Overexpression of Zoysia ZjCIGR1 gene confers cold stress resistance to zoysiagrass

Yang‑Ji Kim,Dae‑Hwa Yang,Mi‑Young Park,Hyeon‑Jin Sun,Pill‑Soon Song,Hong‑Gyu Kang,Seok‑Cheol Suh,Yong‑Eok Lee,이효연 한국식물생명공학회 2020 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.14 No.1

Zoysia japonica Steud. is a warm-season lawn grass popular in Korea and elsewhere. They are cultivated in many places such as river banks, roadside, and play grounds. However, there still is a disadvantage of frequent mowing, and the grass grows poorly under the chilly conditions. To develop a grass variety that circumvents these drawbacks, we cloned the chitininducible gibberellins-responsive1 gene (CIGR1) from zoysiagrass. The full length of the ZjCIGR1 (Zj; Zoysia japonica Steud.) gene was obtained by 5′/3′ RACE PCR and the phylogenetic tree showed that it belonged to the CIGR1-subgroup in the PAT1-group of GRAS protein family. Expression of the ZjCIGR1 in wild-type plants was confirmed in roots, meristems, leaves, and flowers, especially high in the flowers. The transgenic zoysiagrass was confirmed by PCR using gene-specific primers, phosphinothricin-acetyl-transferase (PAT) strip test, and Southern blot analysis. ZjCIGR1-overexpressing plants acquired tolerance to cold stress displaying morphological phenotypes characteristic of stress resistance. In addition, in the transformants, expression of the ZjCIGR1 as well as cold-regulated (COR) gene was increased compared to the wild-type plants under cold stress condition. These results suggest that ZjCIGR1 gene is an important candidate for regulating cold stress resistance.

파킨슨씨병 환자의 전두엽 기능 장애에 관한 연구

홍양의,이애영,김재문 대한신경과학회 1998 대한신경과학회지 Vol.16 No.2

쉬리(Coreoleuciscus splendidus: Cyprinidae)의 頭骨에 대한 形態學的 硏究

陽洪準 慶北大學校 師範大學 1982 敎育硏究誌 Vol.24 No.-

The Coreoleuciscus splendidus was described as a new species by Mori in 1935. Afterward the study on this species was done only by Yang on the charcteristics of pharyngeal bones and their teeth(1967) and their scales(1973). The author studied on a Korean endemic species, Coreoleucisus splendidus, as a part of serial works on the skeletons of Korean Cyprinid fishes. The numbers of samples are 30 individuals (Body length; 91-99㎜, Mean; 76㎜) from the Nakdong River Basin. The head bones of Coreoleuciscus splendidus are roughly consist of 29 Cranial bones and 73 Visceral bones. The characteristics on the head bones of this species are as followings; 1. Suprapharyngeal bone and opisthotic bone are absent, nasal bone remained vestigially or almost disappeared. 2. Several bones are fused to one: ethmoid bone and supraethmoid bone, lateral-ethmoid bone and prefrontal bone and pterotic bone and supraethmoid bone as well. 3. Orbital bones are consit of 6 pairs of bones; Two parts of the second suborbital bone are fused to one bone. The fourth suborbital bone is remained only the tubal structure. 4. Branchiostegal bones are 3 pairs of bones and dental formula of the pharyngeal teeth is 5, 2, 0-0, 2, 5.

소련外交政策의 諸變數와 變遷

洪亮杓 慶北大學校 1978 論文集 Vol.25-26 No.-

Foreign policy factors of USSR can be devided into internal and external ones. The author dealt, as the former, ideology, economy, military strength, power structure and governing way, and, as the latter factors, Soviet's international relations with Western Europe, Eastern Europe, the US, Afriea and the Middle east, and Asia. Soviet has experienced three turning elements of policy in its history: Zwar's Tradition, Marxist-Leninist Revolution and Current De-Stalinization. Military expansionism, Imperialism repression of dissidents and external communist satellites, and bureaucracy are all stemmed from Zwar's tradition. However, since Stalin's death, the USSR has heen transforming from ideological radicalism and terrorism to deradicalism, reduction of political terror, and rationalization of party control. As external relations, it has showed peaceful coexistence, SALT and Helshinhsi Conference, and in same time showed military intervention though indirectly. It is really hard to say whether it wishes, as a final goal, true peace and the end of ideology-struggle or communizing the world in future. However, the author can definitly say that the USSR is changing, transforming and going toward 'the end of ideology' and liberalization.

