아스팔트 콘크리트의 고온변형저항 특성 측정방법 개발

김광우,이문섭,김중렬,이순제 강원대학교 부설 석재복합신소재 제품연구센터 2002 석재연 논문집 Vol.7 No.-

본 연구는 정하중하에서 아스팔트 혼합물의 소성변형 저항특성을 측정할 수 있는 새로운 시험방법을 개발하기 위하여 수행되었다. 2가지 골재(편마암, 화강암)와 6가지 아스팔트(일반아스팔트, 5가지 개질 아스팔트)를 사용하여 총 12개의 밀입도 혼합물을 제작하였다. 마샬 배합설계를 통해 최적아스팔트 함량을 구하고, 결정된 최적아스팔트 함량으로 마샬공시체(S=10 cm)와 자이레토리 공시체(S=15cm)를 제작하여 마샬안정도시험, 휠 트랙킹 시험, 개발된 김테스트(Kim -test)를 수행하였다. 김테스트는 공시체와 하중봉을 지지할 수 있는 김시험장치(Kim tester)를 이용하여 하단이 반경(r) 0.5 또는 1.0cm로 원형절삭한 직경(D) 3cm, 4cm의 하중봉을 사용한다. 또한 재하는 마샬 하중재하 장치를 사용하여 공시체를 60℃ 수조에 30분동안 수침시킨 후 실시되었다. 정하중은 공시체의 직경방향이 아닌 축 방향으로 50 mm/min가 가해졌고, 최대하중(P_max)과 수직변형(y)이 측정되었다. 마샬안정도시험과 간접인장강도시험에서 얻어지는 것과 유사한 곡선이 각각의 시험에서 얻어졌다. 강도값은 P_max, r, y 및 H(=D-2r)을 이용한 K_D=4P_max/π(H+2√(2ry-y^2))^2식을 통하여 계산하였고, 이를 변형강도(kgf/㎠)로 정의하였다. 실험결과, 공시체 직경이나 골재종류보다는 하중봉과 하중봉 하단의 원형처리 여부가 K_D와 P_max 값에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 통계분석결과에서 K_D가 소성변형 깊이와 동적 안정도에 높은 상관성을 보였다. 향후 연구를 통해 K_D의 유효성이 검증된다면, Kim-test는 아스팔트 혼합물의 소성변형 저항성을 판단할 수 있는 시험방법으로 사용될 수 있을 것이다. This study dealt with developing a new approach for finding properties which might represent rut resistance characteristics of asphalt mixture under static loading. Two aggregates, a normal asphalt (pen 60-70) and 5 PMAs were used in preparation of 12 dense-grade mixtures. Marshall mix design was used in determination of the optimum asphalt content (OAC) and each mixture at the OAC was prepared for a newly-developed Kim test on Marshall specimen (S=10 cm) and gyratory specimen (S=15cm), and for wheel tracking test. Kim test used Marshall loading frame and the specimen was conditioned for 30min at 60℃ before loading through Kim tester, and apparatus consisting of a loading column and a specimen and column holder. Diameter (D) of column was 3cm and 4cm with each column having different radius (r) of round cut at the bottom. The static load was applied at 50mm/min in axial direction of the specimen, not in diameteral direction, and the maximum load (P_max) and vertical deformation (y) at the maximum load point were measured. A curve, similar to the one from a Marshall test or static indirect tensile strength test was obtained from each test. A strength value was calculated based on the P_max, H(=D-2r). r and y by using the equation K_D=4P_max/π(H+2√(2ry-y^2))^2 and is defined as deformation strength (kgf/㎠). The values of P_max/y and K_I=K-D/y were also calculated to see if these have any correlation with rutting. In general, D and r were significant factors affecting K_D, while specimen size was not. The statistical analyses results showed the K_D had the best correlation with rut depth and dynamic stability. The next best correlation was found from P_max which was followed by P_max/y and K_I in order. Therefore, K_D can be used for selecting the highly resistable asphalt mixture against permanent deformation.

