Discordance in Spirometric Interpretations Based on Korean and Non-Korean Reference Equations

Nami Kim,Mi-Hee Park,Se-yeong Kim,Chunhui Suh,Sangyoon Lee,Kun-Hyung Kim,Chae-Kwan Lee,Dae-Hwan Kim,Jong-Tae Lee 대한직업환경의학회 2013 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.25 No.-

Objectives: Korean regression models for spirometric reference values are different from those of other ethnic groups. The purpose of this study was to evaluate discordance in spirometric interpretations based on using Korean reference equations versus non-Korean reference equations. Methods: Spirometry was performed on 825 Korean male workers from April 2009 to November 2011. The spirometric patterns and disease severity were evaluated using two Korean equations (Choi’s and Lee’s) and three equations for Caucasians (NHANES III, Morris’s, and Knudson’s), and the results of Choi’s equation were compared with the non-Korean equations. The spirometric patterns were defined as normal, restrictive, and mild and moderate obstructive. Results: The mean differences in the FEV1% and FVC% between the two Korean equations were 2.0 ± 1.3% and 3.5 ± 2.2%, respectively. Morris’s equation had the greatest difference in the FEV1% from Choi’s equation: 32.9 ± 8.5%. Knudson’s equation had the greatest difference in the FVC% from Choi’s equation: 10.5 ± 6.5%. Conclusions: The two Korean equations shared similar characteristics of spirometric interpretation. The spirometric interpretations of Choi’s equation were significantly different from those of Morris’s equation and Knudson’s equation.

韓國學生의 姿勢形成 調査硏究

蔡鴻遠,李敏炯,申榮吉,金基學,李秀川,金正子 慶北大學校 體育科學硏究所 1990 체육과학연구지 Vol.6 No.-

In order to study the postures of Korean students, 4,448 students who lives in urban and rural community were participated as subjects and examined by using New York State Posture Rating Test Method with taking photographs. The results were subdivied into postures of body parts, total posture score, leg types, and lateral deviation and analysed as follows. 1. Postures of body parts 1) Head Tilt For elementary and middle school students, the cases of tilted head were shown more frequently in urban than rural and the ratio of the case of the tilted head was increased as grade was higher. On the other hand, high school studends had the opposite tendency. 2) Uneven Shoulder Height For elementary school childs, higher grades had better condition than lower grades, however, for high school students, those in urban had more cases of uneven shoulder than those in rural and girls showed more deviations than boys. 3) Scoliosis Rural childs had more cases of scoliosis than urban childs, but there were no differences of middle and high school students. 4) Uneven Hip Height Urban and rural childs showed some cases of uneven hip which belonged to normal ranges. Middle and high school studedns werw nearly perfect in the hip height, therefore the condition seems to change as they grow older. 5) Pronated Ankles For this part, those in rural showed better conditions than those in ruban in all age groups and, especially high school third grade students were more satisfactory in rural than urban(84% vs 50%) 6) Forward Head Elementary and middle school students appeared to be satisfactory regardless of age, sex and district, however 32% of high school girl students had forward head. 7) Round Shoulders Many students had round shoulders and some of them revealed severe conditions, There were large differences between urban and rural students. 8) Trunk Hyperextension Generally, girls showed better conditions than boys in trunk posture and, for high school boy students, conditions were differed according to their grades. 9) Sagging Abdomen More cases of sagging abdomen were revealed in ruban that rural for elementary girl students(30% vs 14%). For middle and high school students, there were differences between sex, boys showing more cases than girls in middle school and girls in high school. 10) Lordosis There were differences between urban and rural for elementary childs and high school boy students, however no differences were detected in other groups. Mean degrees of lordosis had a tendency of increasing as the age grew. 2. Total Posture Score For elementary childs, both boys and girls showed differences between urban and rural(75.95 vs 70.73, 75.16 vs 82.42), and, in rural girls seems to be more satisfactory than boys in comparison between boys and girls(p<. 001). In middle school group, rural students appeared to be significantly(p<.05) better than urban students for both sex(83.88 vs 81.93, 75.93 vs 75.02) and the result was same for the high school group(86.52 vs 84.03, 80.07 vs 78.10) 3. Leg types For elementary childs, girls revealed more cases of bowlegs and knock-knee than boys(6% vs 8.2%, 20.5% vs 30.3%). In high school group, the girls in rural showed more cases of bowlegs than those in urban(29.7% vs 13.0%) and, the knokc-knee, the result was opposite(19.3% vs 28.4%). 4. Lateral deviation 1) Head Tilt In elementary group, 11% of boys and 6.3% of girls had lateral deviation and, for high school students, 3.6% of boys and 5.4% of girls showed the deviations revealing girls had more cases of deviation than boys. 2) Uneven Shoulder Height 1.8% of elementary boys and 0.5% of girls had uneven shoulder and totally 1.5% of high school students showed uneven shoulder height. 3) Scoliosis 15.5% and 17.4% of elementary boys and 21.6% and 20.7% of girls deviated to right and left respectively. Urban students showed general trends to leftward deviation while rural students showed rightward deviation. 4) Uneven Hip Height In this part of posture, they showed good conditions in all age, sex, and district.

