Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) in Health Technology Assessment: Review of Literature on MCDA Methodology and Decision Criteria

이용주,김영주,박다진,Danny Liew,이용주 한국보건의료기술평가학회 2017 보건의료기술평가 Vol.5 No.2

Objectives: Many studies are being conducted around the globe to assess the feasibility of multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) in health technology assessment (HTA). In this review, we assessed MCDA methodologies and decision criteria used in HTA. Methods: A total of 35 studies published from 2005−2015 that applied MCDA in HTA were selected and the following areas were reviewed: 1) Context of the decision making: decision making setting, level (e.g., micro, meso, macro), and the assessment target (e.g., healthcare policy, drugs, health program, medical test, medical device, treatment, or surgery), 2) MCDA methodology: type of MCDA technique, weighting method, criteria elicitation method, and the participants, 3) Decision criteria: feasibility, social/population impact, intervention related factors, patient/individual-centered values, budget impact, and quality of evidence, and 4) Transparency of the decision making process: the process was considered transparent if the study disclosed the weight of each criterion, the formula used to calculate the final score or if the weighting/calculation method was well explained to the level considered acceptable by the authors. Results: Of the studies reviewed, 63.9% used MCDA for decision making at a national level, and the type of HT being assessed was most often national/regional healthcare policy (44.1%). The most prevalent method of weighting was direct weighting using scales (40.0%). Most of the studies (80.0%) conducted group discussions for criterion selection, and among the criteria, intervention-related factors such as safety and efficacy (93.9%) were most often observed, followed by budget-impact (81.8%) and patient/individual-centered values (81.8%). Conclusion: Substantial demands for incorporation of patient-centered values into the current HTA process were observed. Additionally, MCDA may be a useful tool in incorporating such values to the HTA decision framework, but unresolved methodological issues remain. Further assessment on the application of MCDA in HTA should be conducted for Korea-specific settings.

[지역보도 부문/뉴스_제95회 이달의 방송기자상] 국가 공기업의 두 얼굴

이용주 (사)방송기자연합회 2016 방송기자 Vol.33 No.-

최신연구동향 - 미래 에너지의 총아, 레이저 핵융합 연구 동향

이용주,Lee, Yong-Ju 한국광학기기산업협회 2011 光學世界 Vol.136 No.-

자연이 에너지는 만들어 내는 자연스러운 에너지 생성 반응과 달리 인위적으로 에너지를 만들어 내는 기술이 1960년대 이후 계속 연구되어 왔으며 21 세기에 들어오면서 그 가능성이 높아지고 있다. 본고에서는 레이저를 이용하여 핵융합 반응을 일으키는 방법에 대해서 설명한다. 레이저 핵융합 반응은 에너지 및 전기 생산의 목적 이외에도 핵연료나 고준위 폐기물의 처리에 중요한 대안을 마련해 줄 수 있을 것으로 전망되고 있다.

확장 마크업 언어(XML)를 이용한 정간보 악보 표기법에 관한 연구

이용주,최근우,박태진,강경옥,Lee, Yong Ju,Choi, Keunwoo,Park, Tae Jin,Kang, Kyeongok 한국음향학회 2013 한국음향학회지 Vol.32 No.5

In this paper, we propose an efficient method to describe and save Jeongganbo score which has various structures and symbols by using XML (Extensible Markup Language). To do this, analysis of Jeongganbo's structures, and classification of symbols for jeongganbo were preformed. Then, Jeongganbo DTD (Document Type Definition) was defined to describe Jeongganbo score in XML document. To verify the proposed method, we produced a Jeongganbo score XML file for real Jeongganbo score according to the proposed Jeongganbo DTD, and then evaluated the produced XML file by using Jeongganbo XML interpreter software which can interpret the Jeongganbo XML file and represent the Jeongganbo score.

