理論과 實踐의 不一致 解消에 관한 辨證法的 批判理論 : J. Habermas의 理論을 中心으로

朴永泰 서원대학교 학생생활연구소 1984 학생생활연구 Vol.3 No.-

1. We can see many cases that theory is inconsistent with practice in ordinary life. Many men have made th efforts to dissolve those inconsistency. We can classify those efforts into three ways of explanation as follow: Positivism, Hermeneutics, and Critical Theory. 2. Positivism argue that the explanation of covering-law theory can dissolve those inconsistency, because there can be no inconsistency in the theory of natural science and coveringlaw theory is the explanation of natural science. But the argument of positivism can`t be valid in human sciences and social sciences. 3. Hermeneutics criticize the causal explanation of covering-law theory. Their alternative is Hermeneutic explanation(Verstehen). They emphasize value-dependent, historicity, and totality of human action which is the field of mental science(Geisteswissenschaften). But Their explanation is not strict. 4. Habermas criticizes the theory of Positivism and Hermeneutics. According to his argument, Positivism is the extreme of objectivism and Hermeneutics is the other extreme of subjectivism. Both theories neglect the correlation of the subject and the object. Therefore, he tries to synthesize dialectically both theories by the Interest which leads the knowledge. He argues that the basic ontological modes of human-being are Work and Interaction(Interaktion). To have Work(Arbieit) and Interaction is normal human life. But, the distorted communication disturbes those normal human lives. Normal human lives are based on the open society in which theory is consistent with practice. If the distorted communication is corrected, we are able to have the open society in which theory is consistent with practice. Therefore, in order to correct the distorted communication, we should be free from the Authority and Ideology(ex: science and technique) which are the obstacles of open society.

결혼만족도에 영향을 미치는 변인들에 관한 연구 : 재미교포 기혼자들을 중심으로

박태영 한국 정신보건 사회사업학회 1998 정신보건과 사회사업 Vol.5 No.-

This study investigated marital satisfaction among Korean immigrants spouses. It was hypothesized that marital satisfaction could be predicted from the level of acculturation, the number of years of U.S. residence, status inconsistency, annual income, educational level, conjugal decision making, household tasks, and communication problems. A snowball sampling strategy yielded 304 respondents. Results showed that the level of acculturation was significantly associated to marital satisfaction for Korean immigrant husbands, but not for wives. Marital decision-making was significantly related to marital satisfaction for Korean immigrant wives, but not for husbands. Both level of acculturation and marital decision-making accounted for only 3% of the variance in marital satisfaction. For both husbands and wives, conjugal communication problems were the best predictor of marital satisfaction (16% and 37% of variance explained, respectively). None of the other independent variables was significantly associated with marital satisfaction.

韓國近代期 日本人移住漁村의 浦口聚落 構造와 住居形態에 관한 硏究 : 慶南 統營ㆍ長承浦港을 對象으로 In the Case of Japanese Migrant Fishing Village

박중신,김태영,이훈 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.20 No.11

This paper aims to clarify the residential quarter organization and housing spatial form of Japanese migrant fishing village during the colonial period of Korea in Tongyoung and Janseungpo. Road system of the village was constituted from roads running parallel with coastline and small alleys stretching perpendicularly to them providing trapezoid shape of land. Residential quarter Organization of the village was considered of square forms, trapezoid forms, and non-fixed forms. The transformation of the dwellings usually occurs through plan extension and expansion of shop space. The rooms appear to be modified by giving them independent entry, a modification probably adapted to Korean lifestyle.