都農地域 靑少年의 姿勢形成 比較分析

蔡鴻遠,李敏炯,申榮吉,金正子 慶北大學校 體育科學硏究所 1988 체육과학연구지 Vol.4 No.-

The objective of this research is to analyze the actual state of juvenile posture formation and defects resulting from the environmental differences between urban and rural areas, and further to suggest the concrete data for the practical posture guidance. Boy and girl students from K junior and D girls' junior high schools of Taegu City and H junior high school of Kyungpook Province are selected as purposive samples. Thus 291 boys and 321 girls from urban and 260 boys and 270 girls from rural areas are sampled to be a total of 1142 boys and girls. As the methods of test, New York State posture Test(NYSPT), bowleg(0-type leg) and knock-knee(x-type leg) tests are used with the aid of photograph. Their results are as follows. 1. The final scores and percentages of NYSPT evaluation of boy students in urban and rural areas are 57.2(58%) and 58.0(60%), respectively, and their achievement scores are 6.3 and 6.8 within normal state. The comparison between urban and scores shows that rural students are in more correct posture with 1% level of significance than urban students. This is statistically meaningful(p<0.01). 2. The final scores and percentages of HYSPT evaluation of girl students i% urban and areas are 59.0(69%) and 60.0(69.3%), respectively, and their achievement scores are 7.0 and 7.2 within normal state. The comparison between urban and rural scores shows statistically meaningless with 5% level of significance(p<0.05). 3. The NYSPT evaluation scores of posture formation between boys and girls in both urban and rural areas shows that girls are in more correct posture than boys with average differences of 3.05 and 2.05, respectively. 4. The NYSPT evaluation according to bodily parts are as follows : In the lateral head deviation, average angles of urban and rural boys are 7.39° and 6.02°, whereas average angles of girls are 6.52° and 6.98°, respectively. All of these are inclined a little to the abnormal ragne. In the low shoulder, average angles of urban and rural boys are 1.44° and 1.33°, and also 1.46° and 1.33° to girls, respectively. All of these are within the normal range. In the scoliosis, the percentage of urban students are higher than the one of rural students. The students in the severe scoliosis are 0.73%%, 8 out of 1142 students. 5. In the average scores about the types of legs, distribution percentages and indices of bowlegs are 27.2%, 3.85 in the urban and 43.2%, 3.75 in the rural boys, respectively. In the girls, they are 20.6%, 3.89 and 29.6%, 3.90, respectively. This shows bowleg is more dominant to the rural students. Distribution percentages and indices of knock-knees are 15.5%, 4.57 and 12.7%, 3.95, respectively, in the urban and rural boys. In the girls, they are 7.17%, 4.0 and 0%, 0 respectively. This shows knock-knee is more dominant to the urban students.