Effects of Carbon Tetrachloride Administration on the Branched - chain Amino Acid Aminotransferase Activity in Rat Liver

이용주 한국생화학회 1970 BMB Reports Vol.3 No.1

The time course changes in the activity of branched-chain amino acids: 2 oxoglutarate aminotransferase (EC 2. 6. 1. 6) has been studied in the rat liver given carbon tetrachloride. Subcellular distribution of the enzyme also determined. 1. The levels of isoleucine aminotransferase showed a marked increase up to 24 hours and followed by a very slow increase during the period of 24 to 48 hours after carbon tetrachloride treatment. Valine aminotransferase activity is always slightly lower than isoleucine aminotransferase activity, and these two aminotransferase activities showed a quite similar fluctuation during the course of 96 hours after poisoning. Leucine was catalysed slowest of the three branched-chain amino acids. 2. The activity of branched-chain ammo acid aminotransferase was mostly recoverd in the soluble fraction (50-60 per cent). Mitochondrial fraction contained the activity about 15 per cent; nuclear fraction, 25 - 30 per cent; microsomal fraction, 4 - 6 per cent of the organ s total activity. 3. The enzyme activity was increasingly recovered in the soluble fraction during the subsequent stage of the poisoning, and this is probably due to the preceding solubilization of enzyme in particulate fractions.

대전·충청 지역의 소아 세균성 수막염에 대한 임상적 연구 : 2001-2005

이용주,이수진,박호진,이영혁,강소영,김영창,이인규,이경연,이건수,김원섭 대한소아청소년과학회 2007 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.50 No.2

목 적 : 최근 5년간 대전충청 지역에서 세균성 수막염의 원인균과 역학, 임상 양상, 경과 및 예후에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2001년 1월부터 2005년 12월까지 만 5년간 대전충청 지역의 10개 종합병원 소아과에서 세균성 수막염으로 진단받았던 1개월부터 만 15세까지의 53례를 대상으로 하여 원인균을 중심으로 발생 빈도와 역학을 알아보았다. 결 과 : 대전충청 지역에서 최근 5년간 발생한 소아 세균성 수막염 53례 중 40례에서 균이 배양되었고, 원인균은 S. pneumoniae(32.1%), H. influenzae(18.9%), N. meningitidis(5.7%) 등의 순서로 나타났다. 임상증상으로 발열이 전례에서 있었고, 뇌척수액 검사에서 대부분 백혈구 수는 100/mm3 이상(88.3%), 당량은 50 mg/dL 미만(79.2%), 단백량은 45 mg/dL 이상(92.4 %)이었다. 53례 중 45례(84.9%)는 호전되어 퇴원하였고, 합병증은 경막하삼출(19.0%)과 청력장애(9.4%)가 가장 많았다. 결 론 : 대전충청지역에서 최근 5년간 발생한 수막염의 가장 흔한 원인균은 S. pneumoniae로, 폐구균 단백 결합 백신 접종이 활성화되면 S. pneumoniae에 의한 수막염의 발생율은 감소할 것으로 보인다. Purpose : The purpose of this study was to analyze the epidemiology, causative organism, clinical manifestation and prognosis of bacterial meningitis for children after the introduction of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine in Daejeon and Chungcheong area. Methods : We analyzed retrospectively 53 medical records who had been diagnosed with bacterial meningitis at 10 general or university hospitals in Daejeon and Chungcheong area. All patients aged 1 month-14 years admitted between January 2001 through December 2005. Results : During the 5-year study period, 40 of all cases were positive for bacterial growth. Of the 40 cases that were CSF culture-proven bacterial meningitis, Streptococcus peumoniae was the most common bacteria for 17 (32.1%) of all cases, followed by H. influenzae for 10 (18.9%), Neisseria meningitidis for 3 (5.7%). In this study, the most common clinical manifestation is fever, accompanied by all cases. CSF leukocyte count was more than 100/mm3 in 45 (84.1%) cases. CSF glucose concentration was less than 50 mg/dL in 42 (79.2%) cases and protein concentration was more than 45 mg/ dL in 49 (92.5%) cases. 45 of all cases made a recovery after treatment and were discharged. Most common complication after treatment is subdural effusion (19.0%) and hearing disturbance (9.4%). Conclusion : The most common organism of culture-proven bacterial meningitis in the children beyond neonatal period was S. pneumoniae. Continued surveillance studies were demanded to know the altered incidence of bacterial meningitis, because we expect the incidence of S. pneumoniae meninigitis will be on the decrease after more active innoculation of pneumococcal protein conjugate vaccine.

스마트 매쉬업을 위한 시맨틱 기반 Open API 온톨로지 구축 기법

이용주 (사)디지털산업정보학회 2011 디지털산업정보학회논문지 Vol.7 No.3

Recently, Open APIs are getting attention with the advent of Web 2.0. Open APIs are used to combine services and generate new services by Mashup. However, the growing number of available Open APIs raises a challenging issue how to locate the desired APIs. We automatically build ontologies from WSDL, WADL, HTML, and their underlying semantics. The key ingredient of our method is a technique that clusters input/output parameters in the collection of API methods into semantically meaningful concepts, and captures the hierarchical relationships between the terms contained in a parameter. These semantic ontologies allow search engines to support a similarity search for Open APIs based on various protocols such as SOAP, REST, JavaScript, and XML-RPC, and significantly improve the quality of APIs matching by the clustering and hierarchical relationships mechanism.

