Paricalcitol attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and apoptosis in proximal tubular cells through the prostaglandin E₂ receptor EP4

( Yu Ah Hong ),( Keum Jin Yang ),( So Young Jung ),( Yoon Kyung Chang ),( Cheol Whee Park ),( Chul Woo Yang ),( Suk Young Kim ),( Hyeon Seok Hwang ) 대한신장학회 2017 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.36 No.2

Background: Vitamin D is considered to exert a protective effect on various renal diseases but its underlying molecular mechanism remains poorly understood. This study aimed to determine whether paricalcitol attenuates inflammation and apoptosis during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced renal proximal tubular cell injury through the prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) receptor EP4. Methods: Human renal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells were pretreated with paricalcitol (2 ng/mL) for 1 hour and exposed to LPS (1 μg/mL). The effects of paricalcitol pretreatment in relation to an EP4 blockade using AH-23848 or EP4 small interfering RNA (siRNA) were investigated. Results: The expression of cyclooxygenase-2, PGE₂, and EP4 were significantly increased in LPS-exposed HK-2 cells treated with paricalcitol compared with cells exposed to LPS only. Paricalcitol prevented cell death induced by LPS exposure, and the cotreatment of AH-23848 or EP4 siRNA offset these cell-protective effects. The phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of p65 nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) were decreased and the phosphorylation of Akt was increased in LPS-exposed cells with paricalcitol treatment. AH-23848 or EP4 siRNA inhibited the suppressive effects of paricalcitol on p65 NF-κB nuclear translocation and the activation of Akt. The production of proinflammatory cytokines and the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling-positive cells were attenuated by paricalcitol in LPS exposed HK-2 cells. The cotreatment with an EP4 antagonist abolished these anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects. Conclusion: EP4 plays a pivotal role in anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects through Akt and NF-κB signaling after paricalcitol pretreatment in LPS-induced renal proximal tubule cell injury.

