農産物 流通構造의 改善案에 關하여

趙美蘭 梨花女子大學校 師範大學 社會生活科 1988 綠友硏究論集 Vol.- No.30

제주연안 갯녹음(백화) 지역의 해수에 분포하는 세균군의 분자생물학적 분석

강봉조,김미란,윤병준,이동헌,오덕철,강형일 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 2002 基礎科學硏究 Vol.15 No.2

본 연구에서는 갯녹음(백화)현상이 세균생태계와 어떤 관련이 있는지에 대한 기초자료 및 정보를 얻기 위하여 갯녹음 현상이 일어난 제주도 성산과 강정지역 연안의 해수에 존재하는 세균군을 16S rRNA 증폭기법을 이용하여 조사하였다. 강정지역에서는 Alcanivorax, Paracoccus, Damselae, Pseudomonas, Rhodovulum, Silicibacter, Sulfitobacter, Roseobacter 등 다양한 종류의 세균이 분포되어 있었으며, Alcanivorax가 20%의 빈도로 가장 많이 나타났다. 반면, 성산 지역에서는 Pseudomonas속 균주가 우점종으로서 존재하였으며, Pseudomonas tolaasii(혹은 Pseudomonas corrugata)와 유연관계가 가까운 세균은 44%, Pseudomonas mandeli와 가까운 세균이 24%, Verrucomicrobiales와 가까운 세균은 4%, 기타 동정되지 않은 세균은 세 group으로 구분되었으며, 각각 8%, 8%, 12%를 차지하여, 두 곳에 분포되어 있는 세균군상이 상당한 차이점이 있음을 확인하였다. 갯녹음 지역인 강정과 성산 해수의 8월(표품 채집시기)의 수온은 27℃-27.5℃, 염분의 농도는 30.24-30.60%, pH는 8.23-8.36, 용존산소량(DO)은 각각 7.20-7.28로, 두 지역에서 매우 비슷한 것으로 조사된 바 있는데, 이는 수온이나 염분의 농도, 또는 pH보다는 다른 원인에 의하여 두 갯녹음 지역에 분포하는 세균군의 차이를 가져왔음을 제시해 주었다. In this study, the bacterial communities distributed in sea water of the whitening areas of Gangjeong and Seongsan, Jeju-do have been analyzed using the PCR amplification of 16S rRNA to obtain fundamental data and information on relationship of the whitening phenomenon and microbial ecosystem. In Gangjeong, diverse bacteria such as Alcanivorax, Paracoccus, Damselae, Pseudomonas, Rhodovulum, Silicibacier, Sulfitobacter, and Roseobacier have been found, and Alcanivorax was the most abundant clone. The most abundant clone from Seongsan was Pseudoinonas, of which Pseudomonastolaasii and Pseudonionas mandeli were most abundantly occurred in the frequency of approx 44% and 24%, respectively. Approx 4% of the bacterial clones closest to firruconiicrobiales and other unidentified clones were also found in Seongsan, suggesting there is a great discrepancy between bacterial communities from the whitening areas of Seongsan and Gangjeong. The mean tem- perature, chlorine concentration, pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO) of the sea water of Gangjeong and Seongsan in August of 2001 (sampling period) was 27℃-27.5℃, 30.24-30.60%, pH 8.23-8.36,7.20-7.28 ㎎/ℓ, suggesting other environmental factors except for the factors mentioned above might result in difference of bacterial communities distributed in both areas.

오리부산물과 한약재를 이용한 추출액의 영양성분 및 중금속 노출에 대한 피해 완화 효과 : (Ⅱ) 중금속 노출에 대한 오리추출액의 피해 완화 효과 (Ⅱ) Damage Mitigation Effects on Heavy-metals Exposure of Peking-Duck By-Product Extracts

한종현,이우진,조성균,이미정,정미란,전정우,김운영,박성혜 동아시아식생활학회 2003 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.13 No.4

This study was performed to investigate the effects of peking-duck extracts added with medicinal herbs(DJ) on the intoxication of heavy metals (Hg, Pb, Cd, As) in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 150±15g, were randomly assigned to 5 groups: basal diet only in normal control group(NCG); basal diet and heavy metals without DJ injection in heavy metal control group(HMC); basal diet, heavy metals and DJ(3㎎/㎖) injection in heavy metal low duck juice group(HMLD), basal diet, heavy metals and DJ(30㎎/㎖) injection in heavy metal middle duck juice group(HMMlD); basal diet, heavy metal and DJ(300㎎/㎖) injection in heavy metal high duck juice group(HMHD). Hg and As was injected by 50ppm and Cd and Pb by 25ppm for 17days. Also DJ oral feeding was conducted for 28days. The result of this study were as follows: Food intake and body weight gain in heavy metal administered groups were lower than those of NCG. Liver, kidney and testis weights were not significantly different among 5 groups. GOT, GPT and BUN activities were significantly reduced in DJ treated groups as compared to HMC. DJ showed the suppressing effect on the accumulation of Hg, Pb and Cd in serum, liver and kidney. Fecal Hg and Cd excretions increased with DJ feeding. The results suggested that DJ may have some protective effects on Hg, Cd and Pb intoxication by reducing the accumulation m tissues and increasing excretion. This study also showed the effective way of using duck-extract and its application to the oriental medicine.

