탄수화물에서 광학활성 중간체 O-보호된 (S)-와 (R)-3-히드록시 알데히드의 합성

강석구,조현성,심형수 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1993 論文集 Vol.44 No.1

탄수화물로부터 유도된 불포화 퓨라노스 고리계를 입체 선택적인 수소화 반응에 의해 chiral synthon인 광학활성의 (S)-3-포르밀옥시 알데히드를 합성하였고, 탄수화물에서 유도된 3-히드록시 퓨라노스를 Barton-McCombie의 deoxygenation반응에 의해 (R)-3-포르밀옥시 알데히드를 합성하였다. (S)-e-Formyloxyaldehydes, chiral synthons for natural products, were synthesized via highly stereoselective hydrogenation of the unsaturated furanose ring system derived from D-glucose or D-xylose. Alternatively, (R)-3-formyloxyaldehydes were prepared via deoxygenation of 3-hydroxyfuranoses.

탄수화물에서 syn-과 anti-2, 3-디히드록시 알데히드의 합성 : L-Factor와 Muricatacin의 합성

강석구,조현성,심형수 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1993 論文集 Vol.44 No.1

천연물합성에 있어서 합성중간체로서 유용한 광학활성의 O-보호된 syn-과 anti-2, 3-디히드록시 알데히드의 네 가지 입체이성질체들을 쉽게 구할 수 있는 D-글루코스나 D-크실로스에서 유도된 푸라노스를 변형시켜 합성하였다. 예컨대 불포화 퓨라노스계의 이중결합에 수소화붕소 첨가반응-산화반응에 의해 입체선택적으로 히드록시퓨라노스를 얻고 이를 O-베질화후 탈아세톤화, 산화성절단반응에 의해 (2S, 3S)-3-포르옥시-2-벤질옥시알칸알을 얻었으며 그 외 (2S, 3R)-, (2R, 3S)-, (2R, 3R)-디히드록시알칸알을 얻었다. 이러한 중간체들을 이용하여 L-factor와 muricatacin을 합성하였다. Four stereosiomers of optically active O-protected syn- and anti-2, 3-dihydroxy aldehydes, chiral synthons for natutal product synthesis, were synthesized from readily avilable D-glucose and E-Xylose. (2S, 3S)-3-Formylosy-2-benzylxoy alkanals were synthesized by stereoselective hydroboration of the unsaturated furanoses followed by O-benzylation, deprotection, and oxidative cleavage. (2S, 3R)-, (2R, 3S)-, and (2R, 3R)-Dihydroxy alkanals were also synthesized. Using these chiral synthons, (4R, 5S)-(-)- and (4S, 5S)-(+)-L-factors, the proposed autoregulators from Strpiomyces griseus and muricatacin, a biologically active constituent from the seeds of Annona muricata L. were synthesized.

벼의 혹명나방의 성 유인 물질의 합성과 생물활성시험

강석구,박정민,이정운,고현관 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1983 論文集 Vol.34 No.2

벼의 혹명나방의 성 유인 물질인 (Z)-13-옥타데센-1-올 아세테이트를 새로운 방법으로 합성하였다. 즉, 1-헥신의 리튬 음이온을 보호된 12-브로모-1-도데칸을 THP 에테르와 반응시켜, 13-옥타데신-1-올 THP에테르를 만든후 Lindlar 촉매에 의한 수소화 반응을 시켜 (Z)-13-옥타데센-1-올 THP에테르를 얻는다. 산촉매하에서 보호기를 제거한 후 피리딘 용매하에서 무수아세트산을 반응시켜 최종 생성물인 (Z)-13-옥타데센-1-올 아세테이트를 좋은 수율로 얻었다. 농촌진흥청의 곤충과와 공동으로 상기에서 합성된 성 유인 물질을 이용하여 혹명 나방의 숫컷에 대한 성 유인 효과를 실험해본 결과 성 유인 작용이 있는 것으로 나타났다. A new method is described for the synthesis of (Z)-13-octadecen-1-ol acetate(1), the sex pheromone of the Rice Leaf Folder moth. Lithium acetylide of 1-hexyne was alkylated with 12-bromo-1-dodecanol THP ether. 13-Octadecyn-1-ol THP ether was stereoselectively reduced over Lindlar catalyst(Pd/BaSO_4) to give (Z)-13-octadecen-1-ol THP ether. (Z)-13-octadecen-1-ol THP ether was deprotected and acetylated with acetic anhydride and pyridine to afford the final product, (Z)-13-octadecen-1-ol acetate. Biological activity test of the synthetic compound, (Z)-13-octadecen-1-ol acetate was tested in the field using polyethylene capsules as containers. The numbers of moths trapped with pheromone vials were counted.