“浮休子(부휴자)”를 내세운 成俔(성현)의 말하기와 그 의미 -『浮休子傳(부휴자전)』『浮休子談論(부휴자담론)』을 중심으로-

황아영 ( Young Ah Hwang ) 한국한문고전학회(구 성신한문학회) 2013 漢文古典硏究 Vol.27 No.1

성현이 부휴자라는 가상의 인물을 내세워 말하고 있는 『浮休子傳』 과 『浮休子談論』을 중심으로 부휴자의 말하기와 그 의미를 살펴보고자 하였다. 성현은 자탁전의 형식을 가진 『부휴자전』 에서 부휴자의 성품과 즐거움을 이야기하며 자신이 추구하는 이상적 인간상을 그려내었다. 그리고 寓言의 형식을 갖춘 『부휴자담론』은 이야기 방식에 따라 『雅言』, 『寓言』, 『補言』가지 양식으로 나뉘어져 있는데 각 양식마다 부휴자와 허구 인물, 역사인물을 등장 시킴으로써 현실문제에 대한 직설적인 화법을 피하여 자신의 주장을 내세우 고 있다. 성현이 자신을 드러내어 직접 말하지 않고 부휴자라는 인물을 내세워 말하 고자 한 것이 무엇인지를 살펴보면, 첫째로, 임금에 대한 강한 勸戒와 諷刺임을 알 수 있다. 부휴자를 통해 이전의 훈구관각파가 주장한 ‘임금은 하늘이다’ 라는 의견을 따르는 듯하지만, 그 이면에는 ‘임금은 다만 백성을 위한 하늘의 대리자임’을 강조하고 있으며 이렇게 간접화법을 통해 말함으로써 자신을 드 말하는 데에 따르는 화를 면하고자 하였다. 그리고 성현은 표면적으로 ‘재주와 능력은 배워서 얻을 수 있는 것이다’라고 말하는 듯하지만 결국 ‘능력 과 재주는 타고나는 것이며 쉽게 변할 수 없는 것’이라고 주장하며 자신의 타 고난 재능과 능력을 더욱 강조하고 있다. 그러면서 훈구관각파와 도학 사림파 사이에서 어느 한쪽의 편도 아닌 중간자적 입장의 정치적 견해를 밝히고 있음을 볼 수 있다. 성현은 당시의 시대적 상황으로 인해 직접 말하기 어려운 자신의 정치적 견해와 강한 자긍심을 간접적으로라도 드러내기 위하여 부휴 자라는 인물을 통해 주장을 펼친 것이라 볼 수 있다. This article scopes out a fictional charater - Buhyuja`s speaking and means in The story of Buhyuja and Discussion of Buhyuja written by Sung Hyun (1439-1504). Sung Hyun described Buhyuja, an ideal type of human character, with Buhyuja`s personality and enjoyment in an autobiographical essay The story of Buhyuja. Meanwhile, Discussion of Buhyuja composed of three type of fascicles: ‘Graceful Words’, ‘Foolish Words’ and ‘Complementary Words’. In Discussion of Buhyuja, fictional characters had appeared in each section so that contemporary issues had been described with indirect narrations, which purposed to escape punishments derived from direct and straightforward speaking. In accordance with direct speaking from imaginary persona and bitter satire on society in The story of Buhyuja and Discussion of Buhyuja, Sung Hyun had sincere remonstrance and satire on a king. Sung Hyun seemed to conform demand - ‘The king is the Heaven’. However rather, Sung Hyun actually emphasized a king is a representative of the Heaven only for the public. In addition, Sung Hyun looked like to follow an assertion - ‘Personal talent and ability are obtainable with learning’, though Sung Hyun, in fact, highlighted one`s natural ability inborn characterized as well as scarcely changed. On the other hand, Sung Hyun had stated a middle coursed view of political opinions without single-side-on stance. Eventually, Sung Hyun applied various speaking on a fictional charater - Buhyuja. Then, Sung Hyun directly expressed meaning of his political opinions and self-esteem against contemporary social situations.

재직자를 위한 4년제 대학 비즈니스컨설팅학과 교육과정 개발: 서울소재 H대학 사례를 중심으로

황영아(Hwang, Young-Ah),임욱빈(Leem, Wook-Bin) 한국경영교육학회 2020 경영교육연구 Vol.35 No.4

[연구목적] 본 연구는 재직자를 대상으로 하는 4년제 대학 비즈니스컨설팅학과의 교육과정 개발을 위해 수행되었다. [연구방법] 본 연구는 재직자 대상 직업교육과정 개발 모형에 관한 고찰을 통해 교육과정 개발 모형을 도출하고, 산업체 인사를 포함하는 교육과정개발위원회를 6차례 개최하여 환경 분석, 교육목표 선정 및 인재양성유형 설정, 직무모형 설정 및 직무 검증, 교과목 선정, 교육과정로드맵 도출 등의 절차에 따라 교육과정 개발을 실시하였다. [연구결과] 이상의 절차에 따라 학과의 주요 양성 인력 유형은 경영컨설턴트, 전략경영컨설턴트, 기술경영컨설턴트로 도출되었으며, 직무 설정 및 검증 절차를 통해 현장에서의 수행직무 20개와 과업 80개가 도출되었다. 이를 토대로 직무별 지식 · 기술 · 태도를 고려하여 30개의 교과목 선정을 완료하였으며, 컨설턴트로서 종합적 역량 배양을 위한 세미나 과목 2개를 포함하여 32개 교과목을 포함하는 비즈니스컨설팅학과의 교육과정 로드맵을 제시하였다. [연구의 시사점] 컨설턴트와 관련한 기존 연구들은 컨설턴트의 역량을 규명하거나 컨설턴트 역량이 성과에 미치는 영향력에 초점을 둔 연구가 주로 이루어졌으나 교육적 관점에서 이루어진 연구는 전무한 실정이다. 본 연구는 재직자 대상 직업교육과정 개발 모형에 기반하여 체계적인 절차에 따라 컨설턴트 양성을 위한 교육과정을 개발함으로써 컨설턴트 양성을 위한 교육훈련의 토대를 제공할 것으로 기대되어진다. [Purpose] This study was conducted to develop a curriculum of a four- year college business consulting department for employees. [Methodology] The curriculum development model of this study was derived through consideration of the vocational curriculum development model. And the curriculum development committee, which includes industry personnel, was held six times to develop curriculum according to procedure such as environmental analysis, setting educational goal, job model setting, job verification, subjects selection, drawn the curriculum roadmap. [Findings] Through the job setting and verification procedures, 20 job performances and 80 tasks in the field were drawn. Based on this, 30 subjects were selected considering the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of each job. Lastly, H University’s Business consulting department curriculums designed consists of a 32 subjects. Among subjects, two capstone design subjects were established to develop expert competencies. [Implications] This study provided the foundation for education and training for consultants by developing a curriculum according to a systematic procedure based on the vocational curriculum development model for incumbents.

