Ethanol Extract of Ganoderma lucidum Augments Cellular Anti-oxidant Defense through Activation of Nrf2/HO-1

Lee, Yoo-hwan,Kim, Jung-hee,Song, Choon-ho,Jang, Kyung-jeon,kim, Cheol-hong,Kang, Ji-Sook,Choi, Yung-hyun,Yoon, Hyun-Min KOREAN PHARMACOPUNCTURE INSTITUTE 2016 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.19 No.1

Objectives: The mushroom Ganoderma lucidum has been widely used as a traditional herbal medicine for many years. Although several studies have focused on the anti-oxidative activity of this mushroom, the molecular mechanisms underlying its activity have not yet been clearly established. The present study investigated the cytoprotective effect of ethanol extract of Ganoderma lucidum (EGL) against oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide, $H_2O_2$) and elucidated the underlying mechanisms in a C2C12 myoblast cell line. Methods: Oxidative stress markers were determined by using the comet assay to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage. Cell viability and Western blotting analyses were employed to evaluate the cellular response to EGL and $H_2O_2$ in C2C12 cells. Transfection with nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-specific small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) was conducted to understand the relationship between Nrf2 expression and $H_2O_2$-induced growth inhibition. Results: The results showed that EGL effectively inhibited $H_2O_2$-induced growth and the generation of ROS. EGL markedly suppressed $H_2O_2$-induced comet-like DNA formation and phosphorylation of histone H2AX at serine 139 ($p-{\gamma}H2AX$), a widely used marker of DNA damage, suggesting that EGL prevented $H_2O_2$-induced DNA damage. Furthermore, the EGL treatment effectively induced the expression of Nrf2, as well as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), with parallel phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in the C2C12 myoblasts. However, zinc protoporphyrin IX, a HO-1 inhibitor, significantly abolished the protective effects of EGL against $H_2O_2$-induced accumulation of ROS and reduced cell growth. Notably, transient transfection with Nrf2-specific siRNA attenuated the cytoprotective effects and HO-1 induction by EGL, indicating that EGL induced the expression of HO-1 in an Nrf2-dependent manner. Conclusion: Collectively, these results demonstrate that EGL augments the cellular anti-oxidant defense capacity through activation of Nrf2/HO-1, thereby protecting C2C12 myoblasts from $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative cytotoxicity.

The Antioxidant Effect of the Rhaponticum uniflorum Extracts on the Oxidative Stress in H₂O₂ induced Human Keratinocytes

So Hee Ahn,Won Yeoung Choi,Ji Won Jeong,Geon Woo Park,Su Yeon Kang,Eun Jeong Kim,Su Rim Sin,Eun Seo Jang,Gye Won Lee,Young Ho Cho 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10

In this study, To investigate the antioxidant activities of Rhaponticum uniflorum extracts (RUE), we assessed scavenging activities on DPPH, ABTS radicals, and reducing power. The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities (SC50) of RUE were 96.97±1.19 μg/mL and 31.26±0.13 μ g/mL, respectively, and the reducing power significantly increased dose-dependent manner. To study the antioxidant effecters of RUE in H₂O₂ induced human keratinocytes, expression of Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were determined by Western blot and qRT-PCR. RUE induced the expression of HO-1, a critical target enzyme of Nrf2, in a concentration-dependent manner. The expression of HO- 1 mRNA was also induced in H₂O₂-treated HaCaT cells but no significant difference in the level of HO-1 mRNA was observed. Taken together, these results suggest that RUE may be useful as a potential ingredient for anti-aging products.

中國國有企業의 民營化改革에 관한 硏究

최장호,박영일 단국대학교 1999 論文集 Vol.34 No.-

Under the System of Chinese Socialism, the position and the role of state enterprises is very important in Chinese national economy. However, state enterprises were getting worse. The lack of efficiency and accumulated deficit caused the loss of government subsidies each year. Therefore, need of reform in state enterprises is evident. The reform with various new policies has begun from 1978 by planning and implementation. Chinese private enterprises has been taking rapid growth. But it still shows many problems. From these empirical studies, many problems of the privatization of state enterprises were found. Those are government interference, ownership structure, conditions of competitions between companies, financial difficulty and so on. As a conclusion, some solutions and future directions for more effective privatization of state enterprises were suggested. The reform of state enterprises in china may be the precedent of the reform of Korea's public enterprises.

개에 발생한 만성 승모판폐쇄부전증에 대한 Pimobendan 치료 1례

장재임,전형규,최호정,이영원,송근호 忠南大學校 獸醫科大學 附設 動物醫科學硏究所 2006 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.14 No.-

A 11-year-old intact male maltese dog with respiratory distress, cyanosis and coughing was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Chungnam National University. Loud holosystolic murmur with a palpable precordial thrill was heard at the left apex region by auscultation. Left sided cardiac enlargement and mitral regurgitated flow were detected by thoracic radiography and echocardiography, respectively. Clinical signs were improved by treatment of diuretics, ACE inhibitor and pimobendan.

관수된 충전칼럼에서의 압력손실

최동훈,신남철,김장호 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1998 硏究報告 Vol.21 No.1

In this work, an equation for determining the pressure drop of irrigated packings is introduced. This is built up from the well-known channel model. It is valid for the whole load range up to the flooding point. To apply the pressure drop formula, it is necessary to know the operating conditions, the liquid hold-up and the from factor μ specific to the packing element or group of packings. The method of calculating the pressure drop is illustrated by means of an example 1) The agreement obtained between the calculations and the experiments is regarded as good. As expected, the measurements below the loading line are reproduced more exactly-the average error ￣δ₁(△P/H) in Table l(a)-(c) is considerably less than 10%. The measurements above the loading limit including the pressure drop at the flooding point are reproduced with an average relative error ￣δ₂(△P/H) of about 15%. 2) Another advantage of the method chosen here the represent the pressure drop is that, by means of a packings element constant μ characteristic of almost every family of packing elements or group of packing elements of similar construction, it is easy to compare the pressure drop of the particular type of packing element and its height with other packing elements. The advantage of this model is that know-ledge of the dry pressure drop of the packing is not necessary. To reinforce the above dependences a numerical example is added with the help of which the determination of the pressure drop is demonstrated.