N-치환 발린 유도체의 합성

姜錫久,洪狀厚,趙顯星 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1986 論文集 Vol.37 No.2

As synthetic studies directed towards fluvalinate insecticide, N-substituted valine derivatives were synthesized; S-(+)-valine ethylester was reacted with 1-chloro-2-nitro-4-triflurormethylbenzene to give N-(2-nitro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl) valine ethylester in a nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction with conservation in optical activity. Also S-(+)-valine ethylester was reacted with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitro benzene to afford N-(2,4-dinitrophenyl) valine ethylester.

진딧물의 경보페로몬인 (E)-β-Farnesene의 합성과 생물활성시험

강석구,정경운,이정운,고현관 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1986 論文集 Vol.37 No.1

(E)-β-Farnesene, the alarm pheromone of aphids was synthesized from nerolidol by reacting in a sealed tube at 150℃ for 24h with DMSO. Base(KOtBu/DMSO) catalized elimination of HCl from farnesyl chloride at 50℃ for 4h afforded (E)-β-farnesene as the major product. Farnesyl chloride was prepared from nerolidol or farnesol with SOCl_2 or HCl. Biological activity test of (E)-β-farnesene thus synthesized was conducted.

인공신경망의 B.P알고리즘을 이용한 위성영상분류

강인준,최현,장용구,김현정 부산대학교 도시문제연구소 2000 都市硏究報 Vol.10 No.-

최근 신경망 이론을 이용한 연구가 각분야에서 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 특히, 위성영상분류에서의 신경망 분류는 GIS의 기초 자료의 정확도 향상을 위하여 많은 연구가 진행중이다. 본 연구에서는 Landsat TM 영상을 이용하여 인공신경망과 최대우도법을 비교하여 인공신경망의 위성영상분류정확도의 평가에 대하여 연구하고자한다. 본 연구에서 사용된 위성영상은 Landsat TM영상으로 부산광역시에 있는 가덕도를 대상으로 하였으며, UTM좌표는 동 187.206.00 m, 서 180,996.00 m, 남 164,427.00m, 북 175,065.00m로 나타났다. Landsat TM 데이터에서는 6번 데이터를 제외한 나머지를 이용하였다. 위의 연구결과를 보면 신경망 분류기법은 토지 피복분류에서 적용이 가능함을 알 수가 있다. Recently, a study used neural network architecture has been took place in various branches of studies. Particularly, the application of neural network in the satellite image classification has been studied for the improvement of accuracy of basis data for GIS(Geo-spatial Information System). This paper presents the accuracy of B.P algorithm in the artificial neural network classification, after a comparison between neural network classification and MLC(Maximum Likelihood Classification) using LandsatTM image. The study area is Gaduc Island in Pusan that lies within the Universal Transverse Mercator(UTM) Zone 52, and ranges in UTM coordinates from 180,996.00 meters west to 187,206.00 meter east and from175,065.00 meters north to 165,427.00 meters south. For the classification, authors used the 6 band except 6th band in the Landsat TM. The BP of neural network provided the classification accuracy as good as MLC.

