우리나라 석면 함유제품 실태조사

심상효 한국보건교육건강증진학회 2007 한국보건교육·건강증진학회 학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.- No.-

석면 해체·제거 작업장의 근로환경 실태조사

심상효,정춘화,김정만 한국실내환경학회 2012 한국실내환경학회지 Vol.9 No.3

Recently, media coverages of the asbestos were gradually increased. In fact, serious problems have been found in asbestos removal. This study was performed against 375 workers from 30 asbestos removal firms from August 7 to December 10, 2010 in order to find out work conditions for asbestos removal. Then, the following results were obtained: In terms of area, Seoul/Gyeonggi was the highest with 218 workers (58.1%). In terms of age, '41-50' was the highest among 140 workers (37.3%). The mean age was 50.3. When asked if they smoke cigarette, 272 respondents (72.5%) said 'YES.' When asked how many cigarettes they smoke a day, 11-20 (190 workers, 73.2%) was the highest, followed by 10 or less (43, 15.8%) and 'a pack or more (30, 11.0%).' In terms of average off-days per year, '1 month or less (257 workers, 68.5%)' was the highest, followed by '1-3 month(s) (77 workers, 20.5%)' and '3 months or more (41 workers, 10.9%).' In terms of annual income, 'KRW 10-20 million' was the highest with 162 workers (43.2%). No one was able to earn more than KRW 50 million. In terms of the workers' knowledge of the danger of asbestos, when asked if they were aware that asbestos can cause lung cancer, 348 respondents (92.8%) answered 'YES' while 7 workers (1.9%) said 'I am Not Sure.' According to multi-response analysis on protective clothing and gear, 369 respondents (98.9%) put on 'dust respirator' while 364 workers (97.6%) wore 'helmet.' In addition, 220 respondents (59.0%) answered that they wore 'protective clothing.' When asked how the protective clothing and gear were handled after use, 'seal them up in a designated bag and have them disposed of properly' was the response that has the highest percentage (360 respondents, 96.0%). The questionnaire consisted of 13 questions. Cronbach's alpha, which was performed to assess the reliability of the survey, was 0.858.

대학 실험실에서의 유기화합물 노출에 의한 건강위험성 평가에 관한 연구

심상효,원정일,전하섭,김도원 한국학교・지역보건교육학회 2021 한국학교지역보건교육학회지 Vol.22 No.4

신축공동주택의 실내공기질 특성 및 평가 -휘발성 유기화합물 및 포름알데히드 중심으로-

심상효,김윤신,Sim, Sang-Hyo,Kim, Yoon-Shin 한국환경보건학회 2006 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.32 No.4

Indoor air quality is the dominant contributor to total personal exposure because most people spend a majority of their time indoors. Especially exposure to indoor air can potentially pose a greater threat than exposure to ambient air when indoor environments have sources of contaminants. In this study, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and formaldehyde (HCHO) within newly constructed apartment have been determined in 27 houses of apartment in Seoul from December 2004 to March 2005. The measured indoor air pollutants were HCHO, volatile organic compounds including benzene, toluene, styrene, xylene, ethylbenzene and sampled on the standard method of Ministry of Environment in Korea. The indoor levels for benzene, xylene, toluene, ethylbenzene, styrene, and HCHO have significant increase trend after 5 hours closing of windows and doors. Levels of measured air pollutants concentrations between living rooms and bedrooms have not shown significant difference. Spearman correlation coefficient among the measured air pollutants ranged from 0.303 to 0.946, indicating similar source in building materials.

수리조선 작업장에서의 공기중 석면 노출에 관한 연구

심상효,정희태,송기민,김윤신,강용선,Sim, Sang-Hyo,Chung, Hee-Tae,Song, Ki-Min,Kim, Yoon-Shin,Kang, Yong-Seon 한국환경보건학회 2008 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.34 No.4

This paper aims to provide basic data for work environment control, prevention of worker exposure to asbestos and improvement of air quality to protect workers ‘health after measuring the level of airborne asbestos and workers' exposure in a shipbuilding repair businesses. For this study, a total of 27 samples were collected from 27 workers who had been exposed to asbestos during engine, piping, boiler and other manufacturing processes in 'A' Shipbuilding Repair Company in Gyeongnam. This research was conducted from Oct. 1 to 30, 2007 and had the following results: The target group (27 workers) consisted of all men with an average age of 35.9 years and 6.6 years of work on average. Among them, fifteen 15 (55.6%) were smokers. In terms of their duties at work, there were 12 plumbing repair engineers (44.4%), 8 boiler repair engineers (29.6%) and 7 engine engineers (25.9%). The geometric mean concentration of airborne asbestos was 0.004 f/cc. A total of 4 samples exceeded the exposure limit. In particular, three exceeded the legal limit by more than double, which means that some workers have been highly exposed to asbestos. In terms of the concentration of asbestos fibres by work process, plumbing repair was the highest (0.0071 f/cc($0.001{\sim}0.57\;f/cc$)) while boiler was the lowest (0.0015 f/cc($0.001{\sim}0.007\;f/cc$)). Based on this study, proper action needs to be taken as soon as possible to protect workers from the threat of asbestos.

