체외배양한 인제대정맥혈관내피세포에서 R. tsutsugamushi 감염이 Tissue Factor와 Type 1 Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor의 발현에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

김미란,기선호,배현주,장우현,박선양,최강원 대한감염학회 1995 감염 Vol.27 No.4

목적:쯔쯔가무시질환시 생기는 전신혈액응고장애의 병인 기전이 rickettsia의 침투에 의한 혈관내피세포의 손상, 그에 따른 tissue factor의 발현, 뒤이은 tissue type plasminogen activator(tPA)의 분비와 보상기전으로 type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor(PAI-1)이 분비되는 과정으로 생각하고 이를 보고자 연구를 시행하였다. 방법:체외배양한 혈관내피세포에 순수분리한 Rickettsia tsutsugamushi를 감염시킨후 상층액에서 ELISA법으로 tPA와 PAI-1을 측정하였고 혈관내피세포 단층배양에서 면역형광법으로 tissue factor를 측정하였으며 PAI-1 유전자의 발현을 확인하고자 Northern blot analysis로 PAI-1 mRNA를 확인하였다. 결과: 1) PAI-1 R. tsutsugamushi를 감염시킨후 24시간에 가장 높은 농도를 보이며 그 증가량은 정상대조군에 비해 2.5배에서 4.7배까지 증가 하였다. 2) R. tsutsugamushi를 감염시킨후 혈관내피세포에서 분비되는 tPA의 분비는 정상대조군에 비해 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 3) Northern blot analysis에 의한 PAI-1 mRNA의 발현 검색 결과 정상대조군에 비해 R. tsutsugamush가 감염된 혈관내피세포에서는 PAI-1의 발현이 2.5배 정도 증가하였다. 4) 혈관내피세포 단층배양에 R. tsutsugamushi를 감염시킨후 24시간에 tissue factor단일클론 항체와 FITC-conjugated anti mouse IgG를 이용한 간접 면역형광항체법으로 tissue factor를 측정한 결과 혈관내피세포 표면에서 tissue factor의 존재를 확인할 수 있었다. 결론:단층배양한 혈관내피세포에 R. tsutsugamushi를 감염시켰을 때 tissue factor가 발현되었고 PAI-1의 분비가 증가하여 24시간에 가장 많이 분비되었다. 그러나 tPA의 분비는 정상대조군에 비해 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. Nothern blot analysis를 통한 PAI-1 mRNA의 발현 검색 결과 PAI-1이 새로이 생성되어 분비됨을 확인하였다. Background:Tissue type plasminogen activator(tPA), type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), and von Willebrand factor are known to be released into the sera of patients in disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC). The main pathologic mechanism of tsutsugamushi disease is the vasculitis by direct endothelial cell invasion by R. tsutsugamushi which dosen't have endotoxin. It is suspected that the mechanisms of DIC and activation of plasminogen activation system are different from those of sepsis by other organisms. which is caused by endotoxin. We suspect that direct rickettsial invasion of endothelial cells causes endothelial cell damage, tissue factor release, which is followed by DIC, and tPA and PAI-1 are released as compensatory mechanism. Methods:We cultured endothelial cells from human umbilical cord vein, infected them with purified R. tsutsugamushi Gilliam strain, checked tPA and PAI-1 by ELISA in culture supernatant. Then we observed the tissue factor expression on cultured endothelial cell monolayer by indirect IF stain. PAI-1 gene expression was evaluated by northern blot analysis. Results: 1) PAI-1 level showed gradual increase up to 240ng/ml (2.5-4.7 fold increase) in 24 hours. 2) tPA level showed no significant change with time. 3) PAI-1 gene expression increased 2.5 fold by northern blot analysis. 4) Tissue factor was expressed on the endothelial cells infected with R. tsutsugamushi. Conclusion: R. tsutsugamushi infection induces expression of tissue factor on endothelial cells and PAI-1 synthesis and it would contribute to DIC mechanism in tsutsugamushi disease in part. But it has no direct effect on tPA release.

