UHF대역 RFID 수신단(리더)의 지터(비트동기) 및 글리치 제거회로 설계

김상훈,이용주,심재희,이용석,Kim, Sang-Hoon,Lee, Yong-Joo,Sim, Jae-Hee,Lee, Yong-Surk 한국통신학회 2007 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.32 No.1A

본 논문에서는 ISO/IEC 18000-6C 표준안을 만족하는 UHF대역 RFID 수신단(리더)의 지터(Jitter)처리와 글리치제거 알고리듬 및 설계방안을 제안하고 이를 이용한 리더를 구현하여 실제 TI(Texas instrument) Gen2 태그의 응답을 분석하였다. ISO/IEC 18000-6C표준안은 Reader에서 Tag로 데이터 전송 시 +/-1%의 오차와 Tag에서 Reader로 데이터 전송 시 최대 +/-22%의 오차를 허용하도록 정의하고 있다. 이러한 허용오차범위 내의 데이터에 대해 본 논문에서 제시한 회로는 기존의 PLL(DPLL, ADPLL)을 이용한 방식이 아닌 최대허용치(tolerance)와 허용치누적을 이용하여 일정치의 오차범위를 허용하며 디코딩 하도록 설계하였다. 또한 글리치와 지터제거 알고리듬의 기본원리를 동일하게 구성하여 글리치제거와 지터제거를 따로 구분하지 않고 하나의 기능으로 동작하게 한다. 주 클럭은 19.2MHz로 설정하였으며 LF는 국내 전파법에 맞도록 40kHz로 설정하였다 시뮬레이션결과 15%이하의 위상지터를 가진 입력데이터에 대해 판독에러율은 0이었으며 $15%{\sim}22%$ 위상지터를 가진 입력데이터에 대해서 는 0.000589였다. 그러나 동적LF생성회로를 사용한 결과 $15%{\sim}22%$ 위상변화를 가진 입력데이터에 대해 판독에러율은 0이었으며 표준안에 정의된 최대 +/-22%오차 범위내의 지터 발생에 대해서 판독에러율은 0이었다. In this paper, we propose an implementation and an algorithm of 'Jitter and Glitch Removing Circuit' for UHF RFID reader system based on ISO/IEC 18000-6C standard. We analyze the response of TI(Texas Instrument) Gen2 tag with a reader using the proposed algorithm. In ISO/IEC 18000-6C standard, a bit rate accuracy(tolerance) is up to +/-22% during tag-to-interrogator communication and +/-1% during interrogator-to-tag communication. In order to solve tolerance problems, we implement the Jitter and Glitch Removing Circuit using the concept of tolerance and tolerance-accumulation instead of PLL(DPLL, ADPLL). The main clock is 19.2MHz and the LF(Link Frequency) is determined as 40kHz to meet the local radio regulation in korea. As a result of simulations, the error-rate is zero within 15% tolerance of tag responses. And in the case of using the adaptive LF generation circuit, the error-rate varies from 0.000589 to zero between 15% and 22% tolerance of tag responses. In conclusion, the error-rate is zero between 0%-22% tolerance of tag response specified in ISO/IEC 18000-6C standard.

수리조선 작업장에서의 공기중 석면 노출에 관한 연구

심상효,정희태,송기민,김윤신,강용선,Sim, Sang-Hyo,Chung, Hee-Tae,Song, Ki-Min,Kim, Yoon-Shin,Kang, Yong-Seon 한국환경보건학회 2008 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.34 No.4