Frequency and Type of Disputed rpoB Mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from South Korea

Jo, Kyung-Wook,Lee, Soyeon,Kang, Mi Ran,Sung, Heungsup,Kim, Mi-Na,Shim, Tae Sun The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2017 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.80 No.3

Background: A disputed rpoB mutation is a specific type of rpoB mutation that can cause low-level resistances to rifampin (RIF). Here, we aimed to assess the frequency and types of disputed rpoB mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from South Korea. Methods: Between August 2009 and December 2015, 130 patients exhibited RIF resistance on the MTBDRplus assay at Asan Medical Center. Among these cases, we identified the strains with disputed rpoB mutation by rpoB sequencing analysis, as well as among the M. tuberculosis strains from the International Tuberculosis Research Center (ITRC). Results: Among our cases, disputed rpoB mutations led to RIF resistance in at least 6.9% (9/130) of the strains that also exhibited RIF resistance on the MTBDRplus assay. Moreover, at the ITRC, sequencing of the rpoB gene of 170 strains with the rpoB mutation indicated that 23 strains (13.5%) had the disputed mutations. By combining the findings from the 32 strains from our center and the ITRC, we identified the type of disputed rpoB mutation as follows: CTG511CCG (L511P, n=8), GAC516TAC (D516Y, n=8), CTG533CCG (L533P, n=8), CAC526CTC (H526L, n=4), CAC526AAC (H526N, n=3), and ATG515GTG (M515V, n=1). Conclusion: Disputed rpoB mutations do not seem to be rare among the strains exhibiting RIF resistance in South Korea.

Chronic saponin treatment attenuates damage to the pancreas in chronic alcohol-treated diabetic rats

Mi Ran Choi,Su Min Kwak,Sol Hee Bang,Jo-Eun Jeong,Dai-Jin Kim 고려인삼학회 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.4

Background: Chronic heavy alcohol consumption may raise the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Saponins inhibit apoptosis of pancreatic islet cells and reduce lipid parameters. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of saponin on chronic ethanol-treated diabetic rats. Methods: LongeEvans Tokushima Fatty (LETO) and Otsuka LongeEvans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats were pair-fed a LiebereDeCarli diet with and without 5% ethanol for 12 wks. Two weeks after starting the pair-feeding with the LiebereDeCarli diet, intraperitoneal injection of saponin was performed for 10 wks. To perform the experiments, rats were divided as follows: LETO-Control (LC), LETO-Ethanol (LE), LETOEthanol-Saponin (LES), OLETF-Control (OC), OLETF-Ethanol (OE), and OLETF-Ethanol-Saponin (OES). Results: The weights of epididymal and mesenteric fat tissue in LES and OES rats were the lightest from among the LETO and OLETF groups, respectively. The secretion of alanine aminotransferase and cholesterol in OES rats decreased significantly compared to their secretion in OC and OE rats, respectively. The islets of the pancreas in LE and OE rats showed clean, unclear, and smaller morphology compared to those of LC, LES, OC, and OES rats. In addition, the expression of insulin in the islets of the pancreas in LC, LES, OC, and OES rats was higher than in LE and OE rats. Conclusion: Saponin may not only be helpful in alleviating the rapid progress of diabetes due to chronic alcohol consumption in diabetic patients, but may also show potential as an antidiabetic drug candidate for diabetic patients who chronically consume alcohol.

Altered Plasma Levels of Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Patients with Internet Gaming Disorder: A Case-Control, Pilot Study

Jo-Eun Jeong,Soo-Hyun Paik,Mi Ran Choi,Hyun Cho,Jung-Seok Choi,Sam-Wook Choi,Dai-Jin Kim 대한신경정신의학회 2019 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.16 No.6

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) has been reported to be involved in negatively regulating the effects of addictive disorders. The objective of this study was to investigate alterations in the levels of GDNF in patients with Internet gaming disorder (IGD) and to assess the relationship between GDNF levels and the severity of IGD indices. Nineteen male patients with IGD and 19 sexmatched control subjects were evaluated for alteration of plasma GDNF levels and for relationship between GDNF levels and clinical characteristics of Internet gaming, including the Young’s Internet Addiction Test (Y-IAT). The GDNF levels were found to be significantly low in patients with IGD (103.2±62.0 pg/mL) compared with the levels of controls (245.2±101.6 pg/mL, p<0.001). GDNF levels were negatively correlated with Y-IAT scores (Spearman’s rho=-0.645, p=<0.001) and this negative correlation remained even after controlling for multiple variables (r=-0.370, p=0.048). These findings support the assumed role of GDNF in the regulation of IGD.

