Measurement of Interleukin-33 (IL-33) and IL-33 Receptors (sST2 and ST2L) in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

홍연식,문수진,주영빈,전찬홍,조미라,주지현,오혜좌,허유정,박성환,김호연,민준기 대한의학회 2011 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.26 No.9

The interleukin-33 (IL-33)/ST2 pathway has emerged as an intercellular signaling system that participates in antigen–allergen response, autoimmunity and fibrosis. It has been suggested that IL-33/ST2 signaling has been involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), because IL-33 and its receptor have been specifically mapped to RA synovium. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of IL-33 and sST2 in sera and synovial fluids in patients with RA. The serum level of IL-33 was significantly higher in patients with RA (294.9 ± 464.0 pg/mL) than in healthy controls (96.0 ± 236.9 pg/mL,P = 0.002). The synovial fluid level of IL-33 was significantly higher in RA patients than in osteoarthritis patients. The level of serum sST2 was higher in RA patients than in healthy controls (P = 0.042). A significant relationship was found between the levels of IL-33 and IL-1β (r = 0.311, P = 0.005), and IL-33 and IL-6 (r = 0.264, P = 0.017) in 81 RA patients. The levels of IL-33, sST2 and C-reactive protein decreased after conventional diseasemodifying antirheumatic drugs treatment in 10 patients with treatment-naïve RA. Conclusively, IL-33 is involved in the pathogenesis of RA and may reflect the degree of inflammation in patients with RA.

동중서의‘춘추결옥’과 예의 법제화

최연식(Choi Yeon Sik),허진경(Hur Jin Kyong) 한국정치학회 2010 한국정치학회보 Vol.44 No.3

이 논문은 동중서의‘춘추결옥(春秋決獄)’에 대한 사례 분석을 통해 한대에 시도된 예의 법제화 과정, 즉 예(괋)와 법(法)이라는 두 가지 상이한 질서 개념이 습합하는 양상을 역사적으로 실증하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 동중서의 춘추결옥은 이러한 습합이 구체적인 사법적 판단 과정 속에서 어떻게 진행되었는지를 생생하게 보여주는 구체적인 사례일 뿐만 아니라, 그 이후에도 지속적으로 이어진 인경결옥(引經決獄), 즉 유교 경전에 입각한 사법적 판결 전체의 원형을 제시한 최초의 사례이다. 이 논문은 다음과 같은 세 가지 점에서 기존의 연구를 보완하고자 한다. 첫째 이 논문은 한 대의 유교 국교화 및 동중서의 춘추결옥이‘법의 유교화’가 아닌‘유교의 법제화’가 진행되는 과정에서 제기된 새로운 사법적 판단 방식이라는 점을 강조한다. 둘째 이 논문은 유교의 법제화라는 관점에서 동중서의 춘추결옥은『춘추번로』의 문제의식과 밀접하게 연관되어 있다는 점에 착안하고자 한다. 셋째 이 논문은『춘추번로』의 역사해석 방식과 춘추 결옥의 법적 추론(Legal Reasoning) 방식의 연관성에 초점을 맞추고자 한다. 동중서가『춘추번로』에서 제시한 세 가지 합리적 법 운용 원칙은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 구체적인 사건을 판결하는 데 있어서 보편 원칙뿐만 아니라 개별 사례의 특수성도 반드시 고려해야 한다는 점이다. 둘째, 겉으로 드러난 행위의 결과뿐만 아니라 행위자의 내면적 동기를 신중하게 고려해야 한다는 점이다. 셋째, 군권의 정당성은 하늘로부터 인증된 것이지만, 그것이 곧 권력의 자의적 행사를 담보하지 않고 오히려 권력의 제한을 가능케 하는 준거가 된다는 점이다. 이 논문은 이러한 세 가지 기준에 따라 춘추결옥의 6개 사례를 검토하고 분석한다. Tung Chung-shu’s Chun Qiu Jue Yu (春秋決獄, Judicial Decisions on Spring and Autumn Annals) was a concrete example of correspondence between Confucian rituals and Legalist’s laws. And it was the first case book of judicial decisions based on Confucian canons. The main arguments of this paper are as follows. First, Tung’s way of judicial decision was a product of ‘legalization of Confucianism’ that was initiated from Han Dynasty. Second, Chun Qiu Jue Yu is deeply related with and reflected the perspectives of Tung’s Chun Qui Fan Lu (春秋繁걠, Luxuriant Gems of the Spring and Autumn Annals). Third, accordingly this paper focuses on the logical relations between historical interpretation of Chun Qiu Fan Lu and legal reasoning of Chun Qiu Jue Yu. Tung suggested three principles of rational legal process and execution as follows. First, the special situations of individual case as well as universal principle should be considered in the process of judicial decisions. Second, the internal motives of actors as well as the external outcomes of actions should be carefully considered. Third, the legitimacy of King’s power can be approved by Heaven, but Heaven can also be the reference to restraint King’s power. This paper examines and analyzes six cases of Chun Qiu Jue Yu according to the three principles that Tung suggested.

한약처방과 외용약을 병용한 구창(口瘡) 환자 치험 1례

주경옥,허연식,원재선,김창환,Chou, Ching-Yu,Huh, Yeon-Sik,Won, Jae-Sun,Kim, Chang-Hwan 대한한방안이비인후피부과학회 2008 한방안이비인후피부과학회지 Vol.21 No.2

Objectives : This study is designed to investigate the effect of oriental medical therapy on Gu-Chang. Methods : We experienced one case of Gu-Chang treated with oriental medical treatment, such as acupuncture, herbal medication and medicines used externally. Results : After treatment, we were able to observe that the sore and the pain disappeared. Also, the general condition of the patient grew better. Conclusions : Oriental medical treatments were very effective for Gu-Chang.

