Synthesis and Anion Binding Properties of the Trisurea Derivative of Calix[4]monoquinone

기연주,강성옥,조윤진,전승원,남계준,Gi, Yeon Ju,Gang, Seong Ok,Jo, Yun Jin,Jeon, Seung Won,Nam, Gye Jun Korean Chemical Society 2000 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.21 No.11

신앙이 말기 암환자 삶의 질에 미치는 영향

강승계,김수호,김신수,박희명,송근옥,원주희,이명숙,이성옥,이은의,이채영,이현미,Gang Seung-Gye,kim Su-Ho,kim Sin-Su,Park Hui-Myeong,Song Geun-Ok,Won Ju-Hui,Lee Myeong-Suk,Lee Seong-Ok,Lee Eun-Ui,Lee Chae-Yeong,Lee Hyeon-Mi 한국호스피스협회 2002 호스피스 학술지 Vol.2 No.2

Background: The purpose of this study is to find out to how much influence religion had on the quality of life in patients admitted to the hospice facility at Saemmul's House. Terminal cancer patients were assessed one to two weeks after admittance to Saemmul's House. Metohd: The subjects of this study were numbered at 75 patients and were admitted to the hospice facility at Sammul's house between January 2002 and July 2002. The data regarding quality of life was collected using a questionnaire prepared by the sammul Hospice and were analyzed by means of ANOVA and T-test. Result: As a result of this study, there was no noticeable difference in quality of physical, psychosocial life between the patients with conviction of salvation and the other patients. However, it shows that the former enjoyed a higher spiritual quality of life than the latter. In case of baptized patients and unbaptized patients, there were no differences in terms of physical and psychosocial quality of life, but the baptized patients demonstrated a higher spiritual quality of life. After admittance, patients were grouped by duration of conviction of salvation I.e., those that believed more than 5 years and those that believed less than 5 years. In terms of physical, psychosocial quality of life, there was little difference between the two groups. However, those who believed more than 5 years demonstrated a higher spiritual quality of life. However, there was no difference in quality of life among patients, regardless of their belief in God, after receiving spiritual care at the hospice. Conclusion: We got a few conclusions in accordance with result gained by this study. First, spiritual support is very important to improving quality of patients' lives in hospices. Second, hospice programs are needed keenly and spiritual support for patients from trained experts is needed 24 hours a day. Third, because trained experts(ministry) are urgently needed to lend spiritual support, hospice courses must be taught at all colleges of theology. Fourth, a hospice program must provide a proper atmosphere that can give spiritual support and therefore all hospices must build such as environment. Fifth, a tool for spiritual support of hospice must be developed.

Pilymeric Membrane Sodium Ion-Selective Electrodes Based on Calix[4}arene Triesters

김윤덕,정해상,강성옥,남계천,전승원,Kim, Yun Deok,Jeong, Hae Sang,Gang, Seong Ok,Nam, Gye Cheon,Jeon, Seung Won Korean Chemical Society 2001 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.22 No.4

New lipophilic triesters of calix[4]arene and calix[4]quinone are investigated as sodium ion-selective ionophores in poly(vinyl chloride) membrane electrodes. For an ion selective electrode based on calix[4]arene triester I, the linear response is 1 ${\times}$10-3.5 to 1 ${\times}$ 10-1 M of Na+ concentrations. The selectivity coefficients for sodium ion over alkali metal and ammonium ions are determined. The detection limit (logaNa+ = -4.50) and the selectivity coefficient (logKNa+,K+pot = -1.86) are obtained for polymeric membrane electrode containing calix[4]arene triester I.

시설 호스피스에 있어서 가족지지가 말기 암 환자의 삶의 질에 미치는 영향

강승계,김수호,김신수,박희명,송근옥,원주희,이명숙,이성옥,이은의,이채영,이현미,Gang Seung-Gye,kim Su-Ho,kim Sin-Su,park Hui-Myeong,song Geun-Ok,Won Ju-Hui,Lee Myeong-Suk,Lee Seong-Ok,Lee Eun-Ui,Lee Chae-Yeong,Lee Hyeon-Mi 한국호스피스협회 2003 호스피스 학술지 Vol.3 No.1

