2,024명을 무작위로 표본추출하였다. 조사원이 대상가구를 직접 방문하여 배변증상을 설문지로 조사하였다. 결과: 3회 방문에 부재 중이거나 제외기준에 속한 주민을 제외하고, 1,417명(남 762명, 평균 44±14세, 여 655명, 평균 43±15세) 이 설문지를 완료하였다. 로마기준 II에 의한 과민성 장 증후군의 유병률은 2.2% (95% 신뢰구간 [95% CI], 1.4~3.0)이었고, 로마기준 I으로는 2.8% ([95% CI], 1.9~3.7)였다. 복통과 Manning 기준 중 2가지 이상을 만족하는 과민성 장 증후군의 유병률은 3.6% ([95% CI], 2.6~4.6)였다. Manning 기준과 로마기준 I, 그리고 Manning 기준과 로마기준 II간에는 각각 moderate agreement를 나타내었다(κ=0.48; p<0.001), (κ=0.50; p<0.001). 로마기준 I과 로마기준 II간에는 substantial agreement를 나타내어(κ=0.66; p<0.001) 세 가지 진단기준 중 로마기준 I과 로마기준 II의 경우에 일치의 정도가 가장 높았다. 결론: 로마기준 II를 적용하여 표본추출 설문조사에 의한 우리나라의 과민성 장 증후군의 유병률은 2.2%이며, 적용된 진단기준에 따라 차이가 있었다. Backgr ound/Aims: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is common in Caucasians and Japanese, but its epidemiology has not been studied in random Korean populations. It has been suggested that the variation in the prevalence of IBS may be due to the application of different diagnostic criteria. New criteria for IBS have been proposed (Rome II). The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of IBS in a random population in Asan city, Korea by using the Bowel Symptom Questionnaire (BSQ), which was based on the multinational, diagnostic, Rome II criteria for functional bowel disorders, as a measure of GI symptoms and to compare diagnostic criteria. Methods: A cross-sectional survey, using a reliable and valid questionnaire based on the fulfillment of the Rome II criteria was performed in a random population in Asan city, Korea, on residents aged 18~69 yr. The response rate was 78.4% (n=1417). All respondents were interviewed at either their homes or offices by a team of interviewers. Results: The prevalence for BS according to the Rome II, Rome I, and Manning criteria was 2.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4~3.0), 2.8% (95% CI, 1.9~3.7), and 3.6% (95% CI, 2.6~4.6), respectively. There was moderate agreement between the Manning and Rome II criteria (κ=0.48; p<0.001), and between the Manning and Rome II criteria (κ=0.50; p<0.001), but substantial agreement between the Rome I and Rome II criteria (κ=0.66; p<0.001). The prevalence for abdominal bloating was 4.0% (95% CI, 3.0~5.1), for diarrhea was 0.8% (95% CI, 0.3~1.2), and for constipation was 2.6% (95% CI, 1.8~3.5). Conclusions: The prevalence of IBS based on the Rome II criteria was 2.2%. The prevalence of IBS varied substantially depending on the specific definition of IBS used. (Kor J Neur ogastr oenterol Motil 2004;1:49-56)

Radiosynthesis and <i>in vitro</i> evaluation of 1‐(tetrahydro‐5‐hydroxy‐6‐(hydroxymethyl)‐2H‐pyran‐3‐yl)‐5‐[¹²⁵I]iodouracil: A new potential agent for HSV1‐tk

Jo, Nam Hyun,Kim, Jung Young,El‐,Gamal, Mohammed I.,Choi, Won‐,Kyoung,Park, Jin‐,Hun,Kim, Eun Jung,Cho, Jung‐,Hyuck,Ha, Hyun‐,Joon,Choi, Tae Hyun,Oh, Chang‐,Hyun John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2011 Journal of labelled compounds & radiopharmaceutica Vol.54 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Synthesis, radiolabelling, and <I>in vitro</I> evaluation of a new <SUP>125</SUP>I‐labelled iodouracil hexitol nucleoside analogue are reported. The target compound was successfully synthesized by an iodination–destannylation method and then purified by reverse phase HPLC. The radiochemical purity of the product was >99% with decay‐corrected yields of 48±3%. <I>In vitro</I> cellular uptake testing was carried out using MCA and MCA‐tk cell lines for comparison of compound 1 with [<SUP>18</SUP>F]FHBG. The newly synthesized compound 1 showed higher accumulation in herpex simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (HSV1‐tk) gene expression cell line (MCA‐tk cell line) than in the wild type MCA cell line compared with [<SUP>18</SUP>F]FHBG. The MCA‐tk to MCA cellular uptake ratio for compound 1 was higher than that of [<SUP>18</SUP>F]FHBG from 2 h after incubation. The radioiodine‐labelled compound 1 (I‐125, <I>t</I><SUB>1/2</SUB>=59.37 days) has a longer physical half‐life than F‐18‐(<I>t</I><SUB>1/2</SUB>=110 min) labelled FHBG. Radioiodine‐labelled compound 1 could be used for monitoring gene expression for a long time. The selectivity for MCA‐tk cell line makes compound 1 a promising imaging agent for HSV1‐tk expression. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>