This paper aims to provide basic data for work environment control, prevention of worker exposure to asbestos and improvement of air quality to protect workers ‘health after measuring the level of airborne asbestos and workers' exposure in a shipbuilding repair businesses. For this study, a total of 27 samples were collected from 27 workers who had been exposed to asbestos during engine, piping, boiler and other manufacturing processes in 'A' Shipbuilding Repair Company in Gyeongnam. This research was conducted from Oct. 1 to 30, 2007 and had the following results: The target group (27 workers) consisted of all men with an average age of 35.9 years and 6.6 years of work on average. Among them, fifteen 15 (55.6%) were smokers. In terms of their duties at work, there were 12 plumbing repair engineers (44.4%), 8 boiler repair engineers (29.6%) and 7 engine engineers (25.9%). The geometric mean concentration of airborne asbestos was 0.004 f/cc. A total of 4 samples exceeded the exposure limit. In particular, three exceeded the legal limit by more than double, which means that some workers have been highly exposed to asbestos. In terms of the concentration of asbestos fibres by work process, plumbing repair was the highest (0.0071 f/cc($0.001{\sim}0.57\;f/cc$)) while boiler was the lowest (0.0015 f/cc($0.001{\sim}0.007\;f/cc$)). Based on this study, proper action needs to be taken as soon as possible to protect workers from the threat of asbestos.

Serum Procalcitonin for Differential Diagnosis of Acute Exacerbation and Bacterial Pneumonia in Patients With Interstitial Lung Disease

Sim, Jae Kyeom,Oh, Jee Youn,Lee, Eun Joo,Hur, Gyu Young,Lee, Seung Heon,Lee, Sung Yong,Lee, Sang Yeub,Kim, Je Hyeong,Shin, Chol,Shim, Jae Jeong,In, Kwang Ho,Kang, Kyung Ho,Min, Kyung Hoon Elsevier 2016 The American journal of the medical sciences Vol.351 No.5

<P>Background: Acute exacerbation and bacterial pneumonia are major life-threatening conditions in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). The rapid recognition of these 2 different conditions is important for their proper treatment. An elevated procalcitonin (PCT) level is commonly detected in patients with bacterial infections. This study assessed the usefulness of the serum PCT level as a biomarker for the differential diagnosis of acute exacerbation and bacterial pneumonia in patients with ILD. Materials and Methods: In this prospective observational study, we enrolled patients with ILD who had experienced recently progressive dyspnea and exhibited new infiltrations on chest radiographs. We classified these patients into an acute exacerbation group and a bacterial pneumonia group and compared their baseline characteristics and laboratory parameters, including the PCT level. Results: Of 21 patients with ILD, 9 patients had bacterial pneumonia. Both the groups showed similar baseline characteristics. The bacterial pneumonia group demonstrated a high PCT level. The PCT level in the acute exacerbation group was significantly lower than that in the bacterial pneumonia group (0.05 versus 0.91ng/mL, respectively; P < 0.001). Other parameters, such as the C-reactive protein level, leukocyte count and body temperature, were also lower in the acute exacerbation group. At a cutoff value of 0.1ng/mL, the sensitivity, specificity and negative predictive values of the serum PCT level were 88.9%, 100.0% and 92.3%, respectively. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the serum PCT level is useful in the differential diagnosis of acute exacerbation and bacterial pneumonia in patients with ILD.</P>

P205 : Activation of innate immunity in a house dust mite-induced murine model with atopic dermatitis-like lesions

( Yong Hyun Jang ),( Soo Yuhl Chae ),( Hyun Bo Sim ),( Weon Ju Lee ),( Seok Jong Lee ),( Jung Min Kim ),( Jin Kyeong Choi ),( Sang Hyun Kim ),( Do Won Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2013 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.65 No.2

Background: House dust mite (HDM) allergens are important in the development of atopic dermatitis (AD). In airway allergy, HDM activate innate immunity. However, information regarding the activation of innate immunity by HDM in the skin is limited. Objectives: We investigated whether HDM activate innate immune system in a murine model with atopic dermatitis-like lesions. Activation of innate immunity by HDM allergens in epidermal keratinocytes was also evaluated. Methods: The mRNA levels of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and epidermal immunologic/physical barrier elements were assayed using real-time PCR and were compared between control and HDM group both in vivo and in vitro. Results: In mouse skin, the mRNA levels of PRRs (TLR1/2/4/6/9, NOD2 and PGLYRP1/2/3) were significantly increased in the HDM group compared to the control group. AMPs such as β-defensin1/2, LL-37, S100A7/8/9 and REG3 α showed also similar tendency. A significant increase of mRNA levels of immunologic barrier components such as TSLP, IL-25/33, PAR-2, kallikrein5 and physical barrier proteins including claudin-1/23 and occludin were detected. In addition, TLR1/6/9, NOD2, IL-25/33, claudin-1/23 and occludin mRNA increased in HaCaT cells stimulated with HDM. Conclusion: Our findings provide the evidence that HDM allergens may promote AD development and aggravation through activation of innate immune system as well as an exacerbated Th2-biased adaptive immune response.