Dose sparing strategy with intradermal influenza vaccination in patients with solid cancer

Jo, Yu Mi,Song, Joon Young,Hwang, In Sook,Lee, Jacob,Oh, Sang Cheul,Kim, Jun Suk,Kim, Sung Ran,Kim, Woo Joo,Cheong, Hee Jin Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 Journal of medical virology Vol.81 No.4

<P>Influenza vaccine is considered to reduce influenza-related morbidity and mortality in patients with underlying chronic medical conditions. Because of fear of vaccine shortage during an influenza pandemic, several antigen sparing strategies have been investigated. The immunogenicity of intradermal influenza vaccination with one half the antigenic contents was compared to that of conventional intramuscular vaccination in patients with solid cancer, and adverse events were assessed after vaccination. There was no significant difference between the injection routes in the hemagglutinin inhibition (HI) response and increase in the titer of A/H1N1, A/H3N2, and B 4–6 weeks after the vaccination; seroconversion factors increased by more than 2.5-fold. Seroresponse rates were more than 40% and seroprotection rates were above 70% against all three influenza strains irrespective of the vaccination routes. No serious events were observed, and local skin reactions were more frequent in the intradermal injection recipients than in the intramuscular recipients (32.7% vs. 9.1%). This study shows that intradermal injection of one half the dose of a commercial influenza vaccine elicits immune responses comparable to those elicited by a full dose of intramuscular vaccine among cancer patients, and it can be tolerated without serious adverse reactions. J. Med. Virol. 81:722–727, 2009 © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</P>

건강한 성인에서 인플루엔자 백신의 근육내 주사와 절반 용량 피부내 주사의 면역원성과 안전성 비교

조유미,기세윤,송준영,최원석,김정연,서유빈,정혜원,김우주,정희진,김성란,황인숙 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.5

Background : Influenza is the representative respiratory infectious disease causing significant high morbidity. Vaccination is the most effective method to prevent influenza. To cope with both unstable supply and increasing demand of influenza vaccine with more flexibility, we studied the safety and immunogenicity of half dose intradermal injection of influenza vaccine in healthy adults compared with full dose intramuscular injection method. Materials and Methods : We conducted a randomized, open-label trial in healthy adults of age 15 to 64 years. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either a recommended dose of influenza vaccine (Fluarix^(R), Injection Prefilled Syringe, GlaxoSmithKline, hemagglutinin antigen (HA) 15 ?g) via intramuscular route (designated as control group) or a half recommended dose (HA 7.5 ?g) via intradermal route (designated as experimental group). Blood samplings were done before and more than 28 days after vaccination. We measured the changes in hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) antibody titers and compared geometric mean titers, seroconversion rates, seroconversion factors and seroprotection rates of each group. Local and systemic adverse events were assessed after vaccination. Results : In antibody titer against all three antigens (A/H1N1, A/H3N2, B) was more evident in intramuscular injection group but intradermal group with half dose showed acceptable immunogenicity fulfilling criteria for Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products (CPMP). Likewise, seroprotection rates for all three viral strains showed no significant difference between the two groups. Although local reactions were significantly more frequent and lengthy in intradermal group than in intramuscular group, the reactions were mild and transient. Conclusion : Compared with intramuscular injection of full dose influenza vaccine, intradermal injection of half dose resulted in comparable immunogenicity in healthy adults. Intradermal administration of half dose influenza vaccine could be a practical alternative plan to expand the supplies of influenza vaccine, but further studies will be needed in high risk groups. 목적 : 인플루엔자는 매년 높은 이환율을 보이는 대표적인 호흡기 감염질환으로 백신 주사는 가장 효과적인 인플루엔자 예방법이다. 인플루엔자 백신 공급의 불안정, 백신 수요량의 증가에 보다 탄력적으로 대응하기 위하여 상용량보다 적은 용량의 백신(절반 용량)을 기존의 근육내 주사가 아닌 피부내 주사함으로써 충분한 방어항체가 형성되는지의 여부를 건강한 성인을 대상으로 알아보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 15-64세의 건강한 성인 자원자를 대상으로 무작위 개방표지시험(randomized, open-label trial)을 시행하였다. 이들을 실험군과 대조군으로 나누었고, 대조군에게는 인플루엔자 백신 제 용량(full-dose)을 근육 내 주사하였고 실험군에게는 인플루엔자 백신 절반 용량(l/2-dose)을 피부내 주사하였다. 주사 전과 주사 28일 이후에 혈구응집억제(HAI) 항체 검사를 시행하여 각 군의 기하평균 역가(geometric mean titer), 혈청전환율(seroconversion rate), 혈청전환인자(seroconversion factor), 혈청보호율(seroprotection rate)을 비교하였다. 또한 백신 주사 이후 국소적, 전신적 이상 반응 여부를 평가하였다. 결과: A/H1N1, A/H3N2, B의 세 항원에 대하여 근육내 주사 군에서 항체가의 상승이 보다 뚜렷하였으나 피부내 주사 군 역시 절반 용량 투여에도 불구하고 Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products (CPMP) 기준을 만족하는 면역원성을 나타내었다. 또한 세 바이러스주 모두에 대한 혈청보호율은 두 주사 방법 간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 백신 주사 후의 국소적 부작용은피부내 주사에서 더 빈번하고 오래 지속되었다. 그러나 이러한 부작용은 경미하였고 일시적이었다. 결론 : 인플푸엔자 백신을 권장량의 절반 용량으로 피부내 주사한 경우 제 용량을 근육내 주사한 경우와 유사한 면역원성을 나타내었다. 인플루엔자 백신의 피부내 주사는 백신 공급의 확대를 위한 현실적인 대안이 될 수 있을 것이나 고위험군에서의 추가 연구가 필요할 것이다.

