A Survey on Awareness of Physical Therapists about Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy

Kang, Jeong-Il,Jeong, Dae-Keun,Choi, Hyun The Korean Society of Physical Therapy 2014 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.26 No.3

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate awareness of physical therapists about cardiopulmonary physical therapy and patterns of its use, and to offer materials about how to apply cardiopulmonary physical therapy. Methods: For this study, structured questionnaires were distributed to 158 physical therapists in general hospitals, hospitals, Chinese medicine hospitals and clinics in Cheonnam area who were randomly selected as research subjects. After the questionnaires were handed out to them for 180 days from July to December 2013, they were collected. Results: The results showed that only 14 respondents(25%) knew about the therapeutic intervention of cardiopulmonary physical therapy, while respectively, 57.1% and 17.9% of them responded they didn't know about it well, and they didn't know about it, at all. As a result, physical therapists' awareness about cardiopulmonary physical therapy was at an extremely low level, overall. Moreover, 60.7%, 7.1%, 8.9% and 23.3% of the subjects answered that they obtained knowledge about cardiopulmonary physical therapy from school curriculum, from association seminars, from related books and from other sources, respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion, these results demonstrate that the application or use of cardiopulmonary physical therapy as a physical therapy intervention is quite inadequate, although the necessity for cardiopulmonary physical therapy of physical therapists is being highlighted. Therefore, constant interests and efforts of physical therapists and clinicians would be required for effective use of cardiopulmonary physical therapy, clinical verification and active researches on it.

Influence of Interferential Current Therapy and Laser Therapy on Functional Recovery after Total Knee Replacement

Oh, Seung-Keun,Kim, Yong-Nam The Korean Society of Physical Therapy 2014 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.26 No.3

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of interference current therapy and laser therapy on functional recovery after total knee arthroplasty by measuring the Berg balance scale and range of motion. Methods: Subjects were 30 patients who were admitted to G Hospital after total knee arthroplasty. They were randomly assigned to experimental group I in which interference current therapy was applied (n=10), experimental group II in which laser therapy was applied (n=10), or the control group (n=10). The Berg balance scale and range of motion of the subjects were measured before, after 2 weeks, and after 4 weeks of therapy. Results: There was a statistically significant change (p<0.05) in the Berg balance scale and range of motion before and after therapy intervention among the laser therapy group and the interference current therapy group. There was also a significant change between the groups in the Berg balance scale and range of motion. Tukey's post hoc comparison showed a statistically significant difference between the control group and experimental group I and between the control group and experimental group II (p<0.05). Conclusion: The application of interference current therapy and laser therapy resulted in a significant change in both the Berg balance scale and range of motion among patients with total knee arthroplasty. The findings of this study can be used as preliminary clinical data in evaluating functional recovery in patients with total knee arthroplasty in a post-clinic setting.

Changes in Awareness of Major Employment Following Clinical Practice in Students of Physical Therapy

Kim, Myung-Hoon,Kim, Ga-Eun,Kim, Jun-Han,Park, Sung-Ho,Jo, Yong-Jun,Choi, Ji-Hye,Kim, Su-Hyun,Kim, Hyun-Jin The Korean Society of Physical Therapy 2014 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.26 No.6

Purpose: This study attempted to provide the basic data for the institutional improvement of the clinical practice of physical therapy department students. Methods: Research for this study included 390 participants used for the analysis of the present study. The statistical analysis was of the characteristics and satisfaction of the clinical practices of subjects, the reasons for major employment preferences before and after clinical practices, and the preferred institution and field of major employment before and after clinical practice. Results: The general characteristics of students of the physical therapy department include females in their third year of college at age 20~24 years-old. As well, no religion, usual satisfaction with major, and motivation of choosing a physical therapy employment rate were the most common. A residency type in the form where one would cook one's own food and a clinical practice with a general hospital grade were seen most often. Regarding preference of major employment before and after clinical practice, the preference of major employment was 88%, which increased by 5.2% after clinical practice from 82.8% before clinical practice. The preference for no major employment due to lack of interest and no aptitude increased 43.5% from 23.9% after clinical practice. Conclusion: The number of apprentices will increase despite practice institutions being limited; for practice of environment, content, etc., relatively changes are slow, and progress rapidly medical technology. It is a society in which expertise is required; in the present study, there is a value in providing the clinical data missing in physical therapy.