사람 Ferritin 유전자를 이용한 담배의 형질전환

이주안,김형석,임채완,김해영,박영두 경희대학교 생명자원과학연구원 2002 硏究論文集 Vol.22 No.-

사람 H-chain ferritin 유전자를 Agrobcterium-mediated transformation 방법으로 담배(Nicotiana tabaccum L)에 전이시켰다. 이를 위하여 사람 H-chain ferritin 유전자를 C_(S)VMV promotor와 NOS terminator를 운반하는 plant binary vector, pILTAB 357에 도입하였다. pILTAB 357를 포함하는 Agrobcterium tumefaciens LBA4404로 담배 잎 절편체를 감염시킨 후 형질전환 신초는 MS배지에 1 5 ㎎/L BA, 50 ㎎/L kanamycin 그리고 200 ㎎/L cefotaxim이 첨가된 1차 선발배지에서 유도하였다. 유도된 신초는 MS배지에 100 ㎎/L kanamycin과 200 ㎎/L cefotaxim이 포함된 2차 선발배지에서 뿌리를 유기하였다. 뿌리가 형성된 재분화 개체는 온실에서 재배하였으며 자가수분하여 종자를 수확하였다. 사람 H-chain ferritin유전자의 담배 genome내로의 전이여부를 H-chain ferritin 유전자내의 primer를 이용하여 PCR 방법으로 확인한 바 형질전환 개체에서 예상했던 560bp 단편을 볼 수 있었으나 형질전환을 시키지 않은 식물체에서는 PCR 산물을 확인할 수 없었다. Kanamycin 저항성 분석은 전이유전자의 후대로의 안정적인 유전을 보여 주었으며 저항성 종자들은 homozygous개체를 확보하기 위해 온실에서 재배 중에 있다. A human H-chain ferritin gene was introduced into tobacco (Nicotiana tabaccum L.) plants by Agrobcterium-mediated transformation. To introduce this gene, human ferritin gene was cloned into plant binary vector, pILTAB 357, horboring CsVMV promotor and nopalin synthase terminator (3' NOS). After infection with Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 containing pILTAB 357, transformed shoots were induced from first selection media (MS media + 1.5 ㎎/L BA + 50 ㎎/L kanamycin + 200 ㎎/L^(1) cefotaxim). Induced shoots were rooted in second selection media (MS media + 100 ㎎/L kanamycin + 200 ㎎/L cefotaxim). Rooted shoots were cultivated, selfed, and seeds were harvested in the green house. To confirm the transfer of the human H-chain ferritin gene in the genome of tobacco plants, PCR was conducted using specific primers of the H-chain femritin gene. A PCR fragment of 560 bp was obtained from each transformed plants, which is the predicted size of the H-cham ferritin gene but not from nontransformed plants. Kanamycin resistance assay showed that transgenes were stably inherited to next generation in all lines. These resistance seeds from each line were cultivated in the green house to obtain homozygous lines for further study.