Original Article : Efficacy and Safety of Tenofovir-Based Rescue Therapy for Chronic Hepatitis B Patients with Previous Nucleo(s/t)ide Treatment Failure

( Cho I Lee ),( So Young Kwon ),( Jeong Han Kim ),( Won Hyeok Choe ),( Chang Hong Lee ),( Eileen L Yoon ),( Jong Eun Yeon ),( Kwan Soo Byun ),( Yun Soo Kim ),( Ju Hyun Kim ) The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver 2014 Gut and Liver Vol.8 No.1

Background/Aims: We investigated the efficacy and safety of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)-based treatment in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients who failed previous antiviral therapies. Methods: Seventeen patients who failed to achieve virological responses during sequential antiviral treatments were included. The patients were treated with TDF monotherapy (four patients) or a combination of TDF and lamivudine (13 patients) for a median of 42 months. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) were measured, and renal function was also monitored. Results: Prior to TDF therapy, 180 M, 204 I/V/S, 181 T/V, 236 T, and 184 L mutations were detected. After TDF therapy, the median HBV DNA level decreased from 4.6 log10 IU/mL to 2.0 log10 IU/mL and to 1.6 log10 IU/mL at 12 and 24 months, respectively. HBV DNA became undetectable (≤20 IU/mL) in 14.3%, 41.7%, and 100% of patients after 12, 24, and 48 months of treatment, respectively. HBeAg loss was observed in two patients. Viral breakthrough occurred in five patients who had skipped their medication. No significant changes in renal function were observed. Conclusions: TDF-based rescue treatment is effective in reducing HBV DNA levels and is safe for patients with CHB who failed prior antiviral treatments. Patients` adherence to medication is related to viral rebound. (Gut Liver 2014,8:64-69)

8bit Microcontroller에 내장되는 5V 단일전원 8K Byte CMOS Flash EEPROM 설계

조경록,유영갑,김성식,김일기,이은균,홍상표 대한전자공학회 1996 CAD 및 VLSI 설계연구회지 Vol.5 No.1

In this paper, a 8K × 8 Flash EEPROM embedded in 8bit microcontroller is presented. The Flash EEPROM used a 5 voltage source and was implemented using a 0.8um CMOS process with 2-poly technologys which employs a NOR type structure and stacked type cells. Flash EEPROM cell, charge pump circuit, and sense amp circuit are newly designed. The Flash EEPROM was implemented using full custom design technology, and verified using netlist verification and design rule check(DRC). The 8bit microcontroller has a 4 × 4 ㎟ layout size and 40 pin pads. The layout size of 8K Byte Flash EEPROM is 2.280 × 1.320 ㎟.

규폐 결핵 부검 1례

정원일,김영제,윤임중,조규상 대한병리학회 1971 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.5 No.1

Molecular Identification of the Vaccine Strain from the Inactivated Rabies Vaccine

Yang, Dong-Kun,Oh, Yoon-I,Cho, Soo-Dong,Kang, Hee-Kyung,Lee, Kyung-Woo,Kim, Yeon-Hee,Song, Jae-Young The Korean Society for Microbiology 2011 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.41 No.1

Since 1994, several different inactivated rabies vaccines have been used to immunize domestic animals such as dogs, cats, and cattle in South Korea. The Korean Veterinary Authority has conducted safety and efficacy testes of inactivated vaccines using laboratory animals. In this study, we applied a molecular method to investigate the genetic characterization of the rabies virus (RABV) genes in six commercial inactivated rabies vaccines, and determined the efficiency of two extraction reagents (i.e., sodium citrate or isopropyl myristate) to separate the vaccine antigens from the antigen/adjuvant complexes. Six partial nucleocapsid (N: 181 bp) and five partial glycoprotein (G: 306 bp) genes were successfully amplified with specific primer sets, which demonstrated that sodium citrate is more efficient in than isopropyl myristate in extracting viral RNA from inactivated gel vaccines. In addition, we identified the viral strain of the vaccine by analyzing the nucleotide sequences of the N and the G genes. The nucleotide similarity of the partial N and G genes ranged from 97.1 to 99.4% and from 91.8 to 100% among rabies vaccine strains, respectively, indicating that each manufacturer used different rabies virus strains to produce their vaccines. The molecular method used in this study could also be used to identify viral strains in other inactivated vaccines.