이론적 대상 (theoretical object) 의 실재론적 해석에 관한 고찰

朴永泰 東亞大學校 1986 東亞論叢 Vol.23 No.1

1. In the course of the theoretical progress of micro-physics, the problem that confronted us is about the ontological status of theoretical entity which is occured in micro-physics. By our sense organ we can't verify the reality of the theoretical entity which plays a central role in the explanation of macro-phenomena. That is, the theoretical entity is invisible in principle through our possible instruments whatever(e.g electron). By the invisible theoretical entity we can verify the macro-physical phenomena, while we can't those entity. So we can explain the ontological status of theoretical entity as follow. (A) The theoretical entity is real if the descriptions of it can be reduced to the descriptions whose meaning is explained by sensory experience. If not, those entity is not real. (B) The theoretical entity is real independently of our sensory experience. Therefore the ontology of the theoretical entity is not concerned with our ability of knowing it. We are going to study on the assertions of (A) and (B). In conclusion we will see Putuam's critic of both and his internal realism. 2. According to (A), the descriptions about the theoretical entity can be reduced to the descriptions about sensory experience. If it is impossible to reduce the description about the theoretical entity, those entity are not real. But in the current theory of micro-physics the theoretical entities which can't be reduced to sensory experience explain facts of the real world. So (A) results in asserting those to be fictional entity. But acting physicists can't accept (A)'s assertion. The other problem resulted from (A) is about the explanatory necessity of micro-physics. If it is not supposed that the theoretical entity is real, micro-physics which involves those entity explain the macro-phenomena while these explanations are not about necessary relation of macro--phenomena but contigent coincidence. We can not accept this conclusion. 3. According to (B), the theoretical entity is real independently of whether those are reduced to sensory experience or we can verify it. (B)'s assertion is conformed to the activity of physicist and the scientific progress. For example, current physicists does not endeavor to discover elementary particles, quark, unless the theoretical entities are real. Bur (B)'s assertion is based on the metaphysical supposition. This supposition is about the referential relation of theoretical entities and theoretical terms which refer to those entities. Because of this metaphysical supposition, (B)'s assertion can't distinguish the sound scientific theory from the vicious suppositions. 4. Putnam criticizes (A) and (B), According to him, (A)'s preference of sensory experience can not explain the indexicality of theoretical entity. So (A) can not explain the reference of theoretical entities which are at first the same entity in a point-view of sensory expienence but later is discovered to be different entity, (for example, Aluminum and Molybdenum), Therefore Putnam asserts that the theoretical entities are real. But he says that our explanation of the reference of theoretical terms should not be based on the metaphysical supposition. Therefore he argues that the reference of the theoretical terms is determind within our conceptual scheme. According to him, the difference of the sound scientific theory from supposition is suggested from our conceptual scheme. Putnam name his position "Internal Realism."

Vibrio vulnificus 感染에 對한 Tetracycline의 마우스 體內 抗菌 效果

朴榮敏,吳聖洙,河大有 대한화학요법학회 1988 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.6 No.2

Vibrio vulnificus C7184주를 대상으로 12종의 항균제에 대한 최저발육저지농동(MIC)를 검사하고, 본 균에 감염시킨 마우스에 있어서 tetracycline(TC)의 투여시간 및 약량에 따른 생존율 및 hematocrit치의 변화를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. TC, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, tobramycin, cefotaxime 및 moxalactam등에 높은 감수성을 보였다. 본 세균을 감염시킨 후 1시간에 마우스당 25㎍ 및 50㎍의 TC를 투여한 경우에 생존율이 각각 90%로서 뛰어난 항균효과를 보였으며, 이 경우의 hematicrit치의 변화는 정상대조군과 비슷하였다. 마우스를 본 세균에 감염시키고, 시간의 경과에 따라 50㎍의 TC를 투여한 경우 시간이 경과함에 따라 마우스의 생존율이 저하되었으며, 3시간 후에 투여한 경우에는 TC를 투여하지 않은 군과 같이 감염 후 16시간에 모든 마우스가 사망하였고, 이때의 hematocrit치는 감염후 TC투여시간이 지연(3시간군)될수록 급격한 상승을 보였다.이 마우스 모델은 V. vulnificus에 대한 TC의 생체내 효과를 평가하는데 편리한 모델이라고 사료되었다. In vivo efficacy of tetracycline (TC) in mice experimentally infected with Vibrio vulnificus strain C7184 was studied. Mice were infected s.c. with 1×10^(8) cells, and s.c. injection of various doses of TC was performed 1hr later when mice had edematous lesions at the infection site or s.c. injection of 50 ㎍ of TC was performed during, 1, 2 or 3hr after infection. The results are as followings: 1. Administration of 50 or 25 ㎍/mouse of TC 1hr after infection showed excellent antibacterial effect; of 10 mice treated with TC, 9 mice survived at 48 hr and, in these, hematocrit valuse were similar to the control group. 2. Administration of 50 ㎍/mouse of TC during or 1hr after infection showed also excellent antibacterial effect, but did not reverse the mortality of mice infected with V. vulnificus when TC was given 3hr after infection. These results indicate that TC has excellent antibacterial effect against V. vulnificus in the mouse model, but time of TC administration is the effecacy-limiting factor and this model is good for testing for in vivo effecacy against V. vulnificus.

