http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
정진경 ( Jeong Jin Gyeong ),최성진 ( Choe Seong Jin ),정인배 ( Jeong In Bae ),한혁동 ( Han Hyeog Dong ),이영진 ( Lee Yeong Jin ),조주형 ( Jo Ju Hyeong ),한경희 ( Han Gyeong Hui ),박진규 ( Park Jin Gyu ),박광화 ( Park Gwang Hwa 대한산부인과학회 2003 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.46 No.12
Spontaneous umbilical cord hematoma is a rare cause of fetal distress and intrauterine fetal death. The perinatal mortality rate approaches 50%. Various causes of the cord hematoma have been suggested as congenital abnormalities, short cord, trauma, cord
민경희,안희균,한성희,정희진,Min, Gyeong-Hui,An, Hui-Gyun,Han, Seong-Hui,Jeong, Hui-Jin 국립문화재연구소 1984 保存科學硏究 Vol.5 No.-
The Investigation of organisms damaged to papers and cellulose materials of Cultural Property in the Ch'ang Dok Palace The investigation of the airborne fungi, the attached fungi to the papers and cellulose materials of Cultural Properties in addition to the insects inhabiting at the Ku Sonwon Jon, Shin Sonwon Jon and Yonwa ch'anggo in the Ch'ang Dok Palace carried out from Jul. 10 to Jul. 21,1984.The results are summarized as follows ;1. Isolation and identification of the airborne fungi from the three storages were Cladosporium sp., Alternaria alternata, As pergillus cervinus, A. flavus, A. nidulance, A. oryzae, A. terreus, A. versicolor, A. wentii, Penicillium adametzii, P.albicans, P.canescens, P. citreo-viride, P. citrinums, P. decumbens, P. frequentans, P. funiculosum, P.herquei, P.implicatum, P.multicolor, P.nigricans, P.nonatum,P.purpurogenum, P.roqueforti, P.viridicatum, Trichodema viride, Geotrichumcandidum, Curvvlaria lunata, Torula hebarum, T.thermophila, Itersoniliasalmonicolor, Drechsclera avenue, Candida sp., Acremonium sp., and Botrytis sp., It was found that thirty five species in thirteen genera was isolated. Among them, the dominant species was Cladosporium sp., and the order was Penicillium, Aspergillus, Alternaria and so on.2. The attached fungi directly isolated from the papers and cellulose materials of Cultural Properties were twenty-nine species in fourteen genera, namely, Acremonium sp., Albertiniella sp., Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus clavatus,A.niger, A.ornatus, A.versicolor, Botrytis sp., Bysochlamys sp., Carpenteles sp.,Chaetomium globosum, Cladosporium sp., Eurotium sp., Mucor sp., Penicilliumcanescens, P.chermesium, P.citrinum, P.frequentans, P.funiculosum, P.herqueiP .implicatum, P.javanicum, P.luteum, P.purpurogenum, P.thomii, P.viridicatum, Torula thermophila, Trichoderma koningi and T.viride. Among them, the mostfungi distributed on the surface of the papers and cellulose materials was Penicillium and the order was Aspergillus, Alternaria, Cladosporium, Trichodermaand so on.3. The insects collected the three storages were ten genera and ten species including 916 specimens. By classifying the insects collected, the most species of the insects was Stenoscelodes hayashii of 857 specimens occupied about 93% of the total insect. And the other insects were collected as Microgamme costipennisAnobium pertinax, Xenomimetes alni, Anthrenus verbasci, Holoparmecus signatus,Thermobia domestica, Halyomorpha brevis, Drosophila coracine and Brattaorientalis. As described above, it could be known that the most airborne fungi was Cladosporium and the order was Penicillium, Aspergillus, Alternaria in the three storages. And the most attached fungi distributed on the surface of papers and cellulose materials was Penicillium and the other fungi were Aspergillus, Alternaria Cladosporium, Trichoderma and so on. Accordingly, from the results, itwas assumed that the major part of airborne fungi were attached to the papers and cellulose materials of Cultural Properties. The paper and cellulose materials of Cultural Properties in Ch'ang Dok Palace were chiefly damaged by S.hayashii in Coleoptera.
