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Effects of Compression Materials on Hand Dexterity in the 40's Healthy Subjects: A Preliminary Study
Rhee, Hyeon-Sook,Yu, Jae-Ho,Kim, Sung-Joong The Korean Society of Physical Therapy 2011 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.23 No.6
Purpose: The aim of this preliminary study was to use hand function tests to Hand dexterity levels provided by the type of compression garment and compression bandages in asymptomatic subjects and to collect baseline data for the comparison of hand functions in the patients with chronic arm lymphedema. Methods: The subjects of this study were 32 healthy volunteer female with a mean age of 45.8 years. Grip strength and hand functions were tested in three conditions-no compression, compression garment, and compression bandages-using the nine-hole peg test (NHPT), the box and block test (B&BT), Minnesota Manual Dexterity test (MMDT), and the hand-held Jamar dynamometer. Results: The grip strength was significantly low in the bandage condition (p<0.05). The performance in both compression groups (i.e., bandage and compression garment) decreased as the thickness of the compression material increased (p<0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that grip strength and hand function scores are influenced by the characteristics of the compression applied. Future study is needed to determine the level of hand function between patients with chronic arm lymphedema and healthy individuals.
Jae Yeob Shim,Byeong Ok Lim,Dong Hoon Shin,Hae Cheon Kim,Hyung Sup Yoon,Jin Hee Lee,Jin Koo Rhee,Ju Yeon Hong,Kyoung Ik Cho,Sung Chan Kim 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.44 No.1
The noise performance of 0.15 m GaAs power metamorphic high electron mobility transistor (MHEMT) devices with a double-doped In0:52Al0:48As/In0:53Ga0:47As structure has been investigated together with the DC and microwave characteristics. The 0.15 100 m2 MHEMT device shows a high gate-to-drain breakdown voltage of ..8.3 V, an extrinsic transconductance of 740 mS/mm, and a threshold voltage of ..0.97 V. The obtained cut-o frequency and maximum frequency of oscillation are 133 GHz and 235 GHz, respectively. A very low minimum noise gure of 1.11 dB and an associated gain of 9.51 dB at 30 GHz are obtained for the power MHEMT with an In content of 53 % in the InGaAs channel. This excellent noise characteristic is attributed to a drastic reduction in the gate resistance by the T-shaped gate with a wide head and to the improved device performance.
Rhee, Jihyun,Choi, Sungju,Kang, Hara,Kim, Jae-Young,Ko, Daehyun,Ahn, Geumho,Jung, Haesun,Choi, Sung-Jin,Myong Kim, Dong,Kim, Dae Hwan Elsevier 2018 Solid-State Electronics Vol.140 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Experimental extraction of the electron trap parameters which are associated with charge trapping into gate insulators under the positive bias temperature stress (PBTS) is proposed and demonstrated for the first time in amorphous indium-gallium-zinc-oxide thin-film transistors. This was done by combining the PBTS/recovery time-evolution of the experimentally decomposed threshold voltage shift (ΔV<SUB>T</SUB>) and the technology computer-aided design (TCAD)-based charge trapping simulation. The extracted parameters were the trap density (N<SUB>OT</SUB>) = 2.6×10<SUP>18</SUP> cm<SUP>−3</SUP>, the trap energy level (ΔE<SUB>T</SUB>) = 0.6 eV, and the capture cross section (σ<SUB>0</SUB>) = 3 × 10<SUP>−19</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP>.</P> <P>Furthermore, based on the established TCAD framework, the relationship between the electron trap parameters and the activation energy (E<SUB>a</SUB>) is comprehensively investigated. It is found that E<SUB>a</SUB> increases with an increase in σ<SUB>0</SUB>, whereas E<SUB>a</SUB> is independent of N<SUB>OT</SUB>. In addition, as ΔE<SUB>T</SUB> increases, E<SUB>a</SUB> decreases in the electron trapping-dominant regime (low ΔE<SUB>T</SUB>) and increases again in the Poole–Frenkel (PF) emission/hopping-dominant regime (high ΔE<SUB>T</SUB>). Moreover, our results suggest that the cross-over ΔE<SUB>T</SUB> point originates from the complicated temperature-dependent competition between the capture rate and the emission rate. The PBTS bias dependence of the relationship between E<SUB>a</SUB> and ΔE<SUB>T</SUB> suggests that the electric field dependence of the PF emission-based electron hopping is stronger than that of the thermionic field emission-based electron trapping.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The use of ΔV<SUB>T</SUB> de-embedded from the measured PBTS ΔV<SUB>T</SUB> which is associated only with the charge trapping into gate insulator. </LI> <LI> Detailed and clear procedure of extracting the gate insulator electron trap parameters in IGZO thin-film transistors. </LI> <LI> Analysis of the relationship between activation energy and electron trap parameters. </LI> <LI> Useful in the joint-optimization of gate insulator and active films in highly stable IGZO thin-film transistors. </LI> </UL> </P>