석면해체·제거업체의 작업현장 실태조사

심상효,김정만,진찬호,박희련,정춘화 한국실내환경학회 2010 한국실내환경학회지 Vol.7 No.3

This study has attempted to investigate current asbestos laws in the amended Occupational Safety and Health Act on the removal and disposal of asbestos. Among 800 registered asbestos removal and disposal companies, 499 firms were investigated from August 7 to December 10, 2009. The qualified inspectors (those with Industrial Hygiene Engineer’s License or higher-level technical license) are educated for more than three hours before starting the inspection. In terms of regional distribution, Gyeonggi / Incheon was the highest with 105 companies(21%), followed by Daegu / Gyeongbuk(100, 20%), Chungbuk(97, 19.4%), Jeonbuk(37, 7.4%), Gwangju / Jeonnam (35, 7.0%) and Seoul(33, 6.6%). In terms of the number of education and technical assistances(1,348 in total) among 499 asbestos removal and disposal companies ,‘personal protective equipment and putting it on(287, 21.3%)’ was the highest, followed by ‘safety & health actions by asbestos removal and disposal work(171, 12.7%),’ ‘hazard of asbestos(168, 12.5%),’ ‘NO SMOKING and NO FOOD(164, 12.2%)’ and ‘prevention of asbestos fibers from being airborne(12, 0.9%).’A questionnaire consisted of 11 questions regarding the obse tance of enforcement ordinances associated with the removal and disposal of asbestos. According to an investigation on the current status of the workplace based on inspectors’ checklists, 3 scores were maintained in average. This paper has limitations because it has failed to randomly investigate the workplace because it is very strict to visit the asbestos removal and disposal sites.

자동차 정비업체 도장공정의 작업환경 및 근로자 노출 실태에 관한 연구

심상효,정춘화,임진숙,이형구,김윤신,Sim, Sang-Hyo,Jeoung, Chun-Hwa,Lim, Jin-Suk,Lee, Hyung-Gu,Kim, Yoon-Shin 한국환경보건학회 2009 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.35 No.3

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate 1) blood lead levels of workers at auto repair shops as Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) of toxic substances such as lead and toluene that are produced during automotive painting process, 2) the differences depending on personal characteristics of workers who have been exposed to toluene by using urine hippuric acid concentration as a marker and 3) the correlation between the concentration of hazardous chemicals in each workplace and the BEL. All subjects were male with a mean age of 36.2 years. In terms of age, most were in the 30 to 40 age group (13 persons, 48.1%). In relation to the length of work experience, the highest proportion had experience of 10 years of less (18 persons, 66.7%). Twenty three workers were cigarette smokers (85.2%) while 4 (14.8%) were non-smokers. In addition, more than 80% of the workers drank alcohol. Dust concentration and toluene exposure during automotive painting showed no significant difference with age, length of work experience, smoking and drinking while a significant difference (p<0.05) has been detected between lead concentration and smoking. The geometric mean of dust concentration, lead concentration and toluene concentration were $0.38mg/m^3,\;0.0021mg/m^3$ and 1.08ppm respectively. In addition, the geometric mean of blood lead levels and urine hippuric acid concentration were $1.70{\mu}g/dl$ and 0.25g/g respectively, which were lower than the standard levels suggested by the Ministry of Labor. To determine the influential factors on blood lead and urine hippuric acid concentrations, a correlation analysis has been conducted with variables of air, lead and toluene concentrations, age, length of work experience and amount of cigarette smoking. According to the analysis, a relatively high correlation (p<0.01) has been observed between air lead concentration and biological sample concentration.

미소산화물을 포함한 시멘트 구성화합물의 화학조성 추정 및 이를 이용한 화합물량 계산식 제안

심상효(Shim, Sang Hyo),이창홍(Lee, Chang Hong),김장호(Kim, Jang Ho Jay) 한국콘크리트학회 2018 한국콘크리트학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.30 No.1

최소 피복두께가 적용된 방파제 구조물의 내구수명 평가

심상효(Shim, Sang Hyo),이창홍(Lee, Chang Hong),백승우(Pack, Seung Woo),김장호(Kim, Jang Ho Jay) 한국콘크리트학회 2016 한국콘크리트학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.28 No.2

안식향산 함유 식품 섭취가 톨루엔 폭로 근로자들의 요중 마뇨산 농도에 미치는 영향

심상효,손정일,박정일 大韓産業醫學會 1996 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.8 No.3

This study was performed to investigate the effect of foods containing benzoic acid on the urinary hippuric acid concentration in the toluene exposed workers. The urinary hippuric acid concentration were measured at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 minute after intake of soft drink and bread containing benzoic acid in volunteers, who did not have been exposed toluene occupationally. After that urinary hippuric acids were measured at the end of shift in toluene exposed workers. And also the concentration of toluene in air were analysed by gas chromatography. So the relationships between urinary hippuric acid concentration and age, work duration, concentration of toluene in air and intake of benzoic acid containing food were observed. The results were as follows: 1. The urinary hippuric acid concentration reached the highest level at 30 minute after intake of soft drink with bread at a level of 1.41g/g creatinine and soft drink alone at a level of 1.04g/g creatinine which contained benzoic acid among unexposed toluene, and then gradually decreased. 2. In toluene exposed group to significant effect of general characteristics such as gender, age, work duration, drinking and smoking on urinary hippuric acid concentration was showed in toluene exposed group. 3. The mean value of urinary hippuric acid concentration of group taking benzoic acid containing foods was significantly higher than that of group not taking. 4. Multiple regression analysis showed that toluene concentration in air and benzoic acid containing foods were together significantly influence on urinary hippuric acid concentration. And the function between variables is Y=0.014Toluene+0.489Benzoic acid+0.745 and the contribution rates were 31%. In conclusion, it was suggested that the information on intake of benzoic acid containing foods should be considered in measurement of urinary hippuric acid for the more accurate toluene exposure evaluation.