문우경,차주희,한부경,최연현,김은경,최혜영,정수영,연경모,Mun, U-Gyeong,Cha, Ju-Hui,Han, Bu-Gyeong,Choe, Yeon-Hyeon,Kim, Eun-Gyeong,Choe, Hye-Yeong,Jeong, Su-Yeong,Yeon, Gyeong-Mo 대한영상의학회 2003 대한영상의학회지 Vol.49 No.6
목적:우리나라 유방촬영술 임상화질의 실태를 파악하고자 하였다. 대상과 방법:전국 257개 병의원에서 수집된 598예의 유방촬영사진에 대해 자세잡기,압박,대조도,노출수준,선명도,잡음,인공물,표지 등 8개 항목을 점수법 (1점,심각한 결함;2점,중요한 결함;3점,사소한 결함;4점,양호;5점,최상)으로 분석하였다.불합격은 임상영상평가 8항목중 4항목이상에서 3점이하인 경우나 인공물이나 표지를 제외한 항목에서 1-2점이 있는 경우로 했다.그 성적을 병원 종류 및 평가 항목별로 분석하였다. 결과:유방촬영 사진 598예 중 36.3%(217예)가 불합격으로 판정되었으며 병원종류별 불합격률은 대학병원 8.9%(11/123)(p<.01,Chi-square test),방사선과의원 38.2%(39/102),종합병원 42.6%(92/216),비방사선과의원 47.7%(42/88),법인의료단체(건강관리협회와 보건소)47.8%(33/69)였다.항목별 불합격률은 총 598예중 자세잡기 23.7%(142예)(p<.01,Chi-square test),표지 5.7%(34예),노출 5.4%(32예),대조도 4.2%(25예),선명도 2.7%(16예),압박 2.5%(15예),인공물 2.5%(15예),잡음 0.3%(2예)순이었다. 결론:전체 유방촬영 사진의 36.3%가 진단적 가치가 없는 것으로 나타났으며 대학병원보다는비방사선과의원이나 법인의료단체의 불합격률이 유의하게 높았다. Purpose: The goal of this study was to survey the overall quality of mammographic images in Korea. Materials and Methods: A total of 598 mammographic images collected from 257 hospitals nationwide were reviewed in terms of eight image quality categories, namely positioning, compression, contrast, exposure, sharpness, noise, artifacts, and examination identification, and rated on a five-point scale: (1=severe deficiency, 2=major deficiency, 3=minor deficiency, 4=good, 5=best). Failure was defined as the occurrence of more than four major deficiencies or one severe deficiency (score of 1 or 2). The results were compared among hospitals of varying kinds, and common problems in clinical image quality were identified. Results: Two hundred and seventeen mammographic images (36.3%) failed the evaluation. Poor images were found in descending order of frequency, at The Society for Medical Examination (33/69, 47.8%), non-radiology clinics (42/88, 47.7%), general hospitals (92/216, 42.6%), radiology clinics (39/102, 38.2%), and university hospitals (11/123, 8.9%) (p<0.01, Chi-square test). Among the 598 images, serious problems which occurred were related to positioning in 23.7% of instances (n=142) (p<0.01, Chi-square test), examination identification in 5.7% (n=34), exposure in 5.4% (n=32), contrast in 4.2% (n=25), sharpness in 2.7% (n=16), compression in 2.5% (n=15), artifacts in 2.5% (n=15), and noise in 0.3% (n=2). Conclusion: This study showed that in Korea, 36.3% of the mammograms examined in this sampling had important image-related defects that might have led to serious errors in patient management. The failure rate was significantly higher in non-radiology clinics and at The Society for Medical Examination than at university hospitals