Objective knowledge, subjective knowledge, and prior experience of organic cotton apparel

Tae‑Im Han 한국의류학회 2019 Fashion and Textiles Vol.6 No.1

The purpose of this research is to examine the relationships between objective knowledge, subjective knowledge, and prior experience of organic cotton apparel and their effects on purchase behaviors. The sample of the present study consisted of Millennial consumers living in the United States. Multiple regression and cluster analysis were used to assess the relationship among variables. Objective and subjective knowledge related to organic cotton apparel had a weak relationship suggesting they are distinct measures of knowledge. Direct experience, indirect experience, and education level were significant predictors of subjective knowledge, however, they had insignificant effects on objective knowledge. Furthermore, consumers who are willing to pay more for organic cotton and willing to search actively for organic cotton apparel displayed a higher level of subjective knowledge and had more experience with the product. Objective knowledge was found to have a limited relationship with pro-environmental behaviors. The current study examined distinct types of knowledge associated with organic cotton apparel and their relationship to pro-environmental behaviors which provides a sound basis for better understanding consumers’ organic apparel purchase. It is widely accepted that product knowledge affects consumer behaviors, however, how product knowledge is measured varies extensively across consumer research. The findings offer a valid explanation for the contradictory findings in previous research in terms of the effect of product knowledge on purchase behaviors.

道路에 인접한 構造物이 汚染物의 空間分布에 미치는 影響

임제빈,정태섭,이재웅 全北大學校 附設 都市및環境硏究所 1995 都市 및 環境硏究 Vol.10 No.1

The purpose of this study is to estimate the spatial distribution of atmospheric pollutants due to the structure near the street. Especially, transport mechanism in complex area at the midtown district with the lofty buildings is complicated. So this study estimates spatial distribution of atmospheric pollutants according to the height of the building and the distance from the street. The results of this study are as follows. 1. If the building is stationed in the flat area, the flow of air mass near the building changes. The changing range of air flow is varied with the height of a building and the arrangement of a building. 2. The spatial distribution of atmospheric pollutants varied with the height of building. However, this rate of variation decreases with the increment of height. 3. The accumulation of atmospheric pollutants is higher at the front of the building than the rear of the building. This phenomenon is, however, reversed according as the structure becomes more distant from the street. 4. The highest concentration appeared at a distance from the front of the building in case of high building. 5. The concentration near the structure is decreased with the downwind direction. However the change is small. 6. The wind speed doesn't affect the spatial range of the high level concentration but has an effect on the concentration.

濟州地方 在來種 옥수수品宗에 관한 硏究

任泰浩,朴良門 제주대학교 1985 논문집 Vol.21 No.-

濟州地方에서 蒐集된 在來種 옥수수 9品種 濟州地方에서 蒐集된 在來種 옥수수 9品種을 裁培하고 遺傳的인 特性, 收量 構成要素 및 生産性에 대하여 視驗하였다. 蒐集된 옥수수 品種의 粒色은 白色, 淡灰色, 褐色, 黃色, 灰色, 黑褐色, 濃褐色, 雌色 그리고 黃白色이었다. 平均 出絲期는 7月1日이고, 가장 빠른 品種은 白粒品種, 가장 늦은 品種은 濃褐色品種이었다. 粒重과 粒色은 花粉의 遺傳力에 의하여 支配되는 것 같다. 父雜에 의해서 華分의 종류가 母本의 100粒重 이르킨 변이계수는 2.1(白粒重), 1.1(淡灰色種), 1.6(黃色 및 灰色), 1.7(黑褐色 및 黃白色), 1.9(濃褐色)과 2.3(紫色)이었다. Nine varieties of local corn(Zea mays) collected from the Cheju area were examined to evaluate genetic characters, yield components and productivity by crossing. The kernel colors of collected local corn varieties were white, pale gray, brown, yellow, gray, brownish black dark brown, purple and yellowish white. Average silking date of local of corn varieties was the first of July with the earliest variety "White grains" and latest variety "Dark brown". Maturing time occured from the 7th to 8th of August. Changes of kernel weight and color were cnotrolled by pollen (productivity of male). Changes of C.V.(%, in kernel weight by crossing) were 2.1(in white variety), 1.1 (in pale gray), 1.6(in yellow and gray), 1.7( in brownish black and yellowish white), 1.9(in dark brown) and 2.3 (in pruple).