Feasibility Study of Early Oral Intake after Gastrectomy for Gastric Carcinoma

Jo, Dong-Hoon,Jeong, Oh,Sun, Jang-Won,Jeong, Mi-Ran,Ryu, Seong-Yeop,Park, Young-Kyu The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2011 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.11 No.2

Purpose: Despite the compelling scientific and clinical data supporting the use of early oral nutrition after major gastrointestinal surgery, traditional bowel rest and intravenous nutrition for several postoperative days is still being used widely after gastric cancer surgery. Materials and Methods: A phase II study was carried out to evaluate the feasibility and safety of postoperative early oral intake (water intake on postoperative days (POD) 1-2, and soft diet on POD 3) after a gastrectomy. The primary outcome was morbidity within 30 postoperative days, which was targeted at <25% based on pilot study data. Results: The study subjects were 90 males and 42 females with a mean age 61.5 years. One hundred and four (79%) and 28 (21%) patients underwent a distal and total gastrectomy, respectively. The postoperative morbidity rate was within the targeted range (15.2%, 95% CI, 10.0~22.3%), and there was no hospital mortality. Of the 132 patients, 117 (89%) successfully completed a postoperative early oral intake regimen without deviation; deviation in 10 (8%) due to gastrointestinal symptoms and in five (4%) due to the management of postoperative complications. The mean times to water intake and a soft diet were $1.0{\pm}0.2$ and $3.2{\pm}0.7$ days, respectively, and the mean hospital stay was $10.0{\pm}6.1$ days. Conclusions: Postoperative early oral intake after a gastrectomy is feasible and safe, and can be adopted as a standard perioperative care after a gastrectomy. Nevertheless, further clinical trials will be needed to evaluate the benefits of early oral nutrition after upper gastrointestinal surgery.

성전환자와 정상인이 발성한 모음의 음향분석과 지각실험

조성미,정옥란 한국음성과학회 2003 음성과학 Vol.10 No.3

This study compared F0 and the first three formants of eight Korean monophthongs produced by nine transgenters (male to female) to those of eighteen normal adults. Voice analysis was done by Praa (version 4.4049). A one-way ANOVA wih Turkey HSD post hoc tests were performed to determine statistical differences in F0 and forma values obtained from transgender, and normal male and female subjects. Results indicated that there was no significant difference in F1 of /u/, /Λ/, and /o/, F2 of /u/, /Λ/, and /i/ and F3 of /u/ among the 3 groups (transgender, normal males and normal females). However, in the comparison of transgender vs. males, a significant difference was observed in F0 of /o/, and F2 of /i/, /a/, /e/, and /ae/ an F3 of /e/. Furthermore in the comparison of transgender vs. females, a significant difference was also observed in F0 of all vowels, F1 of /i/, /a/, /e/, /ae/, and /i/, F2 of /i/, an /ae/, an F3 of /i/, /a/, /Λ/, /e/, /ae/, /i/, an /o/. Also, perceptual judgment of the transgender' voice came out somewhat correlated strongly with their F0 values but not much with the formant values. It was concluded that he transgender' acoustic parameters are plead in between those of the normal males and females in terms of fundamental and formant frequency analyses of vowels. Thus, it was assumed that those differences might stem from the transgender' original big resonating cavities.