Mulligan 치료법과 고유수용성 신경근 촉진법이 동결견 환자의 치료에 미친 효과

양정애,윤홍일,박현식,신영일,전범수 대한정형도수치료학회 2006 대한정형도수물리치료학회지 Vol.12 No.1

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of Mulligan method and PNF method on the pain and limitation of range of motion in patients with frozen shoulder. The subjects of this study were 20 patients, 10(50%) males and 10(50%) females. They visited clinic for physical treatment within 6 months after onset of shoulder pain and limitation of range of motion with frozen shoulder. One group was applied with Mulligan method and other group was with PNF method . The patient were treated 5 times session weekly for 6 weeks from March 4th, 2002. And each treatment session was 15min. with physiotherapy. The pain was measured by visual analogue scale (VAS) and rage of motion (ROM) of flexion, abduction, external rotation, internal rotation were measured by goniometer. The data was analysed by paired T-test and independent T-test. The results of this study were summarized as follow : 1. The ROM of Mulligan method group increase in after treatment in comparison with ROM in before treatment, it is significant increase. Although the VAS of MMG decrease in before than after treatment, it is significant difference. 2. There is significant difference in before and after treatment of ROM of shoulder flexion, abduction, internal rotation, external rotation between PNF method group. The VAS of PMG is decreasing in before than after treatment, it is significant difference. 3. There is significant difference in before movement and after movement ROM of flexion, abduction, internal rotation, external rotation and VAS between Mulligan method session and PNF method session then the scale which measured by Mulligan method was more increased than that of PNF method. The results showed that both Mulligan method and PNF method were effective in pain reduce and ROM increase, but Mulligan method was superior to PNF method in ROM increase and pain reduce.

人口問題의 生物學的 觀點

楊洪準 慶北大學校 師範大學 1978 敎育硏究誌 Vol.20 No.-

The population education is more interesting problem in the modern society than any other previous ones. The biological problems of the human population are as follows: 1. There are about 4 billions of human-beings in the world and in the South. Korea there are 35 millions. The population growth rate per year of Korea was 2.0% in 1976. 2. The control of population growth is inevitable to keep the balance of ecosystem. 3. The biology textbook must include the biological education of the population problem as the unit of reproduction and ecosystem. 4. In the unit of ecosystem of the biology textbook, the environmental pollution accompanied by development of the modern industry should be introduced to student by teacher. 5. In the unit of reproduction and development, the functional importance of the reproductive organs and sexual morality has to be introduced to student by teacher. 6. In the school education, the sex education should be fulfilled to the student for the future of the youth and 'the establishment of social order. 7. The publication of the textbook for the sex education and the inservice training course of teachers are necessary for the sex education of school.

민족주의 「이데올로기」와 新生國

洪亮杓 慶北大學校 1979 論文集 Vol.28 No.-

Nationalism is the set of more or less uniform demands which people in a society share, which arise from their patriotism, for which justifications exist and can be readily expressed, which include them to make personal sacrifices in behalf of their government's aims, and which may or may not lead to appropriate action. Partriotism is the more or less conscious conviction of a person that his own welfare and that of the significant groups to which he belongs are dependant upon the preservation or expansion (or both) of the power and culture of his society. Nationalistic ideology has the three functions: statism, institutional and cultural identity. It has been developed for almost 3 centuries: from 17 century of establishing of national state and church, thru 18 century of bourgeois revolution, to present mass society. However non-Western society has developed it almost after World War Ⅱ, and then it has troubled by the lack of the elements for developing nationalism such as no economic middle class or stability, no leading forces to push it, no cultural homogeneity and sound democratic foundations, and etc, and also Marxist infiltration adds the troubles to it. We need give our best efforts to following problems in order to develope desirable nationalism for International Peace with each nation's cultural progress: good harmony between generic and specific factors in nationalism, nationalistic role for pressing to development, xenophobia of ex-colonies towards the Western, developing international organizations such as U.N., scientific and technological development, and development in democracy and reason. Particularly, reason, science and democracy are closely related one another, and cannot be developed alone.