감성돔(Acanthopagrus schlegeli) 유래의 주화세포의 확립과 확립된 세포의 특성

임은영,강민수,오명주,정태성,정성주 한국어병학회 2003 한국어병학회지 Vol.16 No.3

감성돔 (Acanthopagrus schlegeli)의 비장에서 주화세포인 BSBS를 확립하고 세포의 특성을 검사하였다. BSBS세포는 60회 이상의 계대배양이 가능하였고 형태학적으로는 상피성 세포였다. 세포는 20℃, 10%의 FBS가 든 L-15배지에서 배양하는 조건에서 잘 자랐다. BSBS세포는 해양버나바이러스 (MABY Y-6), 잉어의 봄바이러스병바이러스 (SVCV), 넙치의 랍도바이스(HIRRV)와 연어바이러스 (CSV)를 접종했을 때 세포변성효과가 나타났다. 새로 확립된 주화세포는 앞으로 많은 바이러스병의 연구에 유용하게 사용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. A stable cell line, BSBS (black seabream spleen), was established from the cells in spleen of black seabream, Acanthopagrus schlegeli, and characterized. Subculture maintained more than 60 passages and mophologically, BSBS cell was epithelioid cell. The cells grew optimally at 20℃ in Leibovitz's L-15 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum with incubation temperature of 20℃. BSBS cells supported the growth of marine birnavirus (MABV Y-6), chum salmon reovirus (CSV), spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) and hirame rhabdovirus (HIRRV). Thus, the new cell line may be useful for studying wide range of fish viruses.

Actidione 투여로 인한 Golgi 장치의 형태적 변화

임종선,손태중,박연묵 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1980 慶北醫大誌 Vol.21 No.2

저자는 Golgi장치의 퇴행성 변화를 알아보기 위하여 흰쥐에 단백합성 억제제인 actidione을 투여하고 췌장선방세포를 전자현미경으로 관찰하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 단백합성 장애로 야기되는 Golgi장치의 퇴행성 변화들은 이행소포의 소실, 층상구조의 감소, 낭포의 증가, 농축공포의 소실 및 전 구조의 낭포화 등이다. 그리고 이러한 변화들은 형성면에서 먼저 일어났으며 뒤따라 성숙면에도 일어났다. 이러한 소견들은 단백합성장애로 일어나는 Golgi장치의 퇴행성 변화가 형성면에서 시작하여 성숙면으로 진행된다는 것을 시사해 준다. Author administered 2mg of actidione per 100㎎ of body weight to rats to observe the morphologic degradation of Golgi apparatus of pancreatic acinar cells on suppression of protein synthesis. The results were as follows. Morphologic changes of Golgi apparatus in suppression of protein synthesis induced by actidione administration were loss of transport vesicles, diminution of lamellar structures, increase of saccular structure, loss of condensing vesicle, and vacuolization of entire Golgi apparatus. These changes were preceded in forming face and expanded to maturing face. Above results are very suggestive that degradation of Golgi apparatus on suppression of protein synthesis begins in forming face, and later maturing face is involved.

美國 大學圖書館 資料選擇論 成立과 史的背景에 關한 硏究

林泰三 慶星大學校 1990 論文集 Vol.11 No.3

Most of the literatures concerning the principle of book selection is that of public library and besides the number of those books related to this area far outnumbers when compared with that of University library. This is mainly because the right of selecting literatures by the professor who is in charge of taking care of these books and eapecially the librarians who are well versed in this facer in the university library is extremely restricted and confined. But despite of this limitation, the librarians and those concerned have continually endeavoured to escalate the quality of the book selection, thinking that procrastination their research task in this area would mean delayin and ultimately shortening the time for them to contribute to ward the development of the principle of book selection. The purpose of this research is to grasp the hidden meaning of the various principle connected with the book selection, especially when this principle started to appear. The "necessity of legitimacy" can be derived from the students utiliting the library. But this need is known neither to the professor nor connected with any course of study. The concept of the 'need of legitimacy' was originally used 2 years before Wyer's reatease of his thesis by Arthur E. Bostwick, who was then the director of At. Louis Publice Library. If we borrow Bostwick's words, he called the reguisite or necessity, which the book barrower can hardly easily a "Needs" and among those, the needs that are approved by the society with rationality, he labelled if "The needs of legitimacy". If is not certain whether Wyer was influenced by Bostwisk say. The book selection made by the teaching staff means those books chosen as a part of curriculum by the University but not by the students, and on the other hand the selection of literature done by the director of library is linked with the books our students want to read voluntarily such as to promote our characters. As long as we consider the needs of intradevelopment of student as the barometer of selecting books, the director of library must seek a lot of opinions from the students chosen to do this kind of job. Book selection performed by the director of library different from that done by the teaching staffmust be dealt thoroughly with many students to get their oppinions before the person in charge comes to the conclusion on which book to decide. The principle of Wyer's hasn't yet been able to break loose from the boundary of Potter's conservative standpoint, but his overall idea on the whole is gradually evolving towaved the divection of dualistic principle. As was said previously, the book selection those days was conducted in the hands of so-called officers of instruction. The overriding purport of the theory of book selection performed by the recognized exprots is attributed to the fact of accomplishing the mission of 'Education', which happen to be the primary function of the university library. According to this theory, libraries exist solely to the effect of subsidizing assistance or aids to the over-all affairs in the fieldof education esp. toward those people researching in their respective areas of education and not to mention those looking for books in the library. In the latter part of la century, the right of selecting books by the librarians in the public libraries was firmly established and since then on the principle concerning the evaluation of the contents of books stored in the library,, the demand of book borrowers and that of computerism were in the process of shaping-up. But even until that time, the book selection in the university libraries whose aim is to fulfill the educational function of the library aforesaid had been still at the disposal of teaching staff but not in the hands of officer of instruction, And even though the right of selecting books was given to the faculty members and its staff, that was just supercial and titular compared with its guidance counsellors, since bulk of plenipotentiary powers were actually and mostly given to them. In addition to this, due to the diversification and complexity in the system especially in its hierarchy in the university libraries, problem concomittant with this were inevitable : such as, double-purchase of the new books that had already been bought by the central library and so forth which entailed from this. And so, because of this reason, the main duty and responsibility imposed upon the director of the library turned out to be coordinating and readjusting this mix-up into order. As in the case of professor Potter, attempting to establish the adequate "collection" in the function of education by the teaching staff, he recommends to refer to the following thesis underthe title of "The rise of Book Selection in American Academic Librane's"