Thinning of the Corpus Callosum and Cerebellar Atrophy is Correlated with Phenotypic Severity in a Family

Sanjeev Rajakulendran,Coro Paisán-Ruiz,Henry Houlden 대한신경과학회 2011 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.7 No.2

Background:Mutations in the spatacsin gene are associated with spastic paraplegia type 11(SPG11), which is the most-common cause of autosomal recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia. Although SPG11 has diverse phenotypes, thinning of the corpus callosum is an important feature. Case Report:Clinical, genetic, and radiological evaluations were undertaken in a large family from Gujarat in North India with hereditary spastic paraplegia, whose affected members presented with varying degrees of spasticity, ataxia, and cognitive impairment. The clinical severity and the degree of corpus callosum and cerebellar atrophy varied among the four affected individuals in the family. Genetic testing of the affected members revealed recessive mutations in the spatacsin gene, consistent with a diagnosis of SPG11. Conclusions;We believe that the extent of corpus callosum thinning and cerebellar atrophy is correlated with disease severity in affected patients. The addition of extrapyramidal features in the most-affected members suggests that SPG11 exhibits considerable phenotypic heterogeneity.

胞狀奇胎와 胎兒의 共存 2例

朱明淑,成貞柱,裵惠珍 대한산부인과학회 1969 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.12 No.12

The Effect of Agomelatine in Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia

Carol Sheei-Meei Wang(Carol Sheei-Meei Wang ),Kuo-Sheng Cheng(Kuo-Sheng Cheng),Chia-Hung Tang(Chia-Hung Tang),Ming-Chyi Pai(Ming-Chyi Pai),Pai-Lien Chen(Pai-Lien Chen),Pei-Fang Chien(Pei-Fang Chien) 대한정신약물학회 2022 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.20 No.4

Objective: Moderate and severe behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) often need medical treatment to improve symptoms. Agomelatine is a selective melatonergic (MT1/MT2) agonist that has normalizing effects on disturbed circadian rhythms and disrupted sleep−wake cycles. Its activity of 5HT-2C receptor antagonism is associated with lessening depression and anxiety and increasing slow-wave sleep. Based on past clinical records and current findings it suggests that agomelatine can improve BPSD for patients. This retrospective cohort study was designed to compare the BPSD before and after using agomelatine. Methods: Records of dementia cases who had ever received agomelatine treatment for BPSD in a general hospital setting during the past 2.5 years were identified and reviewed. Scores from before and after 3 months of treatment with agomelatine were collected for Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), and Clinical Global Impression (CGI) to compare and analyze the difference of psychological and behavioral symptoms pre- and post-agomelatine used. Results: Records of 144 cases of dementia with BPSD who had ever used agomelatine from January 2015 to June 2017 were collected. All of the 112 cases had BPRS and CGI scores, of which 75 cases had additional NPI scores. Among these 112 cases, the BPRS and CGI scores were significantly improved in all types of dementia. NPI scores indicated that the use of agomelatine alleviated obvious symptoms and decreased overall distress, especially in the depression/poor mood, anxiety, and sleep/night behavior. Conclusion: It is consistent with an effective result of agomelatine in improving BPSD.

Characterization of Resistance Plasmid of Shigella sonnei Isolates from the Outbreak at Cheju Island in 2000

Pai, Hyunjoo,Kim, Jae Deok,Cheon, Seung-Min,Chang, Sun-Joo,Lim, Young-Hyo,Kim, Young-Kwon,Lee, Bok Kwon,Kim, Seonghan 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.5

2000년도 5월에서 8월까지 제주도에 Shigella sonnei 장염의 유행이 있었다. 저자들은 유행당시 치료 실패례에서 분리된 이질균 54균주의 내성 플라스미드를 분석하였다. 54균주는 ampicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, 및 trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole에 내성이었다. Ampicillln, streptomycin, 및 tetracycline 내성은 약 80 kb 크기의 접합성 플라스미드에 의하여 전이되었으나 trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole은 플라스미드에 의하여 전파되지 않았다. 플라스미드의 내성 지역을 클로닝하였다. 총 8384 bp 염기서열을 분석한 결과, strA, strB, tetR, 및 sul1 유전자가 존재하였고 기술된 순서대로 위치하였다. 54균주는 같은 크기의 플라스미드를 보유하고 있었으며 같은 리보타이핑 소견을 보여주어 유행내 단일균의 전파를 제시하였다. A large outbreak of Shigella sonnei gastrointestinal infections occurred at Cheju Island in Korea from May to August 2000. We selected 54 strains which were isolated from the primary treatment failure cases in the outbreak, and characterized the resistance-determining region of the R-plasmid. The 54 strains showed same antimicrobial resistance patterns; resistance against ampicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. The resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, and tetracycline were mediated by a conjugable plasmid of about 80 kb size, but the trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance was not transferred by this plasmid. The R-determining region of the plasmid was cloned and characterized. The 8,384 bp sequences contained resistance genes in the following order:strA, strB, tetR, tetA, and sul1. Fifty four isolates harbored the same sized plasmid and showed same ribotyping patterns, which suggested the clonal spread of S. sonnei in the outbreak.