Background: The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of family support on the quality of life in patients admitted to the hospice facility at Saemmul Hospice. Method: The subjects of this study were 152 terminal cancer patients that were admitted to the hospice facility at Saemmul hospice between January 2002 and February 2003. Their each quality of life were assessed at admission, one, three, five and seven weeks at Saemmul Hospice using a questionnaire prepared by the Saemmul hospice and were anlalyzed by means of T-test. Result: There was no difference in the quality of life score between patients with family support and patients without family support in terms of physical, psychosocial, and spiritual aspects in the admission. There was no difference in the quality of life score between the patients with frequent family member's visit(>=8) and less frequent family visit(<=7), and between the patients whose family members stayed at the facility for 24hrs and the patients without staying family members. There was no difference in the quality of life score between the patients in low-middle and low-high class among 9 classes of familial economic status(high-high, high-middle, high-low, middle-high, middle-middle, middle-low, low-high, low-middle, low-low). There was no difference in the quality of life score between the patients whose familial religion were Christianity and the patients with other religions. After 1, 3, 5, 7 weeks assessment, the scores in the physical, psychosocial, spiritual aspect of quality of life were increased. Conclusion: The results suggest that family support is important to improve the quality of life in hospice patients and hospice care team is needed to replace 24 hours of family care. There is a urgent need of trained hospice care teams, so training programs for physicians, nurses, clergies, social workers, and volunteers are necessary.

고립성 폐결절에 관한 임상적 고찰

이종인 ( Lee Jong In ),이상수 ( Lee Sang Su ),원구태 ( Won Gu Tae ),안강현 ( An Gang Hyeon ),이성우 ( Lee Seong U ),백순구 ( Baeg Sun Gu ),김승률 ( Kim Seung Lyul ),용석중 ( Yong Seog Jung ),신계철 ( Sin Gye Cheol ),정순희 ( Jeong 대한내과학회 1993 대한내과학회지 Vol.44 No.2

N/A Background : Because there aremany different reporting results about the etologies of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs), we cannot know the exact incidence of each causative disease. SPNs have a good prognosis relatively even if it is a malignant lesion. In Korea, where there is a high incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis, the differential diagnosis of SPNs should be performed. Methods : Among 351 patients who visited Wonju Chistian Hospital for SPNs in chest x-ray between 1982 and 1989, we evaluated 74 patients in whom the causes of SPNs could be elucidated by sputum AFB study, cytology, histolgic study, chest of solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) seen at the Wonju Christian Hospital from 1982 to 1989. The followings were obtained. 1) The malignancies of SPN 74cases were 25 cases (33.7%). The primary lung carcinomas were 24 cases : The epidermoid carcinomas of these were 11 cases (45.8%), metastasis I case, tuberculoma 42 cases, and the other 7 cases. 2) The age distribution of benign lesions was from 19 to 73 years old with the mean age of 46 years old, and the age distribution of malignancies was from 17 to 77 years old with the mean age of 57 years old. The 23 cases (92.0%) of malignant nodules were more than 40 years old. The malignant frequency of SPN in a group of age more than 40 years old was 40.3% and in a group of age less than 40 years old, it was 11.7%. The malignant frequency was directly proportional to the increase of age(p<0.05). 3) The 3 cases of SPN were detected accidentally during physical up, all were benign. The 14 cases were detected during the evaluation of other diseases, 12 cases were benign. The 23 cases (40%) of 57 cases were symptomatic. Chest pain, dyspnea, and weight loss frequency in a group of less than 3cm in size was 11.9% and in a group of less than 3cm in size, it was 62.5% (p<0.05). 6) Calcifications were noted in 15 cases of 74 cases on the plain films, all were 7 central types, 7 diffuse types and 1 popcorn type. One of malignant cases had calcification on the chest CT scar. Among the 59 cases with non-calcified nodules, 25 cases were malignant (42.3%). The mean Hounsfield Unit of benign lesions was 182.5U and that of malignancies was 94U, there was a statistical difference between both groups(p<0.01). 7) The 21 cases (50%) of tuberculomas were located at the apicoposterior segment of upper lobe or the superior segment of lower lobe, but the 7 cases (28%) of malignancies were located at above sites. 8) The diagnostic accuracy of sputum study was 9.4% and that of fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) was 33.3%. The diagnostic accuracy of transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) and transthoracic needle aspiration biopsy (TTNAB) was 57.4%. The percentage of primary lung cancer among SPNs which are larger than 3cm in size, occurring in the age of older than 40 years old and with no calcifications on radiologic examintion should be suspected as malignancies and diagnosed with sputum study, fiberoptic bronchoscopy, TBLB, and TTNAB.