烏貝散이 흰쥐 胃의 Gastrin, Histamine, Somatostatin 면역반응세포에 미치는 영향

이시섭,나현욱,고병문,이광규,이창현 대한동의병리학회 2001 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.15 No.5

To investigate the elects on the administration of Opae-san in rats. Opae-san (500mg/day) and omeprazole(10mg/day) were administration with stomach tube for 4 weeks and 8 weeks. This experiment were investigated numerical change of immunoreactive cells of gastric, histamine and somatostatin in rat stomach mucosa by the immunohistochemical method. The results were as follows : 1. In Opae-san administration group for 4 weeks, the number of gastric immunoreactive cells were increased in one and a half times than that of control group. In omeprazole administration group for 4 weeks, the number of gastric immunoreactive cells were increased in four times than that of control group. In Opae-san administration group for 8 weeks, the number of gastric immunoreactive cells were increased four times than that of control group. In omeprazole administration group for 8 weeks, the number of gastrin immunoreactive cells were increased in six times than that of control group. 2. In Opae-san administration group for 4 weeks, the number of histamine immunoreactive cells were increased in two times than that of control group. In omeprazole administration group for 4 weeks, the number of histamine immunoreactive cells were increased in six times than that of control group. In Opae-san administration group for 8 weeks, the number of histamine immunoreactive cells were increased three times than that of control group. In omeprazole administration group for 8 week, the number of histamine immunoreactive cells were increased in seven times than that of control group. These results suggest that Opae-san extracts inhibit the secretion of gastric acid and this extract use to therapeutic herb of gastric disorders related to the hyperacidity and gastric ulcer.

동북아 고대 해상무역제도에 관한 고찰 : 장보고의 통상네트워크와 관련하여

윤광운,박명섭,김재승,손성문 국제무역학회 2002 국제무역연구 Vol.8 No.1

본 연구는 통상사적 측면과 무역상무론적 관점에서 9세기 동북아 해상교역환경과 장보고의 해상무역의 실체를 규명함으로써 오늘날 동북아지역간의 통상협력을 통한 발전방향을 모색하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해서 본 연구에서는 9세기 통일신라, 중국의 당나라 및 일본을 중심으로 한 동북아지역의 해상교역제도의 일반환경과 발전요소를 분석하고, 장보고 해상무역의 특성 및 교역관행 그리고 물적·인적 네트워크를 통한 동북아 통상네트워크 기반을 분석하고 있다. 특히 동북아지역 통상네트워크의 구축을 기반으로 하고 있는 장보고 해상교역의 특성으로 우선 지리적으로는 고대 동북아지역을 중심으로 한 통일신라의 청해진과 중국 당대의 산동성 법화원 그리고 일본의 하까다지점을 연결하는 해상교역네트워크를 구축한 점이고 둘째, 해상교역관행으로 주로 중계무역형태와 선불제도관행, 통상정책적 제반활동을 수행한 점과 셋째, 해상교역의 주요 수단으로 신라의 항해술과 당대의 발달된 조선술을 기초로 하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 이러한 점은 해상교역을 통하여 새로운 시장과 제품, 신사고라는 국제교역의 동기를 바탕으로 하여, 오늘날에도 여전히 국제무역의 주요 요인으로서 향후 동북아지역의 새로운 통상환경의 기반을 더욱 촉진할 필요가 있다. The purpose of this paper is to survey the ancient marine trade in Northeast Asian Area and present the directions for developing through the economical cooperations among Korea, China and Japan in Northeast Asian district. In order to achieve of above purposes, this paper investigated the environments of marine trade and the practices of Changbogo's marine trade focus on Silla, Tang in China and Japan in the 9th century. The features of Changbogo's marine trade are as follows: First, geographically, Changbogo constructed marine trade network linking in Silla, Tang, Japan, in the center of ancient Northeast Asian areas Second, Types of marine trade is largely today's intermediary trade Third, His marine trade depended on the technical improvement of navigation and shipbuilding. These things are also central factors of today's international trade and they are necessary to open up a new market through the marine trade.