축광노면표시 시인성 및 설치규격개선 효과분석: 고속도로 사고다발구간을 중심으로

이용주,이명환,최기주 대한토목학회 2016 대한토목학회논문집 Vol.36 No.4

Visibility of lane marking is impaired at night, or in case of rain, and thereby threatens traffic safety. Recently, various studies and technology have been developed to improve lane marking visibility, such as the extension of lane marking life expectancy (up to 1.5 times), improvement of lane marking equipment, improvement of lane marking visibility (32.7%) by applying phosphorescent material mixed paint, and expressway lane design standards alternative (length 6m, gap 12m, width 13cm: 27.8% of painted surface are reduced) adoption with ergonomic analysis. In this study, a set of cost-benefit analyses was performed for the cases where such techniques were applied. Based on the literature review, 26.9% of traffic accidents would be prevented by improving lane marking visibility by 32.7%; accident reduction benefit was calculated as much as 12.5 billion KRW. Meanwhile, total increased cost when introducing phosphorescent material mixed paint and lane design standards alternative is calculated as 30.6 billion KRW. However, economic feasibility could not be secured with 0.41 of cost-benefit ratio when applied to the expressway network as a whole. Additionally, cost-benefit (B/C) analysis was applied to each of the top 20 night accident hot spots and the results of B/C ratios were between 0.67 and 4.20, showing that 11 out of 20 spot sections of expressway can have economic feasibility. This results indicate, with this kind of pavement marking applied to accident hot spots in rural expressway, better visibility and economic feasibility can be guaranteed through traffic accident reduction. Some limitations and future research agenda have also been discussed. 야간 혹은 우천시에 노면표시의 시인성이 저하되어 교통안전에 위협을 초래하고 있는 가운데, 본 연구에서는 최근 소개된 차선도색 장비 성능개량에 따른 노면표시 수명 연장(1.5배), 축광차선도료를 배합한 야광 노면표시의 시인성 개선(32.7%), 인간공학적 검토를 통한 고속도로 차선도색 설치규격 개선안(도색길이 6m, 빈길이 12m, 차선폭 13cm: 도색면적 27.8% 절감)을 도입하였을 때 종합적인 소요비용 및 사고절감 편익을고려한 경제성분석을 통해 도입타당성을 제시하고자 하였다. 기존 문헌을 바탕으로 노면표시 시인성 32.7% 개선에 따라 26.9%의 사고감소 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 이에 대한 고속도로 교통사고 절감편익은 125억원으로 산정되었다. 야광차선 도입 및 설치규격 개선에 따른 총비용 증가분은 306억원으로 고속도로 일괄 도입시 경제성(비용-편익비 0.41) 확보가 어려운 것으로 나타났다. 야간 교통사고가 잦은 상위 20개 구간을 대상으로 각 구간별 경제성 분석을 수행한 결과, 구간에 따라 비용-편익비가 0.67~4.20으로 전체 20개 구간 중 11개 구간에서 경제성이 확보되어, 특히 지방부 고속도로 사고다발구간에 야광 노면표시 및 설치 규격 개선을 우선적으로 적용시 사고 감소에 따른 경제성이 존재하는 것으로 확인되었다. 연구의 한계와 향후 연구주제가 함께 논문의 말미에 토의되었다.

완곡어법 소고

이용주 한국국어교육연구회 1959 국어교육 Vol.- No.2

첨단 레이저 응용기술 동향

이용주,Lee, Yong-Ju 한국광학기기산업협회 2005 光學世界 Vol.100 No.-

레이저 핵융합 반응을 이용하여 중성자를 발생시키는 기술은 레이저 핵융합 발전로의 개발을 위한 중간단계 기술로 알려지고 있으며 선진국들은 이미 거쳐 간 단계라고 할 수 있다. 그러나 국내에서는 아직 레이저 핵융합에 대한 본격적인 연구가 이루어지지 않고 있던 상황에서 최근 한국원자력연구소의 고속 중성자 발생 실험 연구성과는 시사하다 바가 매우 크다고 할 수 있다.