한국 시설호스피스의 원리와 실제

강승계,김수호,김신수,박희명,송근옥,원주희,이명숙,이성옥,이옥제,이은의,이채영,이현미,허필석,Gang Seung-Gye,Kim Su-Ho,Kim Sin-Su,Park Hui-Myeong,Song Geun-Ok,Won Ju-Hui,Lee Myeong-Suk,Lee Seong-Ok,Lee Ok-Je,Lee Eun-Ui,Lee Chae-Yeong,Lee Hyeo 한국호스피스협회 2002 호스피스 학술지 Vol.2 No.1

The hospice activities in Korea have still stood in the premature stage, although the contemporary hospice program, which professionally accommodates terminally ill patients, appeared in the history 35 years ago. Especially, the availability of the facility hospice is not only poor in number, but also lack of a guideline for the conduct of the facility. Saemmul Hospice has keenly felt the necessity of more facility hospices and has interchanged experiences and informations with people interested in hospice. However, the number of facilities has fallen short of one's expectations, and many problems have been revealed in order to maintain the operation. This paper was written in order to improve these atmospheres and to help more terminally ill cancer patients properly. This paper clarifies in detail the principle of management, the method of practice in each departments of Saemmul Hospice, expected effects and supplemental items. We try to provide concrete and practical informations and to help extensively for all peoples who are to begin or currently working. 1.Facility: It secures, maintain, and manage the hospice environment for all around care of patients effectively. 2.Education and Volunteer: It trains and manages hospice volunteers devoted to hospice. 3.Financial: It manages donation by healthy soul with an effective method. 4.Administration and Organization: It executes the administration efficiently and constitutes the organization to operate. 5.Medical and Nursing: It offers the maximum professional supports to a hospital. 6.Medicine and alternative medicine: It improves the quality of life of patients by medical and pharmaceutical approach and by other possible methods available. 7.Nutrition: It helps patients to have diets in accord with the order of the creation. 8.Belief: It offers spiritual care which allows the profound relationship with God. 9. Funeral ceremonies: Funeral ceremonies may heal grieves of families faced with their deaths. 10. Bereaved families: It supports the families after the deaths of patients. 11.Reception and consultation: It seeks to help the patients who meet the purposes for which Saemmul Hospice is established. 12.Publication: It allows publicity activities for Saemmul Hospice. Facility hospice programs are able to overcome the disadvantages that the other type of the hospice possess, like as the economic burdens of the families, and the patients' losses of comforts of home after being transferred to a hospital. Facility hospice can provide home atmosphere with professional manpower and facilities like hospital to the patients. Therefore, it can also improve patients' qualities of life and make them comfortable death. We anticipate that the hospice program in Korea would be more active to let more people be indebted to maintain the nobel human dignity and to cross beautifully in the most painful process of dying in the journey of their lives.

Ti 산화물강의 용접열영향부에서 Acicular Ferrite의 형성에 관한 연구

원형민,김용덕,하현승,김준기,김선진,강계명,Won, Hyeong-Min,Kim, Yong-Deok,Ha, Hyeon-Seung,Kim, Jun-Gi,Kim, Seon-Jin,Gang, Gye-Myeong 한국재료학회 1996 한국재료학회지 Vol.6 No.12

용접부 인성을 향상시키기 위해 Ti 산화물을 첨가한 Ti 산화물강에 대하여 용접시 최고가 열온도와 냉각속도의 변화가 용접열영향부의 미세조직에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 용접열영향부의 인성향상에 기여하는 acicular ferrite는 140$0^{\circ}C$ 이상의 최고가열온도와 $\Delta$t800-500가 40초보다 빠른 냉각속도에서 활발해 생성되었다. 오스테나이트 결정립내에서 개재물로부터 핵생성된 일차 acicular ferite의 생성량은 전체 aicular ferrite의 약 20% 정도로 적었으며 대부분의 acicular ferrite는 일차 acicular ferrite로부터 생성된 이차 acicular ferrite인 것으로 나타났다. 이차 acicular ferrite는 plate사이에 Fe3C층이 존재하는 것으로 보아 확산기구에 의해 생성되는 것으로 생각된다. 개재물은 TiO, TiO2, TiN, MnS, AI2O3 MnO(galaxite)등으로 구성된 복합상이었으며 개재물이 일차 acicular ferrite의 핵생성 site로 작용하기 위해서는 약 1$\mu\textrm{m}$이상의 크기가 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. Ti 산화물과 TiN는 직접적인 acicular ferrite의 핵생성 site로 작용하기보다는 MnS, galaxite 등의 석출 site로 작용하여 개재물의 크기를 증가시킴으로써 acicular ferrite의 생성을 촉진시키는 것으로 생각된다.