제품구조와 조립공정을 고려한 제품의 복잡도 평가

목학수,문광섭 한국경영과학회 1998 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.1

In this paper, the complexity of subassembly or assembly product was evaluated quantitatively considering the product structure and assembly process. To evaluate the complexity of the product, electric home appliances or subassembly of automobiles was analyzed and then characteristics of part and subassembly was determined according to product structure, assembly process and definition of complexity. Evaluation criteria of complexity were determined considering each characteristics of part and subassembly. Experiential evaluation was accomplished by classified evaluation criteria and time-motion evaluation was accomplished by the relational motion factor with characteristics of part and subassembly in MTM and Work Factor. The total complexity of product was determined by experiential evaluation and time-motion evaluation.

Development of a Theranostic Convergence Bioradiopharmaceutical for Immuno-PET Based Radioimmunotherapy of L1CAM in Cholangiocarcinoma Model

Song, In Ho,Jeong, Mun Sik,Hong, Hyo Jeong,Shin, Jong Il,Park, Yong Serk,Woo, Sang-Keun,Moon, Byung Seok,Kim, Kwang Il,Lee, Yong Jin,Kang, Joo Hyun,Lee, Tae Sup American Association for Cancer Research 2019 Clinical Cancer Research Vol.25 No.20

<P><B>Purpose:</B></P><P>Cholangiocarcinoma is a malignancy of bile duct with a poor prognosis. Conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy are generally ineffective, and surgical resection is the only curative treatment for cholangiocarcinoma. L1-cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) has been known as a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target for cholangiocarcinoma. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of immuno-PET imaging–based radioimmunotherapy using radiolabeled anti-L1CAM antibody in cholangiocarcinoma xenograft model.</P><P><B>Experimental Design:</B></P><P>We prepared a theranostic convergence bioradiopharmaceutical using chimeric anti-L1CAM antibody (cA10-A3) conjugated with 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (NOTA) chelator and labeled with <SUP>64</SUP>Cu or <SUP>177</SUP>Lu and evaluated the immuno-PET or SPECT/CT imaging and biodistribution with <SUP>64</SUP>Cu-/<SUP>177</SUP>Lu-cA10-A3 in various cholangiocarcinoma xenograft models. Therapeutic efficacy and response monitoring were performed by <SUP>177</SUP>Lu-cA10-A3 and <SUP>18</SUP>F-FDG-PET, respectively, and immunohistochemistry was done by TUNEL and Ki-67.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>Radiolabeled cA10-A3 antibodies specifically recognized L1CAM <I>in vitro</I>, clearly visualized cholangiocarcinoma tumors in immuno-PET and SPECT/CT imaging, and differentiated the L1CAM expression level in cholangiocarcinoma xenograft models. <SUP>177</SUP>Lu-cA10-A3 (12.95 MBq/100 μg) showed statistically significant reduction in tumor volumes (<I>P</I> < 0.05) and decreased glucose metabolism (<I>P</I> < 0.01). IHC analysis revealed <SUP>177</SUP>Lu-cA10-A3 treatment increased TUNEL-positive and decreased Ki-67-positive cells, compared with saline, cA10-A3, or <SUP>177</SUP>Lu-isotype.</P><P><B>Conclusions:</B></P><P>Anti-L1CAM immuno-PET imaging using <SUP>64</SUP>Cu-cA10-A3 could be translated into the clinic for characterizing the pharmacokinetics and selecting appropriate patients for radioimmunotherapy. Radioimmunotherapy using <SUP>177</SUP>Lu-cA10-A3 may provide survival benefit in L1CAM-expressing cholangiocarcinoma tumor. Theranostic convergence bioradiopharmaceutical strategy would be applied as imaging biomarker-based personalized medicine in L1CAM-expressing patients with cholangiocarcinoma.</P>