집단따돌림 당하는 고등학생에 대한 상호작용적 가족치료와 구조적 가족치료 모델의 적용

박태영 한국 정신보건 사회사업학회 2001 정신보건과 사회사업 Vol.12 No.-

본 연구는 학교와 교회 내에서 친구들로부터 어려서부터 집단따돌림을 당하고 있는 고등학생을 부모님이 치료해달라고 본 치료사를 찾아 온 사례로서, 클라이언트 및 가족들을 대상으로 가족치료를 하였다. 클라이언트가 태어났을 당시에 아버지는 해외에 있었으며, 클라이언트는 어머니와 외조부모와 함께 생활을 하였다. 그러한 과정에 아버지와 관계가 좋지 못하였고, 형제와의 관계도 원만하지 않았다. 특히, 클라이언트는 어려서부터 지적인 면이 강한 반면에, 신체적으로 약하여 체육을 싫어함으로써 아이들과 어울리지 못하였다. 클라이언트는 2남 1녀 중 장남으로, 어머니가 클라이언트와 밀착관계를 유지하고 있었고, 아버지와는 의사소통이 되지 못하였다. 특히, 아버지는 클라이언트에게 아버지의 기준을 강요해왔고, 클라이언트는 이러한 아버지를 이해하지 못하고 아버지와 대화하는 것을 꺼리고 있었다. 부모들은 클라이언트에게 매일 새벽기도와 가정예배를 강요해 왔다. 그러나 클라이언트는 이러한 강요된 믿음으로 인해 부모들과 충돌을 일으켰다. 이러한 과정에 클라이언트는 집 밖에서 친구들과 어울리지 못하였고, 또한 가정 내에서도 동생들과 힘든 관계를 유지하고 있었다. 그러한 클라언트를 부모 또한 동생들 앞에서 핀잔을 주는 경우가 많았다. 치료사는 클라이언트의 문제를 일단 가족들과의 의사소통이 안 되는 것에 초점을 맞추어, 지금까지 클라이언트와 부모들이 문제를 해결하려고 시도해왔던 역기능적인 방법을 발견하고자 하였다. 이러한 시도해왔던 방법을 지금까지 시도해 보지 않았던 새로운 방법을 시도하기 위하여 MRI의 상호작용적 가족치료 모델을 활용하였다. 더불어, 아버지가 지금까지 클라이언트에게 일방적으로 자신의 방식을 강요해왔던 것으로부터 아버지가 인식의 전환을 하도록 시도하였다. 어머니와 클라이언트 밀착된 관계를 좀 떨어뜨리고, 클라이언트와 아버지와의 소원한 관계를 좀더 가깝게 하도록 하였고 더불어 형제하위체계를 강화하도록 하였다. 중심단어 : 집단따돌림, 역기능적인 의사소통 패턴, 시도된 해결책, 형제하위체계, 경계선 This paper is a case study, which applied MRI's interactional family therapy and structural family therapy model to a client with experiencing victimization from friends at school. The client had been experiencing victimization from childhood at school and church, as well as home. The client had bad relationships with his father and his siblings at home. The client was intelligent, but was physically unhealthy. Due to his fragile body, he did not get along with his friends. The client had close relationship with his mother, and he did not communicate with his father. The father forced his faith and idea upon the client. The could not understand his father and was reluctant to communicate with his father. The parents had urged the client to attend church at dawn and family worship everyday. The client had experienced conflicts with his parents because of his parents' forced faith to him. The therapist focused to the client's communication problem with his family. The therapist tried to find out the dysfunctionally attempted solution to resolve problems between the client and parents. The therapist tried to apply MRI's attempted solution model to change dysfunctional communication pattern. In addition, the therapist attempted to change his father's contemplation and forced attitude toward the client. Also, the therapist tried to put clear boundary between the client and his mother by using Salvador Minuchin's structural family therapy model. On the other hand, the therapist tried to strengthen the client's sibling subsystem. Key Words : victimization, dysfunctional communication pattern, attempted solution, sibling subsystem, boundary