Biological Characteristics Pseudomonas aeruginosa 17S, 25R as Plant Growth-Promoting Rizobacteria

Sang Woo Lee(이상우),Myeong Whoon Seo(서명훈),Su Yeon Lee(이수연),Sang Youn Sim(심상연),Jae Wook Lim(임재욱),Yong Hwan Lee(이용환) 한국원예학회 2002 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2002 No.3

Activation of toll like receptor 1 and 6 by house dust mite enhances the expression of tight junction protein in epidermal keratinocytes

( Yong Hyun Jang ),( Sun Young Moon ),( Hyun Bo Sim ),( Sang Lim Kim ),( Weon Ju Lee ),( Seok Jong Lee ),( Jin Kyeong Choi ),( Sang Hyun Kim ),( Do Won Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2015 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.67 No.2

Background: The function of innate receptors has recently been extended to include epithelial barrier regulation. Toll like receptor(TLR)2 activation was shown to aid tight junction (TJ) repair in atopic dermatitis. However, the role of other TLRs in modulating epidermal barrier invitro and in vivo remains poorly understood. Objectives: We investigated the changes of TJ proteins following the activation of TLR 1 and 6 by house dust mite (HDM). Methods: Firstly, the mRNA levels of toll like receptors and TJ elements were assayed using real-time RCR in epidermal keratinocytes and a murine model with AD-likelesions activated by HDM allergen, Dermatophagoides farinae extracts (DFE). Additionally, the association between specific TLR activation and the changes of certain TJ proteins was studied in TLR deficient mice. Results: Both in vitro and in vivo, DFE activated TLR 1 and TLR 6. In addition, DFE upregulated gene expression of TJ proteins including claudin-1, claudin-23 and occludin. These results provide the evidence that HDM triggers the activation of PRRs such as TLR 1 and TLR 6 and thus stimulates the modulation of TJ proteins. Moreover, gene expression of claudin-1, claudin-23 and occludin was not increased in TLR1 (tlr1-/-) and TLR6 (tlr6-/-) knockout mice. Conclusion: Our data suggest that the innate immune activation of the keratinocytes by HDM allergens contribute to lead the preservation of TJ integrity.

Diosmetin and Its Glycoside, Diosmin, Improve Atopic Dermatitis- Like Lesions in 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene-Induced Murine Models

( Sang-a Park ),( Sim-kyu Bong ),( Jin Woo Lee ),( No-june Park ),( Yongsoo Choi ),( Sang Moo Kim ),( Min Hye Yang ),( Yong Kee Kim ),( Su-nam Kim ) 한국응용약물학회 2020 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.28 No.6

Naturally derived diosmetin and its glycoside diosmin are known to be effective in treating inflammatory disease. This study was performed to determine whether diosmin and diosmetin have the effect of improving atopic dermatitis in a 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzen (DNCB)-induced atopic dermatitis (AD) model. DNCB was used to establish AD model in hairless mice. Skin moisture, serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), interleukin 4 (IL-4), and histological analysis were performed to measure the effectiveness of diosmin and diosmetine to improve AD. IL-4 levels were also measured in RBL-2H3 cells. Administration of diosmetin or diosmin orally inhibited the progress of DNCB-induced AD-like lesions in murine models by inhibiting transdermal water loss (TEWL) and increasing skin hydration. Diosmetin or diosmin treatment also reduced IgE and IL-4 levels in AD-induced hairless mouse serum samples. However, in the in vitro assay, only diosmetin, not diosmin, reduced the expression level of IL-4 mRNA in RBL-2H3 cells. Diosmin and diosmetine alleviated the altered epidermal thickness and immune cell infiltration in AD. Diosmin is considered effective in the cure of AD and skin inflammatory diseases by being converted into diosmetin in the body by pharmacokinetic metabolism. Thus, oral administration of diosmetin and diosmin might be a useful agent for the treatment of AD and cutaneous inflammatory diseases.