Determination of chlorogenic acids and caffeine in homemade brewed coffee prepared under various conditions

Jeon, Jong-Sup,Kim, Han-Taek,Jeong, Il-Hyung,Hong, Se-Ra,Oh, Moon-Seog,Park, Kwang-Hee,Shim, Jae-Han,Abd El-Aty, A.M. Elsevier 2017 Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technolog Vol.1064 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Coffee, a complex mixture of more than 800 volatile compounds, is one of the most valuable commodity in the world, whereas caffeine and chlorogenic acids (CGAs) are the most common compounds. CGAs are mainly composed of caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs), dicaffeoylquinic acids (diCQAs), and feruloylquinic acids (FQAs). The major CGAs in coffee are neochlorogenic acid (3-CQA), cryptochlorogenic acid (4-CQA), and chlorogenic acid (5-CQA). Many studies have shown that it is possible to separate the isomers of FQAs by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). However, some authors have shown that it is not possible to separate 4-feruloylquinic acid (4-FQA) and 5-feruloylquinic acid (5-FQA) by HPLC. Therefore, the present study was designated to investigate the chromatographic problems in the determination of CGAs (seven isomers) and caffeine using HPLC-DAD. The values of determination coefficient (<I>R<SUP>2</SUP> </I>) calculated from external-standard calibration curves were >0.998. The recovery rates conducted at 3 spiking levels ranged from 99.4% to 106.5% for the CGAs and from 98.8% to 107.1% for the caffeine. The precision values (expressed as relative standard deviations (RSDs)) were <7% and <3% for intra and interday variability, respectively. The tested procedure proved to be robust. The seven CGAs isomers except 4-FQA and 5-FQA were well distinguished and all gave good peak shapes. We have found that 4-FQA and 5-FQA could not be separated using HPLC. The method was extended to investigate the effects of different brewing conditions such as the roasting degree of green coffee bean, coffee-ground size, and numbers of boiling-water pours, on the concentration of CGAs and caffeine in homemade brewed coffee, using nine green coffee bean samples of different origins. It was reported that medium-roasted, fine-ground coffees brewed using three pours of boiling water were the healthiest coffee with fluent CGAs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Chromatographic problems were solved to determine the quantities of various chlorogenic acids (CGAs) in coffee. </LI> <LI> HPLC method was developed for the separation of CGAs and caffeine. </LI> <LI> Effects of different conditions on the quantities of CGAs and caffeine in brewed coffee were evaluated. </LI> <LI> The major chlorogenic acid was 5-caffeoylquinic acid (not 3-caffeoylquinic acid). </LI> <LI> Medium-roasted fine-ground coffees brewed using three pours of boiling water were the healthiest. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Immuno-PET Imaging and Radioimmunotherapy of ⁶⁴Cu-/¹⁷⁷Lu-Labeled Anti-EGFR Antibody in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Model

Song, In Ho,Lee, Tae Sup,Park, Yong Serk,Lee, Jin Sook,Lee, Byung Chul,Moon, Byung Seok,An, Gwang Il,Lee, Hae Won,Kim, Kwang Il,Lee, Yong Jin,Kang, Joo Hyun,Lim, Sang Moo Society of Nuclear Medicine 2016 The Journal of nuclear medicine Vol.57 No.7