치과용 자성 어태치먼트의 내구성에 관한 연구

이상훈,정재헌,고영무 대한치과기재학회 1997 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.24 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the compare the endurance of the commonly used dental magnetic attachments using potentiodynamic polarization method. For this study, 2 kinds of Sm-Co based; Magfit 600 and Magfit 400(G.C.) and 4 kinds of Nd-Fe-B based dental magnetic attachments ; Hicolex Super J(Morita Co.), Magfit EX 600(G.C.), Magfit EX 400(G.C.) and Neomagnet(Preat Corp.) were chosen as a specimen and performed electrochemical corrosion test in 4 electrolyte solutions ; 0.9% NaCl, 1% lactic acid, 0.05% HCI, modified Fusayama's artificial saliva solution. In 4 kinds of electrolyte solutions, the potential scanning was performed starting from -1000mV(SCE) to 1300mV and scan rate was 1.25mV/sec. From this study, we calculated the values of corrosion potential(Ecorr), corrosion rate, pitting potential(Epit), and passivation current density resulted from anodic polarization curves and then obtained physical properties such as changing rate of magnetic flux density, amount of metal ion released, mean average surface roughness values, the changing of surface microhardness values, weight loss of dental magnetic attachments and observed surface of dental magnetic attachments using metallurgical microscope after electrochemical corrosion test. The obtained results were as follows : 1. In potentiodynamic polarization curves, SNM showed the lowest values of pitting potential and the most fast corrosion rate. 2. The amount of released metal was reduced in the order of ME6, SNM, MG4, MG6, ME4 and HSJ and was the greatest in applying the 0.9% NaCl solution and was the least in applying the modified Fusayama's artificial saliva. 3. The order of magnetic flux density was HSJ, MG6, ME6, MG4, ME4, and SNM before corrosion. The decreasing rate of magnetic flux density was the least in case of MG4 and was the greatest in case of SNM after first and second corrosion. The decreasing rate of magnetic flux density of 6 kinds of all magnetic attachments was the least in applying the 1% lactic acid solution. 4. The order of average surface roughness values(Ra) was SNM, MG6, MG4, ME4, ME6 and HSJ before corrosion. Average surface roughness values(Ra) was the greatest in case of SNM and was the least in case of HSJ after first corrosion. ME6 and ME4 showed the greatest increasing rate of average surface roughness values(Ra). 5. The order of average surface microhardness values(V.H.N.) was the least in case of HSJ and was the greatest in case of SNM after first and second corrosion. The decreasing rate of average surface microhardness values of 6 kinds of all magnetic attachments was the least in applying the 1% lactic acid solution. 6. The decreasing rate of weight loss was reduced in the order of ME6, SNM and ME4 after first corrosion and was reduced in the order of ME4, SNM, ME6 after second corrosion. The decreasing rate of weight change showed the greatest in applying the 0.9% NaCl solution and the least in applying the 1% lactic acid after second corrosion. In conclusion, all 6 kinds of dental magnetic attachments showed great decreasing of endurance and much more corrosion resulted in increased the amount of metal ion released, decreased the magnetic flux density, increased the surface roughness values, and highly decreased surface microhardness values and increased the weight loss of dental magnetic attachments. it should be considered that the choice of the commercial dental magnetic attachments was needed properly because their endurance showed differences among each king of products.

Depth Jump-Shocking「SQT」프로그램이 러닝블로킹에 미치는 效果

蔡鴻遠,李敏炯,申榮吉,林銖遠 慶北大學校 體育科學硏究所 1989 체육과학연구지 Vol.5 No.-

The main purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of depth jump shocking "super quality training ; SQT" programme for improving leg power performance of volleyball players. 9 male players were selected out of the volleyball players in KPU. The experiment was focused on jumping height, speed and repetitive jumping speed in the take-off in box drill dropping performance, various articles have reported that, during the take-off jump, exterior muscles at the beginning fulfill both work(the phase of amortization) and later overcoming work(phase of active take-off). Therefore, in the experiment the subjects were required to keep their both legs upward after the plumb-line jump from the box 50∼70㎝ height. The landing area was conditioned with jumping board(amortization phase) During the 8 weeks of experiment, the trading was regularly enforced once per day, 4 or 5 times frequence a week, the data statistically obtained were analyzed, the results of which are as follows : ① Blocking jumping height The performance of exp. subjects was greatly improved after experiment. The increase of blocking jumping height in the exp. subjects was 3.9㎝∼6.4㎝(6.5%∼12.8%). The values of all items were statistically significant at 0.001 level. ② Blocking jumping speed The performance of exp. subjects was greatly improved after experiment. The increase of blocking jumping speed in the exp. subjects was 20㎳∼170㎳(4.0%∼10.9%) The values of all items were statistically significant at 0.001 level. ③ Blocking repetitive jumping speed The performance of exp. subjects was greatly improved after experiment. The increase of blocking jumping speed in the exp. subjects was 360㎳∼1040㎳(6.1%∼10.8%). The values of items were statistically at 0.01 level.