저열량영양식품 섭취에 따른 비만여성의 체중감량 효과에 관한 연구

박순영,최중명,김동현,최경식,최봉근,윤태영,유동준 한국보건통계학회 2002 보건정보통계학회지 Vol.27 No.1

In the method of obesity treatment, Dietary method, Exercise method, Behavior method, and Drug method, Dietary method is the most important control method of obesity. The aim of this study is that evaluate the weight reduction effect of the specific low calorie diet products (KSD I and 2) in obese women. Twenty five women who were volunteer participated in this study. They have no heart diseases and metabolic diseases. we classified two groups : obese group and standard group. Anthropometric indices were measured in all subject for four times. Venous blood sample were taken to determine the lipid profiles, glucose level, and liver function test. In obese group, body weight were reduced 2.85±1.46kg, but showed statistically non-signicicant. Body mass index were gradually reduced, 1.09±0.93kg/m^2(p<0.05).In blood analyses, total cholesterol were reduced 10.61 ±33.4mg/dℓ ( p<0.05). KSD 2 significantly inhibited maltase, sucrase and α-glucosidase from rat intestine, and porcine pancreatic lipase, although KSD I inhibited only the sucrase.

Anti-idiotypic 항체가 Hybridoma 세포의 Anti-DNA 항체 합성을 조절하는 기전

박선,박정수,김형일,주민경,장영주,윤정구,김영태 아주대학교 의과학연구소 1996 아주의학 Vol.1 No.1

The regulatory mechanism of anti-idiotypic antibody(anti-id Ab) in the immune response is not fully understood. It has been reported that anti-id Ab suppresses Ab production of lymphocytes or hybridoma cells in vitro, but it does not affect the proliferation of cells or Ab secretion. We investigated whether or not polyclonal anti-id Ab regulates the production of anti-DNA Ab(lgG2a) in hybridoma cells. In addition, the effects of anti-id Ab on the proliferation of cells and on the transcription levels of lg genes were studied to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms for regulation of anti-DNA Ab production in hybridoma cells. The treatment of hybridoma cells with anti-id Ab resulted in an increase in the number of cells producing anti-DNA Ab. However, there was no significant difference in the proliferation rate and mRNA levels of Ig genes between hybridoma cells treated with anti-id Ab, and those treated with normal rabbit serum. These results and our previous data suggest that the number of hybridoma cells producing anti-DNA Ab by anti-id Ab is not directly related with the rate of proliferation of the cells. Furthermore, it appears that the number of hybridoma cells producing IgG class anti-DNA Ab is increased by anti-id Ab, whereas the number of hybridoma cells producing IgM class anti-DNA Ab is down-regulated by anti-id Ab.