<P>Immuno-PET provides valuable information about tumor location, phenotype, susceptibility to therapy, and treatment response, especially to targeted radioimmunotherapy. In this study, we prepared antiepidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody via identical chelator, 3,6,9,15-tetraazabicyclo[9.3.1]-pentadeca-1(15),1 1,13-trience-3,6,9,-triacetic acid (PCTA), labeled with Cu-64 or Lu-177 to evaluate the EGFR expression levels using immuno-PET and the feasibility of radioimmunotherapy in an esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) model. Methods: Cetuximab was conjugated with p-SCN-Bn-PCTA and radiolabeled with Cu-64 or Lu-177. In vitro EGFR expression levels were determined and compared using flow cytometry and cell binding assay. In vivo EGFR expression levels were evaluated via immuno-PET imaging of Cu-64-cetuximab and biodistribution analysis. Micro-SPECT/CT imaging, biodistribution, and radioimmunotherapy studies of Lu-177-cetuximab were performed in the ESCC model. Therapeutic responses were monitored using F-18-FDG PET and immunohistochemical staining. Results: Cu-64- or Lu-177-labeled antibodies showed high radiolabeling yield (>98%), stability (>90%), and favorable immunoreactivity. In vitro EGFR status measured by cell binding assay was correlated with the flow cytometry data. Immuno-PET, micro-SPECT/CT, and biodistribution demonstrated specific uptake in ESCC tumors depending on the EGFR expression levels. Tumor accumulation of Cu-64- and Lu-177-cetuximab was peaked at 48 and 120 h, respectively. Radioimmunotherapy with Lu-177-cetuximab showed significant inliibition of tumor growth (P < 0.01) and marked reduction of F-18-FDG SUV compared with that of control (P < 0.05) Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling positivity and Ki-67 staining indices increased and decreased, respectively, in the radioimmunotherapy group compared with other groups (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Cu-64-cetuximab immuno-PET represented EGFR expression levels in ESCC tumors, and Lu-177-cetuximab radioimmunotherapy effectively inhibited the tumor growth. The diagnostic and therapeutic convergence radiopharmaceutical Cu-64-/Lu-177-PCTA-cetuximab may be useful as a diagnostic tool in patient selection and a potent radioimmunotherapy agent in EGFR-positive ESCC tumors.</P>

A Simulation Method for Modeling the Morphology and Characteristics of Electrospun Polymeric Nanowebs

Moon Hwo Seo,Kwang Soo Cho,Jung Rim Haw,Hyung Sup Kim,Dae Woong Kim 한국고분자학회 2005 Macromolecular Research Vol.13 No.2

Pitch 계 활성탄소섬유를 이용한 NO_2 흡착

문승현,전상구,신대현,김광호,오창섭 한국화학공학회 2002 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.40 No.2

핏치계 활성탄소섬유(ACF)를 1,100℃에서 열처리하거나 원료 그대로 사용하여 NO_2 250-1,000 ppm, O_2 0-10%, 반응온도 30-70℃의 조건에서 NO_2의 흡착 및 환원 특성을 고찰하였다. TPD 실험과 DRIFTS 분석으로 NO_2 흡착종을 분석하였다. ACF상에서 NO_2는 빠른 속도로 환원과 흡착이 이루어졌고, 반응온도가 상승할수록 흡착파과점의 출현이 빨라졌으며 정상상태에서 NO_2흡착/환원 비가 증가하였다. NO_2유입농도가 증가하면 흡착속도와 환원속도 모두 빨라져 파과점 역시 짧은 시간에 나타나고, ACF가 지니고 있는 활성점의 양이 일정함을 알 수 있었다. 산소농도 증가는 NO_2의 흡착속도 증가 및 환원속도 감소로 나타났는데 파과점의 출현은 흡착과 관계가 있음을 나타내었다. NO_2흡착 후의 TPD 실험에서 발생하는 가스의 O/N몰비는 흡착시간이 길수록 감소하였으며 일정한 값에 수렴하여 ACF에 흡착된 NO_2는 흡착시간이 길수록(흡착량이 증가할수록) 높은 산화상태에서 낮은 산화상태로 변화됨을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 사실은 DRIFTS 측정에서도 확인되었다. NO_2의 흡착과 환원반응에 관계하는 활성점을 파악하기 위하여 여러 가지 전처리로 ACF표면의 산소관능기 종류와 양을 조절하였고, 이들 시료에서 NO_2의 흡착실험을 한 결과 NO_2의 흡착점은 C=0이고 환원활성점은 vacant carbon이라는 것을 확인하였다. Adsorption and reduction of NO_2 over pitch based ACFs as received and calcined at 1,100℃ were studied in the ranges of concentrations (NO_2: 250-1,000ppm, O_2: 0-10%) and temperatures (30-70℃). Temperature-programmed-desorption(TPD) and Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRIFTS) were also applied to analyze adsorbed NO_2 species. Pitch based ACFs showed rapid NO_2 reduction and adsorption. A higher reaction temperature of 70℃ decreased the ratio of NO_2 adsorption to reduction in the stationary state and shortened the time to the breakthrough. Higher NO_2 concentration increased the rates of both adsorption and reduction to shorten breakthrough time, whereas oxygen changed NO_2 profiles, by enhancing NO_2 adsorption rate and decreasing both reduction rate and capacity. The mole ratio of O/N evolved from TPD decreased and converged to a constant value according to NO_2 adsorption time, showing that NO_x species adsorbed on the ACF changed its oxidation state from higher to lower one along with the time of NO_2 adsorption. Such a trend was confirmed by the DRIFTS spectra of the adsorbed NO_2 over the ACF. To investigate active sites for NO_2 adsorption and reduction, the amount and types of oxygen functional groups were controlled by various pre-treatment. NO_2 adsorption on these pre-treated ACF showed that NO_2 adsorption site was C=0 and NO_2 reduction site was vacant carbon.