Factor Structure of a Korean-Language Version of the Patient Satisfaction with Procedural Aspects of Physical Therapy Instrument

Lee, Hae-Jung,Adams, Roger,Oh, Tae-Young The Korean Society of Physical Therapy 2013 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.25 No.3

Purpose: The aim of the study was to survey satisfaction with physical therapy. Methods: After the physical therapy consultation, patients filled in a Korean-language version of the 20-tiem version of the MedRisk Instrument developed for measuring Patient Satisfaction with physical therapy. Items are scored on a five-point Likert scale ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree. The last two items are general satisfaction and future return to the clinic. Age and gender information was also collected anonymously. Exploratory factor analysis based on principal components analysis with varimax rotation was performed on the first 18 items of the MedRisk Instrument using SPSS v.20. Results: Four factors emerged with eigenvalues greater than 1, and these cumulatively explained 55% of the total variance in item scores. The factors were labelled: Internal, External Positives, External Negatives, and Clinic Presentation. Correlations of the factor scores with the two global items ranged from 0.29 to 0.70 (both p<0.001). Gender differences were only found on the last factor, with male Korean patients rating Clinic Presentation significantly higher than females (p=0.001). Conclusion: Using factor analysis, the proposed factor structure was revealed using the positive and negative components of the external aspects of the physical therapy and by identifying a clinic presentation which contributes to patients' satisfaction. The largest proportion of the variance in Patient Satisfaction was related to clinicians' attention and behaviour. The results of the analysis provide guidelines as to the dimensions of professional physical therapy care and the implications for service delivery and patient experience.

A comparative study of ADL and IADL of residential home and home for the aged dwelling elderly

박찬의,장정훈,이재형,Park, Chan-Eui,Chang, Chung-Hoon,Lee, Jae-Hyoung The Korean Society of Physical Therapy 2006 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.18 No.4

연구목적: 본 연구는 가정 거주노인과 시설 거주 노인의 일상생활동작(ADL)과 도구적 일상생활동작(IADL)을 비교 분석하여 노인 돌봄에 관여하는 의료 종사자, 특히 물리치료사와 작업치료사의 업무에 도움을 주고자 시행하였다. 방법: 일상생활동작 및 도구적 일상생활동작의 검진은 한국형 일상생활동작 평가서와 도구적 일상생활동작 평가서를 사용하여 거주 형태가 다른 두 노인 집단의 평가 결과를 분석하였다. 결과: 노인들의 일상생활동작과 도구적 일상생활동작의 수행 능력은 부부 동거, 자녀 수, 수입, 현재 앓고 있는 질병 및 나이에 의해 영향을 받고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 일상생활동작 중에는 한 가지 동작이 도구적 일상생활동작은 한 가지 동작을 제외한 모든 동작에서 수행 능력의 차이를 보이고 있다. 부부가 함께 동거하는 노인이 홀로 사는 노인에 비해 전반적으로 일상생활 활동이 원활한 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 한국형 일상생활동작 평가서와 도구적 일상생활동작 평가서가 한국 노인의 일상생활 활동을 평가하는데 보다 사용하기 좋았다. 노인을 돌보는 의료 종사자 특히 물리치료사 및 작업치료사는 노인의 일상생활 활동을 증진시키기 위해 훈련을 시행한다면 일상생활동작 훈련에서는 목욕하기에 중점을 두고 도구적 일상생활동작의 훈련에서는 거의 모든 동작을 훈련 시켜야 할 것을 조언한다. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) of residential home dwelling elderly and home for the aged dwelling elderly. In attempt to address medical professional caring the elderly, this comparative study examines the factors associated with dependence in the ADL and IADL in two samples of elderly people living in two different environments. Methods: The instrument of ADL and IADL widely used Katz ADL and IADL. Katz ADL and IADL was not a perfect fit for Korean. In concern with cultural factors Won developed K(Korean)-ADL and K-IADL scale reflecting Korean's own language expression and cultural factors in year of 2002. The assessment tool of this study was K-ADL and K-IADL. Differences of ADL and IADL were tested for statistical significance using group t-test and x2 test for comparisons between the residential home dwelling elderly and the home for the aged dwelling elderly. Results: Comparison of assessment for K-ADL and K-IADL in two different dwelling types was significant. Performance of ADL and IADL depend upon their living environment such as social status, number of children, income, present illness as well as age group. This study also showed significant differences of performance in some activities of ADL and IADL between the elderly who live in their own home and live in home for the aged. Comparison of performance of ADL and IADL in different dwelling types revealed that only one item of ADL was significant but only one item of IADL was not significant. It means that IADL is more difficult activities in the home for the aged dwelling elderly than the residential home dwelling elderly. The coupled elderly has more independent in some ADL and IADL activities compared with the single elderly. Conclusion: Using K-ADL and K-IADL is more convenient for Korean elderly. Medical professional consider some factors like dwelling style, social status, existing diseases and disabilities in order to care the elderly and train him/her activities of daily living as well as instrumental activities of daily living. Medical professional, especially physical and occupational therapist emphasize the training items which are bathing of ADL and grooming, housework, preparing meals, laundry, traveling, public transportation, shopping, using telephone and taking medicine of IADL based on the result of this study.