국산·수입산 동부를 이용한 모시잎송편의 영양성분비교

김영섭,김소민,오지연,황진봉,이기택,신정아,김상천,김세나,김행란,황영,최용민 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2015 農業科學硏究 Vol.31 No.2

RAW 264.7 세포에 대한 중국산 천연 광물성 섬유 TAFMAG의 독성효과

임영,한진구,김지홍,김현욱,김은경,김경아,장황신 大韓産業醫學會 1999 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.11 No.3

Objectives : This study was designed to evaluate cytotoxicity of TAFMAG, which is a trade name of natural mineral fiber mined and produced in China. Methods : The cytotoxicity of TAFMAG was evaluated by measuring iron content, lipid peroxidation, erythrocyte hemolysis, and cytotoxicity in vitro. These results were compared with the data of chrystotile and wollastonite as a positive and negative control, respectively. Results : There was significant increase of Fenton activity in TAFMAG and chrysotile with dose-response pattern. The iron chelating agent, desferrioxamine, significantly decreased Fenton activity of the particulates except wollastonite. TAFMAG and chrysotile fibers significantly increased malondialdehyde concentration from lipid peroxidation of the red blood cell membrane. In erythrocyte hemolysis test, TAFMAG & chrysotile had stronger effect on erythrocyte hemolysis than wollastonite with the concentration of 1,000g/ml. Furthermore, TAFMAG was more hemolytic than chrysotile with the concentration of 5,000g/ml. There was a significant cytotoxic effect in TAFMAG and chrysotile on RAW cell compared with wollastonite. Conclusions : In vitro study suggested that TAFMAG may have a similar health hazard as usual asbestos.

Structural and Spectroscopic Investigation of Ceria Nanofibers Fabricated by Electrospinning Process

Ah Reum Hwang,Juyun Park,강용철 대한화학회 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.9

We fabricated ceria (CeO_2) nanofibers by applying a mixed solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and various concentrations of cerium nitrate hydrate (Ce(NO_3)_3) ranging from 15.0 to 26.0 wt % by the electrospinning process. Ceria nanofibers were obtained after calcining PVP/Ce(NO_3)_3 nanofiber composites at 873 and 1173 K. The SEM images indicated that the diameters of CeO_2 nanofibers calcined at 873 and 1173K were smaller than those of nanofibers obtained at RT. As the amount of cerium increased, the diameter of CeO_2 nanofibers increased. XRD analysis revealed that the ceria nanofibers were in cubic form. TEM results revealed that the ceria nanofibers were formed by the interconnection of Ce oxide nanoparticles. The ceria nanofibers obtained at low concentrations of Ce (CeL) showed spotty ring patterns indicated that the ceria nanofibers were polycrystalline structure. And the ceria nanofibers obtained at high concentration of Ce (CeH)showed fcc (001) diffraction pattern. XPS study indicated that the oxidation of Ce shifted from Ce^3+ to Ce^4+ as the calcination temperature increased.