레슬링 선수들의 정신건강에 관한 연구

장호성,최종균,구용판 龍仁大學校 體育科學硏究所 2003 體育科學硏究論叢 Vol.13 No.1

The purpose of this study is to determine how a wrestler's sex, age, match experience and education level relate to his/her psychological health. A sample group was formed from 197 male and female players (senior high-school level or higher) who participated in the 2002 Korean Wrestling Tournament. The players are registered with the Korea Wrestling Federation. The questionnaire, which contained total 94 questions (i.e., 4 on sociodemographic characteristics and 90 on psychological health-related factors), showed the confidence level falling between .5006 and .8844 (Cronbach's alpha). The study, which relied on frequency analysis, t-test, One-way ANOVA, and Scheffe test, produced the following results. First, wrestlers' psychological health showed no statistically significant difference with regard to all sub-variables depending on sex. Second, wrestlers' psychological health showed a statistically significant difference regarding overall psychological health, somatizing disorder, obsession, oversensitivity to others, depression and hostility depending on age while no difference was noticed regarding insecurity, fear, paranoia and psychosis. Third, wrestlers' psychological health showed a statistically significant difference regarding overall psychological health, somatizing disorder, obsession, depression, paranoia and psychosis depending on match experience while no difference was noticed regarding oversensitivity to others, insecurity, hostility and fear. Fourth, wrestlers' psychological health showed a statistically significant difference regarding overall psychological health, somatizing disorder, obsession, depression, insecurity and hostility depending on education level while no difference was noticed regarding oversensitivity to others, fear, paranoia and psychosis.

남북상사중재위원회 중재규정초안작성상의 문제성과 기본원칙

최장호 韓國仲裁學會 2004 중재연구 Vol.14 No.2

The Drafting of Arbitration Rule of the Commercial Arbitration Committee of the South-North Korea is to be the basis of and important to the South-North Commercial Arbitration Committee. Therefore we should study and review carefully the drafting of Commercial Arbitration Rule of the Commercial Arbitration Committee of the South-North Korea. First of all, it's probable that the drafting of Commercial Arbitration Rule of the Commercial Arbitration Committee in South Korea should be written by the Commercial Arbitration Committee of South Korea and Korean arbitral body after these organizations are established and appointed. Second, it's probable that the Commercial Arbitration Committee of South Korea and the arbitral body in South Korea should be composed of private sector, not government officer mainly. Third, it's not recommendable that we make the ICSID intervene in appointment of arbitrator(s) of the Commercial Arbitration Committee of the South-North Korea when it's not agreed with between the South Korea and the North Korea. Forth, it's not recommendable that we, the South Korea write the only one South Korean draft of the Arbitration Rule of the Commercial Arbitration Committee of the South-North Korea.

면외변위의 정량적 계측을 위한 ESPI와 Shearography의 비교

최정구,김경석,장호섭,정성욱 朝鮮大學校 機械技術硏究所 2005 機械技術硏究 Vol.8 No.2

Electronic Speckle Pattern Interfrometry is a common method for measuring out-of-plane displacement and in-plane displacement and applied for vibration analysis and strain/stress analysis. However, ESPI is sensitive to environmental disturbance, which provide the limitation of industrial application. On the other hand, Shearography based on shearing interferometer can directly measure the first derivative of out-of-plane displacement, which is insensitive to vibration disturbance. This paper proposes the out-of-plane displacement extraction technique from results of Shearography by numerical processing and measurement results of ESPI and Shearoraphy are compared quantitatively.

산성강하물의 침착현상에 관한 연구

최금찬,성낙창,김장호,서정민,황성욱 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1997 硏究報告 Vol.20 No.1

We get the conclusion of the ionic components of sample and the concentration of metal elements which is collected for acid composition substances using Dry Deposion, Dust Jar method at five points in Pusan. It appears higher ionic concentration from the last of February to the middle of May. It appears higher ionic concentration according to the increasing of collecting period in cation. It is higher ionic concentration according to the passing of the time at all sites in anion. The sum of cation equivalent concentration is higher than the sum of anion equivalent concentration in comparing ionic equivalent concentration. The equivalent concentration of SO₄^(2-), NO^(3-) that is gussed acid density is predominient in anion.

지시약의 등흡광점을 이용한 용액의 pH측정(제2보)

최원형,박민수,허호장 경성대학교 1989 論文集 Vol.10 No.1

지시약 Bromo Cresol Green(BCG) 용액을 시료 용액에 첨가하고 지시약의 염기성 최대 흡수 파장과 등흡광점에서 이 시료액의 흡광도를 측정하였다. 이들 측정한 흡광도로부터 용액의 pH를 계산하였다. 등흡광점에서 흡광도의 범위를 0.1내지 0.17로 유지하고 시료 용액의 pH가 pK₁±1내에서, pH측정 오차는 ±0.07pH 단위 이내이었다. The Bromo cresol Green (BCG) stock solution was added to Sample solution and the absorbance of this solution was measured at the maximum absorption wavelength of basic form and the isosbertic point of the indicator. From these measurements of absorbance, the pH of this solution was calculated. The range of absorbance at the isobestic point was maintained with in 0.1∼0.17. The errorof pH measurement was within ±0.07pH unit in the pH range sample solution of pK₁±1