A Complexation Study of Novel Triaza and Hexaaza Macrocycles for the Use of Analytical Reagents

Wakita, Hisanobu,Yamaguchi, Toshio,Matsuki, Yuuichi,Kurisaki, Tsutomu 한국분석과학회 1995 분석과학 Vol.8 No.4

Novel macrocyclic ligands modified with pendant arms, N, N', N'', N''', N'''', N'''''-hexakis(2-aminoethyl)-1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16-hexaazacyclootadecane [$L_3$, Fig.1] and 1, 4, 7-tris(3-(o-hydroxyphenyl)propyl)-1, 4, 7-triazacyclononane [$L_4$, Fig.1] have been synthesized, and the protonation of $L_3$ and $L_4$ and stability constants of $L_3$ with bivalent transition metal ions and rare earth metal ions were determined by a potentiometry. The obtained results show that the complex formation of $L_3$ depends on the metal ligand ratios, and the stability of the metal complexes does not depend on the sizes of the metal ions, but on the nature of the metal ions. The structures of the rare earth complexes for $L_4$ were characterized by an X-ray absorption spectrometry(XAFS).

Generation of White Noise by Digital Signal Processor

Shoichi Wakita,Rokuya Ishii 대한전자공학회 1988 JTC-CSCC : Joint Technical Conference on Circuits Vol.- No.-

A Complexation Study of Novel Triaza and Hexaaza Macrocycles for the Use of Analytical Reagents

Hisanobu WAKITA,Toshio YAMAGUCHI,Yuuichi MATSUKI,Tsutomu KURISAKI 한국분석과학회 1995 분석과학 Vol.8 No.4

個人請負勞動者の保護をめぐる解釋ㆍ立法の課題

脇田滋(Wakita) 한국비교노동법학회 2011 노동법논총 Vol.21 No.-

SYMPOSIUM 4 : Molecular Biology and Experimental Models of HCV

( Takaji Wakita ) 대한간학회 2013 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2013 No.1

Since the discovery of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) in 1989, it has been recognized as a serious medical and public health problem worldwide. Most recent large advance in the HCV research is the introduction of NS3 protease inhibitors for clinical use. Rapid progress in HCV research field has been largely dependent of the development of HCV replicon and culture system. We isolated full-length HCV cDNA of JFH-1 strain from a fulminant hepatitis patient. The JFH-1 strain replicated efficiently in cultured cell lines without acquiring adaptive mutations and secreted infectious viral particles into culture medium. This infectious HCV system provides for the first time a powerful tool with which to study the viral life cycle, to construct anti-viral strategies and to develop effective vaccines. HCV culture system has been used for the detailed analysis of HCV life cycle. The results obtained from these studies were necessary to develop novel anti-viral compounds and prophylaxis vaccines for HCV infection. Anti-viral screenings were performed using HCV replicon and infectious systems targeting the viral entry, RNA replication, virus particle assembly and egress steps of HCV life cycles. Several classes of anti-viral compounds were identified and further analyzed for their mechanisms of actions. Furthermore, it is important to develop HCV replication systems with genotype except 1 and 2 because genotype 3 and 4 HCV infections have been spread in many developing countries.