Diets with corn oil and/or low protein increase acute acetaminophen hepatotoxicity compared to diets with beef tallow in a rat model

Hwang, Jin-Ah The Korean Nutrition Society 2009 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.2 No.1

It has been reported that dietary polyunsaturated fats (PUFA) increase liver injury in response to ethanol feeding. We tested the hypothesis that diets rich in linoleic acid (18:2n-6) would affect acute liver injury after acetaminophen injection and that protein restriction might exacerbate the liver injury. We examined effects of feeding diets with either 15% (wt/wt) corn oil or 14% beef tallow and 1% corn oil for six weeks with either 6 or 20 g/100 g protein on acute hepatotoxicity. After the feeding period, liver injury was induced by injecting either with 600 mg/kg body weight acetaminophen suspended in gum arabic-based vehicle, or with vehicle alone during fasting status. Samples of liver and plasma were taken for analyses of hepatic glutathione (GSH) levels and liver-specific enzymes [(Glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT)], respectively. Whereas GSH level was significantly lower in only group fed 15% corn oil with 6 g/100 g protein among acetaminophen-treated groups, activities of GPT and GOT were significantly elevated in all groups except the one fed beef tallow with 20 g/100 g protein, suggesting low protein might exacerbate drug-induced hepatotoxicity. The feeding regimens changed the ratio of 18:2n-6 to oleic acid (18:1n-9) in total liver lipids approximately five-fold, and produced modest changes in arachidonic acid (20:4n-6). We conclude that diets with high 18:2n-6 promote acetaminophen-induced liver injury compared to diets with more saturated fatty acids (SFA). In addition, protein restriction appeared to exacerbate the liver injury.

Spontaneous Regression of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in a Patient with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Case Report

Hwang, Eu Dong,Kim, Young Jae,Leem, Ah Young,Ji, Ah-Young,Choi, Younjeong,Jung, Ji Ye,Kim, Se Kyu,Chang, Joon,Park, Ji Hye,Park, Seon Cheol The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2013 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.75 No.5

Treatment of lung cancer in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is difficult because the mortality rate after surgery or chemotherapy is high for these patients. Spontaneous regression of cancer is rare, especially in lung cancer. A 62-year-old man, previously diagnosed with IPF, presented with stage IIIC (T2N3M0) non-small cell lung cancer. About 4 months later, spontaneous regression of the primary tumor was observed without treatment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of spontaneous regression of lung cancer in a patient with IPF.

Structural and Spectroscopic Investigation of Ceria Nanofibers Fabricated by Electrospinning Process

Hwang, Ah-Reum,Park, Ju-Yun,Kang, Yong-Cheol Korean Chemical Society 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.9

We fabricated ceria ($CeO_2$) nanofibers by applying a mixed solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and various concentrations of cerium nitrate hydrate ($Ce(NO_3)_3$) ranging from 15.0 to 26.0 wt % by the electrospinning process. Ceria nanofibers were obtained after calcining PVP/$Ce(NO_3)_3$ nanofiber composites at 873 and 1173 K. The SEM images indicated that the diameters of $CeO_2$ nanofibers calcined at 873 and 1173 K were smaller than those of nanofibers obtained at RT. As the amount of cerium increased, the diameter of $CeO_2$ nanofibers increased. XRD analysis revealed that the ceria nanofibers were in cubic form. TEM results revealed that the ceria nanofibers were formed by the interconnection of Ce oxide nanoparticles. The ceria nanofibers obtained at low concentrations of Ce (CeL) showed spotty ring patterns indicated that the ceria nanofibers were polycrystalline structure. And the ceria nanofibers obtained at high concentration of Ce (CeH) showed fcc (001) diffraction pattern. XPS study indicated that the oxidation of Ce shifted from $Ce^{3+}$ to $Ce^{4+}$ as the calcination temperature increased.

Support for Democracy and Economic Evaluations

Ah-Ran Hwang 한국정당학회 2003 한국정당학회보 Vol.2 No.2