Rhee, Chang Houn,Bae, Sang Won,Lee, Jae Sung The Chemical Society of Japan 2005 Chemistry letters Vol.34 No.5
<P>The nanofibrous ammonium titanate (NH<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>Ti<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>7−<I>x</I></SUB>N<I><SUB>x</SUB></I> was hydrothermally synthesized by a new method proposed here from titanium oxysulfate precursor in a NH<SUB>4</SUB>OH solution under hydrothermal conditions at 393 K without any extra templates. The calcination of the as-synthesized material at 673 K produced nitrogen-doped titania (TiO<SUB>2−<I>x</I></SUB>N<I><SUB>x</SUB></I>) with anatase phase, which absorbed visible light and had an extremely high surface area (377 m<SUP>2</SUP>g<SUP>−1</SUP>). This material showed an excellent photocatalytic activity in decomposition of 2-propanol under visible light irradiation.</P>
Rhee, Sang Hoon,Lee, Yong Keun,Lim, Bum Soon,Lee, Jae Il,Yoo, Jeong Joon,Kim, Hee Joong Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2005 Key Engineering Materials Vol.284 No.-
<P>Bioactive poly(e-caprolactone)-siloxane hybrid material was newly developed and its in vitro and in vivo evaluations were made for the potential application as a bone substitute. The polymer precursor, triethoxysilane end capped poly(e-caprolactone) was prepared by the reaction with a,w-hydroxyl poly(e-caprolactone) and 3-isocyanatopropyl triethoxysilane with 1,4-diazabicyclo [2,2,2] octane as a catalyst and toluene as a solvent. The triethoxysilane end capped poly(e-caprolactone) was hydrolyzed and condensed to yield a hybrid sol-gel material. The gelation was carried out for 1 week at ambient condition in a covered Teflon mold with a few pinholes and then dried under vacuum at room temperature for 48 h. Its bioactivity was evaluated by examining the apatite formation on its surface in the SBF and its osteoconductivity was assessed in the tibia of white rabbit. The hybrid material showed apatite-forming ability in the SBF within 1 week soaking. Besides, new bone was formed on the surface of a cylindrical shaped specimen with no histologically demonstrable intervening non-osseous tissue after 6 weeks implantation. There was no evidence of inflammation or foreign body reaction. From the results, it can be concluded that this newly developed hybrid material has osteoconductivity and is likely to be used for the application as a bone graft substitute.</P>
Immune gene mining by pyrosequencing in the rockshell, <i>Thais clavigera</i>
Rhee, Jae-Sung,Kim, Bo-Mi,Jeong, Chang-Bum,Horiguchi, Toshihiro,Lee, Young-Mi,Kim, Il-Chan,Lee, Jae-Seong Elsevier 2012 FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY Vol.32 No.5
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The rockshell, <I>Thais clavigera</I> (Gastropoda: Muricidae) has been shown to be a useful species as a potential indicator for diverse pollution in the marine environment. However, their genetic information is still not widely available. Here, we performed an extensive transcriptome analysis of <I>T. clavigera</I> using the pyrosequencing method, and selected innate immune-related genes. Among the unigenes obtained in this species, we annotated a number of immune system-related genes (e.g. adhesive protein, antimicrobial protein, apoptosis- and cell cycle-related protein, cellular defense effector, immune regulator, pattern recognition protein, protease, protease inhibitor, reduction/oxidation-related protein, signal transduction-related protein and stress protein), which are potentially useful for immunity research in this species. To confirm the usefulness of potential immune-biomarker genes, we checked the transcript level of specific immune genes in both different tissues and LPS-exposed rockshells within the <I>T. clavigera</I> transcript database. This study would be helpful to extend our knowledge on the immune system of rockshell in comparative aspects. Also it would be useful to develop the rockshell as a potential test organism for monitoring of marine environment quality.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► Novel investigation of extensive immune-relevant genes in the rockshell, <I>Thais clavigera</I> as the first report. ► Confirm the usefulness for comparative analysis of specific immune gene in different developmental tissues of rockshell. ► Development of potential immune-biomarker gene upon bacterial challenge. ► Contribution on immune-relevant gene information resource for comparative gene expression analysis within aquatic invertebrates.</P>