日本における勞動規制改革の動向

脇田滋 ( Shigeru Wakita ) 한국법정책학회 2013 법과 정책연구 Vol.13 No.4

日本では、1980年代以降、非正規勞動者が增大し、雇用は大きく劣化した.1990年以降、「動く貧困(working poor)」が急增してきた.就職難の若者を過酷な勞動で使い潰す「ブラック企業」が社會問題になっている.新自由主義的企業文化の廣がりの中で、若い世代の將來への不安が高まっている.安倍政權は、(1) 「雇用維持」から 「勞動移動(=解雇)」支援へ、(2) 「限定正社員」の擴大、(3)勞動者派遣規制の緩和、(4)裁量勞動制の擴大を檢討し、勞動法適用除外 「特區」の具體化を進めている.本報告では、從來の雇用政策の前提であった 「日本型雇用慣行」の意義と問題点を振り返り、その根本的轉換を目指す安倍政權での勞動改革を批判的に檢討したい. Ⅰ. 安倍政權の勞動改革論議とその特徵 安倍內閣 「勞動改革」は、2012年6月5日の規制改革會議答申、6月14日閣議決定 「日本再興戰略」に續き、8月の勞動者派遣制度見直しが提起された.その特徵は次の通りである. 1. 雇用維持から勞動移動支援への轉換 日本經濟の成長力を高めるために、高い産業への勞動移動促進が必要であり解雇を容易にすることが必要であることが提起されている. 2.「ジョブ型正社員(限定正社員)」の擴大從來の 「無限定正社員」に代わって 「ジョブ型正社員」(=限定正社員)を擴大するために、その解雇ル一ルを明確にする. 3. 民間人材ビジネスの育成 「雇用調整助成金」が、解雇に對する障害になってきたので、それをなくし、その財源を民間人材ビジネス業者に振り向け、解雇(=勞動移動)を進める. Ⅱ. 「日本的雇用慣行」の光と影 1. 「日本的雇用慣行」の形成と特徵 高度經濟成長過程の中で 「日本的雇用慣行」が形成された.この日本的雇用慣行には、(a)個個の企業間の格差、(b)勞使間の力關係依存、(c) 「男性片動きモデル」という問題点があった. 2. 「日本的パ一トタイム勞動」の公認 主婦パ一トタイマ一は、男女役割分業による 「男性片動きモデル」が生んだ日本的非正規雇用であった.それを日本では、稅法、社會保險法で制度化して、きわめて低い賃金の勞動者を生み出し、若者たちが 「動く貧困」層をに轉落した. Ⅲ. 日本的雇用慣行の本格的轉換 1. フルタイム非正規雇用としての派遣勞動 1980年代に、政府·經營者の政策で 「フルタイムの非正規雇用」が擴大し、正社員に代替した.1985年の 「勞動者派遣法」は、雇用崩壞を本格的に進めている. 2. 女性差別雇用としての 「限定正社員」 1985年 「男女雇用機會均等法」は、男女平等を實現するどころか、 「保護拔き平等」論に基づいて、男性倂みの長時間勞動に從事できない女性を非正規雇用に追いやることになった. 3. 雇用政策の根本的轉換と 「雇用ポ一トフォリオ」 1995年、日本經營者連盟は、「新時代の 「日本的經營」」の中で 「雇用ポ一トフォリオ」論に基づいて、(1)「長期蓄積能力活用型」、(2)「高度專門能力活用型」、(3)「雇用柔軟型」に從業員を三分化することを提言した.規制改革會議の 「限定正社員」構想も、この 「雇用ポ一トフォリオ」論を前提にしている. 2008年、リ一マンショックを背景に20万人以上が雇用を失う 「派遣切り」が行われた.2009年總選擧で、民主黨中心の連合政權が、勞動規制緩和の見直しへの國民的期待を受けて誕生した.同政權の下での、勞動者派遣法改正や有期雇用規制法を實現したが、期待された水準をはるかに下回るものであった.安倍政權は、これに抵抗した經營者團體の强い支持を背景としており、その 「勞動改革」には大きな限界が含まれている. Ⅳ. 今後の課題 日本的雇用慣行には、積極面と消極面があった.勞動力不足の時代には、經營者も日本的雇用慣行を支持していた.しかし、最近は、「新自由主義的理論」によって「人件費削減」のために正社員慣行の見直しを叫ぶようになった.そして、人件費削減を强行し、非正規雇用を擴大してきた.その結果、日本の雇用全體が劣化している.安倍政權の規制改革論議では、日本の雇用社會が直面している問題や矛盾の解決はできない. また、日本では勞動問題で重要な役割を果たすべき勞動組合にまったく存在感がなくなっているが、「安定雇用」「勞動時間短縮」「同一價値勞動同一賃金」「ディ一セント·ワ一ク」「男女平等共動き」「動く者本位の充實した社會保障」などを重視することが必要である. Since 1980s, Japan has faced with poor employments aligned with the increasing temporary positions. In addition, working poor class has been expanded after 1990s. Currently, so-called ‘Black Companies,’ which impose heavy workloads to the young, give serious social burdens in the setting of unemployment crisis. With the spread of neo-liberalistic business cultures, the young have magnified anxiety. Abe government tries to solve this problem by introducing the possible policies regarding employment: (1) supporting “transition of employment(layoff)” departing from “maintenance of employment,” (2) expanding “limited permanent position,” (3) loosening regulations on agency workers, and (4) expanding the arbitrary labor system. At the same time, the government works on the special district that is not covered by the labor law jurisdiction. However, these reformative policies cannot be effective solutions for current labor problems in Japan. One of the primary causes is that they incapacitate labor unions. This article reviews the “Japanese employment practice” in terms of its definition and problem. Furthermore, it criticizes the reformative labor movements of Abe government, which try a fundamental conversion of labor policy.