Aberrant of Branching Order of Subclavian Arteries in a Siberian Roe Deer

Sang-yun Shin,Hong-shik Oh,Jeoung Ha Sim,Hyun Jin Tae,Byung Yong Park,In Shik Kim,Dong-choon Ahn 대한수의학회 2017 대한수의학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2017 No.-

Two Cases of Diagnosis and Removal of Endobronchial Hamartoma by Cryotherapy via Flexible Bronchoscopy

Sim, Jae Kyeom,Choi, Jong Hyun,Oh, Jee Youn,Cho, Jae Young,Moon, Eul Sun,Min, Hye Sook,Lee, Byung Hyun,Park, Min Seon,Hur, Gyu Young,Lee, Sung Yong,Shim, Jae Jeong,Kang, Kyung Ho,Min, Kyung Hoon The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2014 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.76 No.3

Although endobronchial hamartoma is a rare benign tumor, most patients with endobronchial hamartoma have respiratory symptoms such as obstructive pneumonia, hemoptysis, cough, or dyspnea due to bronchial obstruction. It can cause irreversible post-obstructive pulmonary destruction, thus early diagnosis and treatment is very important. Recently, there have been cases of neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser and electrocautery procedures for bronchoscopic treatment of malignant or benign central airway obstruction with comparable therapeutic efficacy and few complications. Bronchoscopic cryotherapy is a newly developed technique for management of central airway obstruction. Moreover, it provides diagnostic methods with improving diagnostic yield and safety. We report two cases of endobronchial hamartoma, each diagnosed and definitively treated with bronchoscopic techniques. Endobronchial biopsy and removal was successfully performed by cryotherapy via flexible bronchoscopy without notable complications. Follow-up bronchoscopic examinations excluded residual or recurrent disease.

The Results of Cervical Nucleoplasty in Patients with Cervical Disc Disorder: A Retrospective Clinical Study of 22 Patients

Sim, Sung-Eun,Ko, Eun-Sung,Kim, Duk-Kyung,Kim, Hae-Kyoung,Kim, Yong-Chul,Shin, Hwa-Yong The Korean Pain Society 2011 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.24 No.1

Background: Nucleoplasty is a minimally invasive spinal surgery using a $Coblation^{(R)}$ technique that creates small voids within the disc. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of cervical nucleoplasty in patients with cervical disc disorder. Methods: Between March 2008 and December 2009, 22 patients with cervical disc disorders were treated with cervical nucleoplasty after failed conservative treatment. All procedures were performed under local anesthesia, and fluoroscopic guidance and voids were created in the disc with the $Perc^{TM}$ DC Spine $Wand^{TM}$. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by the Modified Macnab criteria and VAS score at preprocedure, postprocedure 1 month, and 6 months. Results: Six patients had one, eight patients had two and eight patients had three discs treated; a total of 46 procedures was performed. Mean VAS reduced from 9.3 at preprocedure to 3.7 at postprocedure 1 month and to 3.4 at postprocedure 6 months. There was no significant complication related to the procedure within the first month. Outcomes were good or excellent in 17/22 (77.3%) cases. Postprocedure magnetic resonance imaging was acquired in two patients after two months showing morphologic evidence of volume reduction of protruded disc material in one patient but not in the other. Conclusions: Percutaneous decompression with a nucleoplasty using a $Coblation^{(R)}$ technique in the treatment of cervical disc disorder is a safe, minimally-invasive and less uncomfortable procedure, with an excellent short-term clinical outcome.