3차원 탄성파 토모그래피의 현장 적용(Ⅰ)

문윤섭(Moon Yoon-Sup),하희상(Ha Hee-Sang),고광범(Ko Kwang-Buem),김지수(Kim Ji-Soo) 한국암반공학회 2008 터널과지하공간 Vol.18 No.3

이 논문은3차원 탄성파 토모그래피의3차원 초동주시 및 역산 알고리즘의 개발과 수치모형 실험을 통하여3차원 토모그래피 기법의 현장 적용성을 고찰한 연구이다.3차원 탄성파 주시토모그래피 기법의 현장 적용성을 담보하기 위해서는 한정된 송수신 커버리지에 기인하는 암영대가 발생하지 않아야 하고 또한 경제적인 관점에서 자료처리에 소요되는 시간이 합리적이어야 한다. 이 연구에서는 한정된 송수신 커버리지 문제를 극복하기 위하여 파선 폭의 확장기법의 하나인 프레넬 볼륨에 근거한3차원 주시 토모그래피 알고리즘을 개발하였다. 또한 3차원 토모그래피 수행에 요구되는 정밀도와 경제성을 확보하기 위해 Fast Marching Method(FMM)을 이용한 초동주시 알고리즘을 선택하였으며 수치모형 실험을 통하여 합리적인 모델변수를 결정하였다. 3차원 고립형 이상체 및 경사진 층서구조 수치모형에 대한 3차원 탄성파속도 입방체를 도출함으로써 개발된 알고리즘의 타당성 및 현장 적용성을 고찰하였다. 재구성된 탄성파 입방체는 원 수치모형과 대비한 결과 상호 부합하는 결과를 확인함으로써3차원 토모그래피 알고리즘의 타당성 및 현장 적용성을 검증하였다. In this study, theoretical approach of 3D seismic traveltime tomography was investigated. To guarantee the successful field application of 3D tomography, appropriate control of problem associated with blind zone is pre-requisite. To overcome the velocity distortion of the reconstructed tomogram due to insufficient source-receiver array coverage, the algorithm of 3D seismic traveltime tomography based on the Fresnel volume was developed as a technique of ray-path broadening. For the successful reconstruction of velocity cube, 3D traveltime algorithm was explored and employed on the basis of 2nd order Fast Marching Method(FMM), resulting in improvement of precision and accuracy. To prove the validity and field application of this algorithm, two numerical experiments were performed for globular and layered models. The algorithm was also found to be successfully applicable to field data.