Understanding physical properties of solutions using equation of state: Electrolyte systems

Pai, Sung Jin,Bae, Young Chan Elsevier 2012 Fluid phase equilibria Vol.332 No.-

Ab initio potential energy surface for methane and carbon dioxide and application to vapor-liquid coexistence.

Pai, Sung Jin,Bae, Young Chan American Institute of Physics 2014 The Journal of chemical physics Vol.141 No.6

<P>A six-dimensional intermolecular potential energy surface for a rigid methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) dimer was developed from the counterpoise-corrected supermolecular approach at the CCSD(T) level of theory. A total of 466 grid points distributed to 46 orientations were calculated from the complete basis set limit extrapolation based on up to aug-cc-pVQZ basis set. A modified site-site pair potential function was proposed for rapid representation of the high level ab initio calculations. A nonadditive three-body interaction was represented by the Axilrod-Teller-Muto expression for mixtures with the polarizability and the London dispersion constant of each molecule. Second to fourth virial coefficients of CH4 and CO2 mixtures were calculated using both the Mayer sampling Monte Carlo method and the present potential functions. The virial equation of state derived from these coefficients was used to predict the pVT values and showed good agreement with experimental data below 200 bar at 300 K. The vapor-liquid coexistence curves of pure CH4, CO2 and their mixtures were presented with the aid of Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo simulations. The predicted tie lines agreed with the experimental data within the uncertainties up to near the critical point.</P>

Magnetic Properties and Microstructure of TbCo/(Co/SiN<SUB>x</SUB>)<SUB>n</SUB> Films

Pai Li Lin,Po Cheng Kuo,Sheng Chi Chen,Yen Hsiang Fang 한국자기학회 2007 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.- No.-

Treatment of a heterotrophic ossification fracture at the proximal Achilles tendon: a case report

Pai Xu,Zhao Wang,Seung-Ho Lee,Jun-Sheng Zhang,Chan Kang 대한정형외과 스포츠의학회 2023 Arthroscopy and Orthopedic Sports Medicine Vol.10 No.2

A heterotrophic ossification fracture ~80 mm in size was found in the proximal Achilles tendon area on a plain radiograph in a 71-year-old female patient who visited the hospital due to right calf pain after jogging. On surgical findings, the entire Achilles tendon substance was changed into heterotrophic ossification in the calcaneus ossification center, and a total defect was induced after excision. Flexor hallucis longus transfer surgery, commonly used among various Achilles tendon reconstruction methods, was performed, and 14 months after the operation, satisfactory results were obtained without hindrance to daily life. Although there have been several reports of Achilles tendon ossification, no domestic report has yet been confirmed for a case in which acute fracture was prominently identified and treated when the entire proximal Achilles tendon substance was ossified.

A Case Study on the Performance Evaluation of a Not-for-Profit Organization by the Balanced Scorecard Perspectives: Focused on the Korea Shipping Association

Pai, Hoo-Seok,Shin, Yong-John Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research 2011 한국항해항만학회지 Vol.35 No.2

This paper aims to examine the use of the Balanced Scorecard in a not-for-profit organization (the Korea Shipping Association). The KSA has begun using the Balanced Scorecard paradigm in its strategic planning process. In this paper an overview is presented of the basic concepts of the Balanced Scorecard including the financial perspective, customer perspective, internal process perspective, and learning and growth perspective. The accounting system and its pros and cons of the KSA are then surveyed in terms of its performance evaluation. The application of the Balanced Scorecard approach to the KSA is discussed in detail. Implications in using the Balanced Scorecard are discussed. Finally, conclusions regarding the use of the Balanced Scorecard in a not-for-profit organization are presented. Through this paper, the comprehensive understanding of the performance evaluation for not-for-profit organizations as the KSA would be promoted.