퍼지제어 교육용 시뮬레이터의 개발

양승학,김홍렬 湖南大學校 1997 호남대학교 학술논문집 Vol.18 No.2

This paper describes a design of fuzzy logic controller for an education of fuzzy controller with example of steering control of the navigation vehicle. The steering ofvehicle is controlled to pursuit a regerence line. Number of vehicle states related with a reference line is 9 cases. Each cases has a control rule to achieve the aim. Using fuzzy inference engine, fuzzy inference value is obtained, This value cannot be used as a control input directly. Center of gravity(COG) method is used to defuzzification the fuzzy value. Universe of discourse is scaled to [-1. 1] to regulate the real sensing value. Scaling factor Sδ, Sθ, Sφ are used. With varying the factors, the system response is varied. Among the factor Sφ is the most sensitive factor. In this simulation Sφ is not varied. Control rules and Sδ, Sθ can be changed with the user specification. This educational fuzzy simulator will be used to understand a fuzzy logic controller for beginners with user tuning of scale factors.

우묵사스레피(Eurya emarginata)의 플라보노이드 화합물의 분리 및 동정

양홍철,박수영,강희경,이남호 제주대학교 생명과학연구소 2001 제주생명과학연구 Vol.4 No.-

The extracts of Eurya emarginata showed inhibitory effect on the growth of HL-60 leukemia cells. So, 80% methanol(MeOH) extract of its leaves was partitioned to hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and residual water fractions. The ethyl acetate fraction, which showed desirable activities, was further purified using SiO2 column chromatography(CC) followed by reverse phase silica gel CC, then another normal CC to give fraction 4-1-8 as a pure compound. The compound 4-1-8 was analyzed by NMR spectrometry using 1H, 13C, DEPT, HMQC and HMBC spectra, and finally proved to be well-known flavono glycoside, Quercitrin.

中共政治文化의 兩面性 : 革命 對 逆革命 急進 對 穩健 Revolution to Counterrevolution, and Radicalism to Moderatism

洪亮杓 慶北大學校 東洋文化硏究所 1978 東洋文化硏究 Vol.5 No.-

Political culture of People's Republic of China (PRC) can be explained as struggle or conflict between two elements: revolution (Cultural Revolution) and counterrevolution (Counter C.R.), and radicalism and moderatism. The Cultural Revolution occured with the background and reason of ideological reorganization of people, precedence of politics to business, the critics of Sun Nipang, May-7-Directives by Mao, and the consolidation of Mao's power. Above all Cultural Revolutionalists challenged Chinese and even World's traditions. They opposed all the old values of culture, and the China was in danger of breaking with the past. The process of Revolution was an expression of insanity. After the savage turmoil, Chinese politics has turned to Counter-Revolution such as precedence of industrialization, material incentives, "distribution according to work", income gap, and etc. The struggle between Revolutionalists and Counterrevolutionalists was turned out to be that of radicalism and moderatism. The former's polctical ideology is literal Maoism, continuity of revolution, voluntarism, non-compromising with reality, antiauthority, precedence of class-struggle, economic egalitarianism, and etc, and the latter's one is classical Marxism, historical determination, emphasizing objective conditions, precedence of modernization to ideology, elitism, preference of social stability (comparing with the radicalists' social disorder for the Revolution), economic efficiency, economic inequality to a certain extent and etc. The triumph of the moderatism over the radicalism with the fall of Gang of Four is any how more desirable than the latter's win. For the moderates' means and politics are relatively nonviolent and friendly to foreign country and Capitalism.