탄수화물에 관한 연구 : 디아세톤글루코스의 헥소퓨라노스고리에 대한 산화와 입체선택적 변형에 관한 연구 Oxidation and Stereoselective Modification of the Hexofuranose ring Derived from Diacetone Glucose

강석구,조현성,이재호 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1989 論文集 Vol.40 No.2

천연물 합성에서 출발물질로 유용하게 쓰이는 디아세톤 글루코스 헥소퓨라노스고리의 산화와 입체선택적 변형에 관하여 연구하였다. 이 고리의 C-3위치에 있는 히드록시기를 Trifluoroacetic anhydride(TFAA)로 사용하여 케토기로 산화시키는 방법을 연구한 후 얻어진 C-3 위치에 케톤에 대해 Grignard반응과 Wittig반응을 도입하여 퓨라노스고리의 C-3위치에 입체 선택적으로 치환기를 유도하는 방법을 연구하였다. 또한 고리밖의 곁가지의 변형도 아울러 연구하였다. We have studied on the oxidation and the stereoselective modifications of the hexofuranose ring derived from diacetone glucose. We have attempted the method of the oxidation with trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA) on the C-3 position of this furanose ring. On the other hand, we have induced the stereoselective substrate on the keto group of the C-3 position. The modifications of the side chain out of the ring have been also studied.

한국판 Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale의 임상적 적용

김용구,허지원,김계현,오강섭,신영철 大韓神經精神醫學會 2008 신경정신의학 Vol.47 No.1

Objectives : The EPDS (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) is a lO-items self-report scale designed as a specific instmment to detect postnatal depression by Cox et al. (1987). This study was to determine the optimal cut-offpoint ofthe K-EPDS for postpartum depression in Korea. Methods : The 239 pregnant women assessed their own psychiatric features with the Korean version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (K.-EPDS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and Marital Satisfaction Scale (MSS) at 6 months ofpregnancy, 1 week after delivery, and 6 weeks after delivery. Subjects above 9 points of K-EPDS at 6 week after delivery were interviewed with Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) to confirm postpartum depression. Results : The prevalence of postpartum depression was 12.6% (30/239 pregnant women) in our study. The total scores of K-EPDS at 6 weeks after delivery were higher significantly than those of nonnal group. The score gap of K-EPDS between the depressed pregnant group and the normal pregnant group was increased after the delivery. However, there were no differences in the epidemiological characteristics and the BDI scores at 6 weeks after delivery between groups. Using the AUC (area under the curve), the optimal point to assess the postpartum depression was revealed as 6 weeks after delivery (AUC=85.8%) or 24 weeks of pregnancy (83.7%). The cut-offpoint of K-EPDS to detect postpartum depression among pregnant women was 9/10score of K-EPDS (AUC= 81.8%). Conclusion : In the K-EPDS, cut-off score of 9/10 was optimal to assess the postpartum depression, and K-EPDS at 6 weeks of delivery was more useful than any other point of time. K-EPDS administrated during pregnancy may be a useful tool to find the vulnerability on the postpartum depression.

Pendulum 장치의 상악대구치의 원심이동에 대한 효과

이창섭,김재광,강덕일,송광철,정현구,이상호 대한소아치과학회 2001 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.28 No.3