Numerical Analysis of the Wavelength Dependence in Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) Using a Finite Element Method

Yoon, Jin-Hee,Park, Ji-Won,Youn, Jong-In The Korean Society of Physical Therapy 2010 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.22 No.6

Purpose: The aim of this study was to do numerical analysis of the wavelength dependence in low level laser therapy (LLLT) using a finite element method (FEM). Methods: Numerical analysis of heat transfer based on a Pennes' bioheat equation was performed to assess the wavelength dependence of effects of LLLT in a single layer and in multilayered tissue that consists of skin, fat and muscle. The three different wavelengths selected, 660 nm, 830 nm and 980 nm, were ones that are frequently used in clinic settings for the therapy of musculoskeletal disorders. Laser parameters were set to the power density of 35.7 W/$cm^2$, a spot diameter of 0.06 cm, and a laser exposure time of 50 seconds for all wavelengths. Results: Temperature changes in tissue based on a heat transfer equation using a finite element method were simulated and were dominantly dependent upon the absorption coefficient of each tissue layer. In the analysis of a single tissue layer, heat generation by fixed laser exposure at each wavelength had a similar pattern for increasing temperature in both skin and fat (980 nm > 660 nm > 830 nm), but in the muscle layer 660nm generated the most heat (660 nm ${\gg}$ 980 nm > 830 nm). The heat generation in multilayered tissue versus penetration depth was shown that the temperature of 660 nm wavelength was higher than those of 830 nm and 980 nm Conclusion: Numerical analysis of heat transfer versus penetration depth using a finite element method showed that the greatest amount of heat generation is seen in multilayered tissue at = 660 nm. Numerical analysis of heat transfer may help lend insight into thermal events occurring inside tissue layers during low level laser therapy.

Perspective for Clinical Application and Research of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Physical Therapy

Kim, Chung-Sun,Nam, Seok-Hyun The Korean Society of Physical Therapy 2010 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.22 No.6

Neurostimulation approaches have been developed and explored to modulate neuroplastic changes of cortical function in human brain. As one of the most primary noninvasive tools, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) was extensively studied in the field of neuroscience. The alternation of cortical neurons depending on the polarity of the tDCS has been used for improving cognitive processing including working memory, learning, and language in normal individuals, as well as in patients with neurological or psychiatric diseases. In addition, tDCS has great advantages: it is a non-invasive, painless, safe, and cost-effective approach to enhance brain function in normal subjects and patients with neurological disorders. Numerous previous studies have confirmed the efficacy of tDCS. However, tDCS has not been considered for clinical applications and research in the field of physical therapy. Therefore, this review will focus on the general principles of tDCS and its related application parameters, and provide consideration of motor behavioral research and clinical applications in physical therapy.