社會體育振興을 위한 國民意識 再考方案

金柄斗,蔡鴻遠,安禹洪,李敏炯,申榮吉,金基學,鄭相澤,林銖遠 慶北大學校 體育科學硏究所 1987 체육과학연구지 Vol.3 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to investigate and analyze the nation's consciousness about the social physical education by regional groups(big cityes, middle cityes, farm village, fishing villge). And the researchers are to find a way to populize this movement. These subjects for this investigation were chosen at random among the citizens in four region. 4,450 sheets of questionnaire were given to the citizen. And 3,587(81%) sheets of them were received from male(2,582) and female(975) citizens. The results of this investigation are as follows: 1. The nation's consciousness has not been still modernized and the nation tend to depend on their doctors rather than on the new active leisure sports, which is a passive and conventional way, to keep their health. 2. Most people have spent their leisures on nonactive hobby such as reading, listening to music, and watching TV rather than sports. 3. Most residents pointed out lack of facilities, and needed professional directors and various programs they could participate. 4. The opening of citizen athletic field and the gymnasiums to citizens was needed to recruit the lack of facility, and the participation to commercial sport ws differed by economical status and leisure time, however, they usually participated such activities as table-tennis, swimning and tennis. 5. To activate social physical education, first of all, an expansion of the facilities such as athletic fields and gymnasium is needed under the active support of government. 6. The facilities for young men and the handicapped is insufficient, and to prevent juvenile delinquency and guide them into the right way, we should lead them out to participate sports activity. And the facility for the handicapped is needed too.

Tyramide-based Tyrosinase Assay (TTA), a Sophisticated Method to Detect a in Situ Tyrosinase Activity in Various Pigmentary Skin Disorders

( Yeong Kyu Lee ),( Kyu Won Choi ),( Chae Young Lee ),( Young Hun Kim ),( Chae Wook Lee ),( Ki Ho Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2007 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.59 No.2

Exploring Optimal Environmental Conditions for Viability of Pepper Protoplasts

Chae-Yeong Seo,Hea-Young Lee,Hyun-Ah Lee 한국원예학회 2022 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2022 No.11

Detection and Identification of Vibrio Species Using Whole-Cell Protein Pattern Analysis

( Lee Chae Yoon ),( Yeun Hong ),( Jio Ryu ),( Young Rok Kim ),( Sang Suk Oh ),( Soon Ho Lee ),( In Gyun Hwang ),( Hae Yeong Kim ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.8

Outbreaks of foodborne diseases associated with Vibrio species such as V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus, and V. cholerae frequently occur in countries having a dietary habit of raw seafood consumption. For rapid identification of different Vibrio species involved in foodborne diseases, whole-cell protein pattern analysis for 13 type strains of 12 Vibrio species was performed using SDS-PAGE analysis. Pathogenic Vibrio species such as V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus, V. cholerae, V. alginolyticus, V. fluvialis, and V. mimicus were included in the 12 Vibrio species used in this study. Each of the 12 Vibrio species showed clearly specific band patterns of its own. Two different strains of V. parahaemolyticus showed two different SDS-PAGE wholecell protein patterns, giving the possibility of categorizing isolated strains in the same V. parahaemolyticus species into two subgroups. The 36 Vibrio isolates collected from sushi restaurants in Busan were all identified as V. parahaemolyticus by comparing their protein patterns with those of Vibrio type strains. The identified isolates were categorized into two different subgroups of V. parahaemolyticus. The whole-cell protein pattern analysis by SDS-PAGE can be used as a specific, rapid, and simple identification method for Vibrio spp. involved in foodborne diseases at the subspecies level.