클로르헥시딘 바니쉬의 적용이 교정용 브라켓의 전단접착강도에 미치는 영향

임동혁,김태우,장영일,남동석,양원식,백승학 대한치과교정학회 2000 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.30 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 클로르헥시딘 처리가 교정용 브라켓의 전단접착강도와 탈락 양상에 미치는 영향을 비교하는 것이다. 실험군으로 4주간 4회의 클로르헥시딘 바니쉬를 도포한 22개의 사람 소구치를 선택하였고, 대조군으로 아무 처리도 하지 않은 22개의 사람 소구치를 선택하였다. 모든 치아는 37%의 phosphoric acid gel로 부식시키고 교정용 브라켓을 같은 조건으로 부착시켰다. 전단접착강도의 측정을 위해 Instron universal testing machine(model 4466)을 이용하였고, 법랑질과 브라켓 표면은 SEM으로 관찰하였다. 결과의 분석은 t-test를 이용하였으며 결과는 다음과 같다. 1.클로르헥시딘의 법랑질 처리는 전단접착강도에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 2.클로르헥시딘으로 법랑질을 처리한 경우와 그렇지 않는 경우에 브라켓 탈락 양상에 차이가 없었다. 따라서, 클로르헥시딘으로 법랑질을 처리하여도 브라켓 접착에 유해한 작용이 없었고, 따라서 임상사용에 적합하다고 생각된다. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the application of chlorhexidine varnish affects the shear bond strength and failure pattern of orthodontic brackets or not. The experimental group consisted of 22 human premolars which extracted after chlorhexidine vanish application(4 times for 1 week interval) in vivo, and the control group consisted of 22 human premolars which extracted without any pre-treatment. After all teeth were etched with 37% phosphoric acid gel, metal orthodontic brackets (Q-3002, RMO, USA) were bonded to each tooth using auto-polymerizing orthodontic resin (Ortho-One, Bisco, USA) with the same bonding procedure. The shear bond strength was measured with Instron universal testing machine (model 4466, Instron Ltd., England), and the failure pattern of each bracket was examined with Scanning Electron Microscope (SM 840A, JEOL, Japan). The data were analysed statistically with t-test. The results were as follows : 1.Application of chlorhexidine varnish had no significant effect on the shear bond strength of the orthodontic bracket. 2.There was no significant difference in the failure pattern of orthodontic bracket between the experimental group and the control group.

Sprague Dawley 수컷 랏트에서 Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ether의 경구 투여에 의한 급성 독성

임재언,양윤정,이태진,홍연표 대한산업의학회 2006 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.18 No.4