Functional restoration of replicative senescent mesenchymal stem cells by the brown alga <i>Undaria pinnatifida</i>

Jeong, Sin-Gu,Oh, Youn Seo,Joe, I-Seul,Jeong, So Young,Cho, Hyo Moon,Lee, Jun Sik,Oh, Won Keun,Cho, Tae Oh,Cho, Goang-Won ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF KOREA 2017 ANIMAL CELLS AND SYSTEMS Vol.21 No.2

<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>The brown alga <I>Undaria pinnatifida</I>, which is called Mi-Yoek in Korea, has been traditionally consumed as a health food in East Asian countries. Recent studies have reported that <I>U. pinnatifida</I> has beneficial effects on arteriosclerosis, inflammation, fat metabolism, and tumors<I>.</I> In this study, we examined the anti-senescence effects of ethanol extracts of <I>U. pinnatifida</I> (UP-Ex) in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs). UP-Ex protected hBM-MSCs against oxidative injury, as determined by MTT assays. This effect was confirmed by immunoblot analysis of the oxidation-sensitive protein p53 and the apoptotic protein cleaved caspase-3. Excessive intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation induced by oxidative stress was moderated in UP-Ex-treated hBM-MSCs (UP-Ex-MSCs). Similarly, expression of the ROS-scavenging enzymes superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), SOD2, and catalase was recovered in UP-Ex-MSCs. Excessive ROS induced by long-term cell expansion (passage 17) was significantly decreased along with restoration of the senescence proteins p53, p21, and p16 in UP-Ex-MSCs. UP-Ex treatment also improved the ability of these replicative, senescent hBM-MSCs (passage 17) to differentiate into osteocytes or adipocytes, suggesting that UP-Ex ameliorates the functional decline of senescent stem cells and may provide better therapeutic efficacy in stem cell therapy.</P><P><B>Abbreviations:</B> hBM-MSCs: human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; DCF: 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein; DCFH-DA: 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate; MTT: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-)2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; PFA: paraformaldehyde; RIPA: radioimmunoprecipitation assay; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SOD1: superoxide dismutase 1; SOD2: superoxide dismutase 2.</P>

Direct Assessment of Wall Shear Stress by Signal Intensity Gradient from Time-of-Flight Magnetic Resonance Angiography

Han, Kap-Soo,Lee, Sang Hyuk,Ryu, Han Uk,Park, Se-Hyoung,Chung, Gyung-Ho,Cho, Young I.,Jeong, Seul-Ki Hindawi 2017 BioMed research international Vol.2017 No.-

<P>The aim of the study was to calculate the arterial wall signal intensity gradient (SIG) from time-of-flight MR angiography (TOF-MRA) and represent arterial wall shear stress. We developed a new algorithm that uses signal intensity (SI) of a TOF-MRA to directly calculate the signal intensity gradient (SIG). The results from our phantom study showed that the TOF-MRA SIG could be used to distinguish the magnitude of blood flow rate as high (mean SIG ± SD, 2.2 ± 0.4 SI/mm for 12.5 ± 2.3 L/min) and low (0.9 ± 0.3 SI/mm for 8.5 ± 2.6 L/min) in vessels (<I>p</I> < 0.001). Additionally, we found that the TOF-MRA SIG values were highly correlated with various flow rates (<I>β</I> = 0.96, <I>p</I> < 0.001). Remarkably, the correlation coefficient between the WSS obtained from the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis and the TOF-MRA SIG was greater than 0.8 in each section at the carotid artery (<I>p</I> < 0.001 for all <I>β</I> values). This new technique using TOF-MRA could enable the rapid calculation of the TOF-MRA SIG and thereby the WSS. Thus, the TOF-MRA SIG can provide clinicians with an accurate and efficient screening method for making rapid decisions on the risk of vascular disease for a patient in clinical practice.</P>

A True Cholesteric Columnar Liquid Crystal

Cho, I-Whan,Lim, Young-Soo Korean Chemical Society 1988 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.9 No.2

A pure columnar cholesterogen based on the octasubstituted phthalocyanine $(PcH_2)$, S-(+)-2, 3, 9, 10, 16, 17, 23, 24-octakis[5-(dodecyloxy)-2-oxa-pentyl]-phthalocy anine(1a), is described. To evaluate a cholesteric character of 1a, the corresponding achiral $PcH_2$ 1b and the copper complex of chiral $PcH_2$ 1a (CuPc), S-(+)-2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octakis[4-(dodecyloxy)- 2-oxapentyl]-phthalocyanine(2a) were also prepared. The chiral 1a exhibited a typical cholesteric texture change in which the transition of platelet (blue phase) to fan-shape texture was observed (K-M-I), whereas the corresponding achiral 1b showed only a focal conic texture (K- M-I). This is the first instance of a pure columnar cholesterogen observed with discotic liquid crystal systems.

Analysis of Single Crystal Silicon Solar Cell Doped by Using Atmospheric Pressure Plasma

I Hyun Cho,Myoung Soo Yun,Chan Hee Son,Tae Hoon Jo,Dong Hae Kim,Il Won Seo,Jun Hyoung Roh,Jin Young Lee,Bu Il Jeon,Eun Ha Choi,Guang Sup Cho,Gi Chung Kwon 한국진공학회 2012 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.2012 No.8