INTRACELLULAR AMINO ACID PROFILE OF RUMEN BACTERIA AS INFLUENCED BY UREA FEEDING AND ITS DURATION

Kobayashi, Y.,Wakita, M.,Hoshino, S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1993 Animal Bioscience Vol.6 No.4

Rumen bacterial amino acids in sheep on urea diet were monitored to assess a possible change in amino acid synthesis as a long term response to high rumen ammonia environment. A sheep was fed a semipurified diet with soybean meal, followed by a diet with urea as a main nitrogen source. Mixed rumen bacteria were harvested from ruminal fluid taken 3 h after feeding (twice in soybean meal feeding and 6 times in urea feeding) and fractionated as cell wall, proteins and protein-free cell supernatant of monitor amino acids in each fraction. Ruminal ammonia concentration at the sampling ranged from 5.7 to 39.5 mgN/dl. Cell wall and protein fractions of mixed rumen bacteria were stable in their amino acid composition regardless of nitrogen sources of diet and the feeding duration. However, protein-free cell supernatant fraction showed a higher alanine proportion with urea feeding (18.6 and 28.2 molar % of alanine for samples from sheep fed soybean meal and urea, respectively) and its duration (20.6 and 32.9 molar % for samples from sheep on urea diet for 1 and 65 days, respectively). Total free amino acid level of bacteria was depressed in the initial period of urea feeding but restored on 65th day of the feeding. These results suggest that an alanine synthesizing system may develop in rumen bacteria as urea feeding becomes longer.

Molecular Aggregation Structure Analysis of Fully or Partiy Aromatic Polymide Thin Films by Synchrotron Grazing Incidence Wide-Angle X-Ray Scattering

김경태,Junji Wakita,진상우,신태주,노예철,안병철,박삼대,김진철,김동민,정정운,권원상,김미희,고용기,정성민,최준만,이문호,Shinji Ando 한국고분자학회 2010 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2010 No.10

EFFECTS OF SALINOMYCIN ON SITE AND EXTENT OF DIGESTION, RUMEN MICROBIAL PROTEIN SYNTHESIS AND LONG-CHAIN FATTY ACID COMPOSITION IN DIGESTA IN SHEEP

Kobayashi, Y.,Wakita, M.,Okamoto, A.,Hoshino, S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1989 Animal Bioscience Vol.2 No.3

INFLUENCE OF AMINO ACID SUPPLEMENTS TO A STRAW-MAIZE-BASED UREA DIET ON DUODENAL DIGESTA FLOW AND DIGESTION IN SHEEP

Fujimaki, T.,Kobayashi, Y.,Wakita, M.,Hoshino, S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1994 Animal Bioscience Vol.7 No.1

Amino acid (AA) substituted diets had no influence on rumen levels of total volatile fatty acids (VFA), ammonia and ${\alpha}$-amino-N, but tended to increase molar proportions of isovalerate and counts of total viable AA utilizing and celluloytic bacteria in the rumen as compared with the control urea diet. The AA diets did not affect daily flow to the duodenum of dry matter (DM), organic mater (OM) and acid detergent fibre (ADF), and rumen digestibility of these nutrients. However, the AA diets, in particular the 10 essential AA (EAA) diet improved total digestibility of DM, OM and ADF by decreasing faecal output of these fractions. Although N flow to the duodenum and N retention were not affected with the dietary treatments, duodenal bacterial flow appeared to increase by the AA diets when it was estimated by means of 2,6-diaminopimelic acid (DAP) and nucleic acid-purine bases (PB) as markers. The results suggest that AA supplements to a urea diet could improve feed utilization by stimulating microbial activity and proliferation in the rumen but and increased microbial activity per se is not necessarily associated with improvement of feed conversion.