Ⅱ급 치성교합을 가진 환자에서는 I급 구치부 교합관계를 형성하기 위하여 상악 대구치의 원심이동이 필요하다 본 연구에서는 pendulum장치를 이용한 상악 대구치의 원심이동시 대구치의 이동양상과 고정원의 전방이동 및 정출정도 등 치아와 골격에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 시행되었다. 상악 제1대구치를 원심이동시켜 1급 구치관계가 형성된 19명의 환자 (남: 8명. 여: 11명, 평균연령 11.68±1.52세)에서 장치 장착 전과 장치제거 직후에 얻어진 측면두부방사선사진을 비교 ·분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1.I급 교합관계를 형성하기 위해서 제 1대구치는 평균 2.94± 1.54mm 원심이동하였으며 . 1.17±0.97mm 함입되었고, 소요기간은 평균 18.13±7.95일이었다. 2.고정 원으로 사용된 치아는 1.34± 1.40mm로 유의하게 전방 이동하였으며, 0.48±0.99mm 정출되었다. 또한 절치는 유의한 전방이동 및 순측경사가 발생하였다(P<0.05) . 3.구개평면과 하악평면이 이루는 각은 유의한 증가를 보였다(P(0.05). 4.제1소구치 또는 제1유구치가 고정 원으로 이용된 경우 제2소구치 또는 제2유구치가 이용된 경우 보다 전방이동이 증가하였다(P<0.005). 5. 제2대구치의 발육단계에 따른 제1대구치 및 제2대구치의 이동양상은 어떤 항목과도 유의성이 없었다(P<0.05). 6.얻어진 총 공간 중 74%는 제1대구치의 원심이동이,26%는 소구치의 전방이동에 의하여 얻어졌다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 pendulum appliance는 상악 대구치의 원심이동에 매우 효과적이었으며. 고정원의 소실을 최소화하기 위해 제2유구치 또는 제 2소구치가 포함되어야 한다. 또한 제1대구치의 원심경사는 필연적으로 일어나며. 이를 최소화하기 위한 노력이 계속되어야 할 것으로 사료된다. Treatment of class Ⅱ malocclusions require distalization of maxillary molars into class I relationship. Intra-arch distal molar movement techniques have recently assumed an important role in young patients. In this study, the dental and skeletal effects of the pendulum appliance were evaluated by means of cephalometric radi-ographs. The samples were consisted of 19 patients: 11 females and 8 males, mean age 11.68± 1.52 years. Measurements were obtained from cephalometric prior to and the day of removal of the pendulum appliance. Treatment changes were analyzed. The following results were obtain : 1. The pendulum appliance produced 2.94±1.54mm distal molar movement with a mean intrusion of 1 17± 0.97mm, mean period 18.13±7.95 weeks. 2. The anchor tooth was 1.34± 1.40mm forward movement and 0.48±0.99mm extrusion, and labial tilting of incisors. 3. The angle between palatal plane and mandibular plane increased significantly 4 There was no significant difference in according to 2nd molar position. 5. Total movement was consisted of 74% distal movement of 1st molar and 26% forward movement of the an-chor tooth

人口豫測模型에 관한 硏究(1985)

崔鍾碩,申鉉山,姜正求 충남대학교 자연과학연구소 1986 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.13 No.1

In this paper, the population projection is estimated by the method of extrapolation which is based on logistic curve. It is required that each time interval of input data is one year. But census is not usually done punctually. So we try to use the raw census data and corrected them by appropriate transformation. For the population projection, we use four kinds of data : Model Ⅰ annual report from 1955 to 1985, Model Ⅱ linear correction of inter census population from 1955 to 1985, Model Ⅲ Compound interest correction on inter census population from 1955 to 1985, Model Ⅳ five years moving average correction of all inter census population. Estimation by model Ⅰ is not good because of large error caused from wrong estimation of population between census. We get a low projection model Model Ⅱ P=5,314/(1+1.4904 EXP (-0.050756t)) × 10 exp((4) from the second try, a high projection model Model Ⅲ P=5,429/(1+1.5438 EXP (-0.04973t)) × 10 exp(4) from the third try and a medium projection model Model Ⅳ P=5,379/(1+1.5190 EXP (-0.050392t)) × 10 exp((4) from the fourth try. We can guess at a saturation population and at a demographic transition point by virtue of an estimation of this logistic curve. The saturation population of Korea is estimated as 5,314×10 exp (4) by model Ⅱ in this paper. We have found the fact that the domographic transition point of Korea has been rapidly advancing since 1963.