Effects of Specific Exercise on Chronic Neck Pain in Elderly Women

Shin, Sang-Hee,Choi, Jong-Duk The Korean Society of Physical Therapy 2010 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.22 No.3

Purpose: The main causes of chronic neck pain (CNP) are wrong postures and degenerative changes. This study investigated the effects of specific exercise on elderly women with CNP. Methods: 29 elderly women who complain of CNP were classified into experimental group (14) and control group (15). The experimental group was treated with specific exercise and minimal conventional therapy, whereas the control group was treated only with conventional therapy. Then the effects on the visual analogue scale (VAS), neck disability index (NDI), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), Korean form of geriatric depression scale (KGDS), and range of motion (ROM) were compared between the two groups. Results: The experimental group showed significantly improved results in VAS, NDI, SAS, KGDS, and ROM after intervention (p<0.05), as did the control group (p<0.05). The comparison of changes in the experimental group before and after intervention showed superior results in the SAS, NDI, and ROM (flexion, rotation, lat. flexion) results when compared with the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Specific exercise is effective in the improvement of SAS, NDI, and ROM for elderly women with CNP.

Detection and Quantification of Screw-Home Movement Using Nine-Axis Inertial Sensors

Jeon, Jeong Woo,Lee, Dong Yeop,Yu, Jae Ho,Kim, Jin Seop,Hong, Jiheon The Korean Society of Physical Therapy 2019 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.31 No.6

Purpose: Although previous studies on the screw-home movement (SHM) for autopsy specimen and walking of living persons conducted, the possibility of acquiring SHM based on inertial measurement units received little attention. This study aimed to investigate the possibility of measuring SHM for the non-weighted bearing using a micro-electro-mechanical system-based wearable motion capture system (MEMSS). Methods: MEMSS and camera-based motion analysis systems were used to obtain kinematic data of the knee joint. The knee joint moved from the flexion position to a fully extended position and then back to the start point. The coefficient of multiple correlation and the difference in the range of motion were used to assess the waveform similarity in the movement measured by two measurement systems. Results: The waveform similarity in the sagittal plane was excellent and the in the transverse plane was good. Significant differences were found in the sagittal plane between the two systems (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the transverse plane between the two systems (p>0.05). Conclusion: The SHM during the passive motion without muscle contraction in the non-weighted bearing appeared in the entire range. We thought that the MEMSS could be easily applied to the acquisition of biomechanical data on the knee related to physical therapy.

The Effects of Closed Kinetic and Open Kinetic Chain Exercises Using Knee Reposition Sense in Chronic Stroke Patients

Lee, Kyu-Young,Shin, Won-Seob The Korean Society of Physical Therapy 2014 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.26 No.3

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effects of open kinetic chain exercise (OKCE) and closed kinetic chain exercise (CKCE) using knee reposition sensing on balance, strength, and knee joint reposition sense (JPS) in chronic stroke patients. Methods: Twenty-nine hemiplegic patients participated in this study. Participants were randomly divided into 3 groups, CKCE, OKCE, and controls, with 9, 10, and 10 participants, respectively. The CKCE group completed CKCE using knee reposition sensing, whereas the OKCE group completed OKCE using knee reposition sensing. The control group completed conventional physical therapy. Results: Significant differences between the CKCE and OKCE groups were apparent for all outcomes except the functional reaching test. The CKCE group displayed significant improvements in knee JPS versus the OKCE and control groups (p<0.01). The OKCE group displayed significant improvements in knee extensor muscle strength versus the CKCE and control groups (p<0.05). The CKCE and OKCE groups displayed significantly improvements in static balance versus the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: CKCE and OKCE improved balance, strength, and knee JPS. Additionally, CKCE might provide a more useful intervention benefit than OKCE for increasing knee JPS, a weight-bearing task. OKCE was sufficient to improve the knee extensor muscle strength.