목적: 본 연구는 BADGE의 경구 투여에 의한 급성 독성학적 연구를 수행하여 기존의 연구 결과를 확인하고 추후 내분비계 장애 연구에 필요한 기초자료를 얻고자 하였다. 방법: 수컷 SD 랏트에 0, 1000, 2000, 4000과 8000 mg/kg/day의 BADGE와 DES 0.37 mg/kg/day의 농도를 단회 경구로 투여한 후 14일간 일반 증상 등을 관찰하였고 14일 후 부검하였다. 결과: BADGE를 투여한 모든 군에서 투여 후 3일째에 설사와 다른 일반 증상들이 관찰되었고 체중도 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 특히 8000 mg/kg/day의BADGE를 투여한 랏트에서 투여 후 3일째에 대조군에 비해 유의한 수준으로 체중이 감소하는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 일부 BADGE 투여군에서 대조군에 비해 심장(1000, 2000과 4000 mg/kg/day), 간(1000, 2000, 4000과 8000 mg/kg/day)과 전립샘(4000 mg/kg/day)의 무게의 감소가 관찰되었다. BADGE 투여군의 간(1000과 4000 mg/kg/day)과 전립샘(8000 mg/kg/day) 의 상대 무게가 대조군과 차이를 보였다. 고환을 제외한 모든 장기에서 조직학적인 변화는 관찰되지 않았으며 고환에서는 세 정관에서 정자세포의 감소가 관찰되었다. 고환과 부고환의 sperm head 수를 보면, 고환에서만 감소하는 경향을 보였으며 정자의 운동성과 기형은 대조군과 차이가 없었다. 혈장 에스트로겐과 테스토스테론 농도는 대조군과 모든 투여군 간의 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론: BADGE를 랏트에 경구 투여 하였을 때 1000 mg/kg/day의 수준에서도 일반 독성 및 생식독성을 유발시킬 수 있음을 보여준다. Objectives: Bisphenol A Di Glycidyl Ether (BADGE) is the major component in commercial liquid epoxy resins, which are manufactured by co-reacting bisphenol A with epichlorohydrin. The authors investigated the acute toxicity of BADGE. Methods: BADGE was administered by a gavage to 8 week old SPF Sprague Dawley rats in a single dose of 0 (negative control), 0.37 (Diethylstilbesterol, DES), 1000, 2000, 4000, and 8000 mg/kg/day of BADGE. Each treatment group contained 7 rats. The general status and weight of the rats were observed for 14 days. The rats were anesthetized by ether at 14 days, and the changes in morphology, organ weight, sperm count and motility, and hormone level were measured. Results: All the rats treated with BADGE had diarrhea on the 1st day. The rats administered BADGE at 1000, 2000, and 4000 mg/kg/day showed a soiled perineal region and soft stools with diarrhea until the 3rd day. The 8000 mg/kg/day BADGE rats had diarrhea for two days followed by emaciation, soiled fur, a soiled perineal region, staining around the mouth and were moribund for three to eight days. No weight gain was observed after the 1st day in the 2000, 4000, and 8000 mg/kg/day BADGE rats and after the 7th day in all the treatment groups compared with the control groups. Some treatment groups were observed to have a decrease in the weight of the heart (BADGE 1000, 2000 and 4000 mg/kg/day), liver (BADGE 1000, 2000, 4000 and 8000 mg/kg/day) and prostate (BADGE 4000 mg/kg/day) compared with control group. The weight of the liver was significantly lower in all treatment groups compared with the control group. The relative weight of the liver (BADGE 1000 and 4000 mg/kg/day) was significant lower than the control. No pathological changes were observed in the brain, liver, thyroid, heart, spleen, kidney, lung and prostate. The number of spermatid in the seminiferous tubule in the testes was lower in all treatment groups than the control. The sperm motility tended to decrease with increasing concentration but the sperm count was similar in all treatment groups. The plasma Estrogen and testosterone level were similar in the control and treatment groups. Conclusions: These results suggest that BADGE induces general, hepatic and reproductive toxicity at 1000 mg/kg/day.

환경영향평가서의 대기분야에 나타난 평가기법의 문제점 고찰

임제빈,정태섭 全北大學校 附設 都市및環境硏究所 1995 都市 및 環境硏究 Vol.10 No.1

Recently, it is increasing of environmental impact assessments by government, private enterpsises, widen streets and pavement works, etc. The methods of air pollutional impact assessment for the enterprises were found many defects to be improved. The enterprises named A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H were examined, as follows. 1. It is a rule to measure or survey on every season a year, but practical measurement in the assements were only 2 times or 3 tines. 2. Every assessment was mistaken annual average for average of 24 hours 3. By making use of simulation model, it must be examined for the adequateness, by the method of the correlation coefficient and percentile. Most of the assessments were simulated the pollution without examination for the adequateness. 4. It is not proper to use the simulation for the total suspended particulates by EPA formula, it must be studied for new simulation formula that is suitable to Korean working conditions.

기초주변지반의 마이크로 파일 보강에 의한 지지력 증가효과에 관한 연구

임종철,허진철,이태형,고호성 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 2002 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.61 No.-

본 연구에서는 기초주변에 설치된 마이크로 파일의 길이와 보강범위에 따른 지반의 지지력 증가효과를 실내모형실험을 통하여 조사하였다. 실험 결과, 마이크로 파일의 최적 길이와 보강 범위가 제안되었다. 또한, 기초 직하에 설치된 마이크로 파일의 지지력과도 비교하였다. In this study, the increase in the bearing capacity of soil due to the variation of length and reinforcement scope of the micropiles installed near the foundation was investigated using model tests. From the test results, the length and the optimum reinforcement scope were proposed. In order to improve micropiles field application, it was compared with the increase in the bearing capacity for micropiles installed directly beneath the foundation.