MRI모델을 적용한 '자살하겠다'는 아동의 가족치료

박태영 한국 정신보건 사회사업학회 1999 정신보건과 사회사업 Vol.8 No.-

This paper is a case study to apply MRI model to a client, who was saying to commit suicide. The client was intimidating his parents with saying " I am going to die by leaping down from the fourth floor" or "I am going to break down a house". The therapist tried to find out what was the attempted solution between the client and his mother. When the client attempted to spread out toys over the living room for play, his mother yelled at the client to remove them. As soon as the client was reluctantly to remove toys from the floor, he ran his grandparent's house and he said "I am going to commit suicide from jumping down from the fourth floor" or "I am going to demolish this house" to his grandparents. When the client laughed with strange sound, his mother tried to stop his laughing with yelling. Then he ran his grandparent's house and he responded to the same as the above. The therapist assumed that the pattern between mother's yelling and client's intimidating to commit suicide or break down a house was their attempted solution. However, the attempted solution was unfunctional to solve their problems. The therapist tried to change their attempted solution. That is, the therapist gave assignment to client's mother not to yell at her son, who was trying to spred out toys over the floor and to remove those with her son after finishing his play. Also, the therapist assinged not to restrain her son's laughing to the mother even if she did not like his strange laughing. This was the first-order change. As soon as she tried new method, the client did not say such as "I am going to die," or "I am going to break down the house". The second order-change was to change the ralationship between client's mother and father. This means that the therapist tried to changed communication style between husband and wife. Therefore, the couple started to change their relationship by changed communication pattern. Finally, the client's threat such as "I am going to commit suicide," or "I am going to demolish the house" to his parents and grandparents did not happen any more for the 6 sessions. When the therapis met them by chance after six months in other place, they smiled at me. They looked very happy.

과학적 실재론과 과학이론의 변화

박영태 東亞大學校 大學院 1990 大學院論文集 Vol.15 No.-

Ⅰ. Positivism argues that the change of seientific theory is proceeded by substitution, subsumption and extension. It's argument is based on the assumption that scientific theory is logically systematized by the formal system. Ⅱ. Kuhn and Feyerabend criticised against the positivist argument in the change of scientific theory. They argue that there are incommonsurability in the history of science. On the base of the incommonsurability. , they explain that later scientific theory does not have subsuned the older scientific theory in terms of substitution and extension. But their arguments are resulted in relativism or anarchism. Ⅲ. Seientific realism criticizes the positivism's argument. For the instrumentalism is logically followed from the positivism's argument on the basis of assumption that there are theory-neutral observational term in scientific theory. From this point, scientific realism have accepted Kuhnian argument. But they differ in opinion with Kuhn and Feyerabend due to their relativism and anarchism. Scientific realism interpreted micro-physical theory realistically. According to their argument, a statement in the micro-physical theory corresponds to the real world like the way that a statement in the macro-physical theory corresponds to the real world. For scientific theory describes the real world. Therefore a statement in the micro-physical theory is true or false as like as a statement in the macro-physical theory. They conclude that there is convergence in the change of scientific theory. Ⅳ. Luntley and Putnam opposed against scientific realism in that they have assumed the truth as nonepistemic (transcendental) concept. Luntley criticizes the scientific realism in the point that all statement must not be necessarily true or false. Of course, he argues that theoretical terms noninferentially refer to theoretical entities and that theoretical entities exist without the inference fron the observational statements. He devlops his arguments through the objection against instrumentalism. He accepts that a scientific statement with the effecitve procedure (e.g. epistemic skill) is true or false, but other statements with noneffective procedure necessarily must not be true or false. Therefore he accepts that there may be nondecidable sentence in scientific theory. But he says that the suggestion that there are nondecidable sentence in scientific theory does not imply that theoretical entity which theoretical term in such sentences refers to is 'not-real', but nondecidable. Also he objects that there is convergence in the change of scientific theory because convergence assumed the truth as the transcendental non-epistemic concept. Ⅴ. Putnam agrees with Luntley in that there are absurdity in scientific realism that assumed truth as nonepistemic concept, but differently argues that there is convergence in the change of scientific theory. Putnam criticizes the arguments of the scientific realism about truth through his 'brains-in-a-vat' argument and model-theoretic interpretaion. He regards truth as ideal justification and identifies truth with warranted assertability. He explains that truth is relative to theoretical system. But he argues that there is convergence in the change of scientific theory because the stability of reference is preserved despite scientific changes by means of the principle of benefit of the doubt. Ⅵ. As Luntley and Putnam attack on the scientific reailism, scientific realism accepts their criticism, or continuously argues that explanatory power of scientific theory assumes truth as nonepistemically primitive concept.