구안와사 환자 50례의 스트레스 정도에 관한 임상적 연구

옥민근,허연식,김창환,박수은,Ock, Min-Keun,Huh, Yeon-Sik,Kim, Chang-Hwan,Park, Soo-Eun 대한한방안이비인후피부과학회 2006 한방안이비인후피부과학회지 Vol.19 No.3

Objective : This study is to explore the various of the stress by perceived by paitents with Bell's palsy Methods : 50 patients who were diagnosed as Bell's palsy were sequentially interviewed and examined Results : The results were as follows 1. The mean average PWI(Psychosocial well-being index, total : score)was $41.58{\pm}17.53$ :Factor I(Social performance and self-confidence) with a mean of $11.18{\pm}8.38$, Fact II( Depression) with a mean of $8.94{\pm}6.26$, Factor III(Sleeping disturbance and anxiety) with a mean $of7.56{\pm}5.20$, Factor IV(General well-being and vatality)with a mean $of9.90{\pm}4.44$ 2. With the respect to the general characteristics of subjects, there were statistically significant differences in the patients's stress perception by sex, having an occupation and the amount of sleeping time. Conclusions : We needed the further study about the relation between stress and Bell's palsy

류마티스관절염 환자의 활액 세포에서 IL-17과 $IL-1{\beta}$에 의한 IL-23p19의 발현 증가

조미라,허유정,오혜좌,강창민,이선영,홍연식,김호연,Cho, Mi-La,Heo, Yu-Jung,Oh, Hye-Jwa,Kang, Chang-Min,Lee, Seon-Yeong,Hong, Yeon-Sik,Kim, Ho-Youn 대한면역학회 2008 Immune Network Vol.8 No.1

Interleukin-23 (IL-23) is a novel pro-inflammatory cytokine which has been implicated to play a pathogenic role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study was undertaken to investigate the IL-23 inductive activity of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-17, $IL-1{\beta}$ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-${\alpha}$) in RA synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMC). Expression of IL-23p19, IL-17, $IL-1{\beta}$ and TNF-${\alpha}$ in joint was examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) of patients with RA and osteoarthritis (OA). The effects of IL-17 and $IL-1{\beta}$ on expression of IL-23p19 in human SFMC from RA patients were determined by reverse transcriptase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). IL-23p19 was expressed in the RA fibroblast like synoviocyte (FLS), but not from OA FLS. Similar to the protein expression, IL-23p19 mRNA could be detected by RT-PCR in RA SFMC. IL-17 and $IL-1{\beta}$ could induce RA SFMC to produce the IL-23p19. The effects of IL-17 were much stronger than $IL-1{\beta}$ or TNF-${\alpha}$. These responses were observed in a doseresponsive manner. In addition, IL-17 or $IL-1{\beta}$ neutralizing antibody down-regulated the expression of IL-23p19 induced by LPS in RA-SFMC. Our results demonstrate that IL-23p19 is overexpressed in RA synovium and IL-17 and $IL-1{\beta}$ appears to upregulate the expression of IL-23p19 in RA-SFMC.

Cephalomedullary Nailing with an Additional Cannulated Screw Fixation in Basicervical Femur Fractures

김경환,남우동,허연식,정구희 대한골절학회 2024 대한골절학회지 Vol.37 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the clinical results of patients with basicervical fracture undergoing cephalomedullary nailing (CMN) with an additional cannulated screw fixation compared to only performing CMN. We hypothesized that a difference may exist in the clinical outcomes if an additional screw is fixed with CMN compared to only performing CMN in basicervical fracture. Materials and Methods: A total of 28 consecutive patients who underwent CMN for basicervical fracture were included. In 9 cases, only CMN was conducted, and in 19 cases, an additional cannulated screw fixation was performed with CMN. Bone union, sliding distance, reduction status, and fixation failure were evaluated by postoperative radiography, and ambulatory ability was evaluated by functional results. These findings were compared between a group of CMN and a group of CMN with an additional cannulated screw. Results: There were 4 males and 24 females with a mean age of 84 years (range, 69–100 years). No significant difference was found in postoperative reduction, tip-apex distance, bone union, and walking function recovery after surgery between the two groups, but in the sliding distance of the lag screw, the CMN group demonstrated more sliding (6.2 mm [range, 2.5–13.4 mm] vs 3.5 mm [range, 0.1– 9.2 mm]; p=0.045). Among the two groups, only one case of fixation failure at the postoperative four months was observed in the CMN group (p=0.321), and hemiarthroplasty with nail construct removal was performed. Conclusion: CMN with additional cannulated screw fixation is a safe and reliable surgical option in basicervical fracture. It provided favorable clinical outcomes and may be a good alternative for treating basicervical fracture.

면포를 중심으로 한 순환교대근무 간호사와 주간고정근무 간호사의 피부질환 양태에 관한 연구

옥민근,박수은,김창환,허연식,Ock, Min-Keun,Park, Soo-Eun,Kim, Chang-Hwan,Huh, Yeon-Sik 대한한방안이비인후피부과학회 2006 한방안이비인후피부과학회지 Vol.19 No.3

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences of skin disease, particularly Acne between the rotating shift work nurses and the nurses on a fixed day schedule. Methods : Questionnaries were distributed to 30 rotating shift work nurses(the rotating group) and 34 nurses on a fixed day schedule(the daytime group). The questionnaris included questions on general health concepts, insomnia skin disease(particularly Acne), gastroenteric trouble, menstrual irregularity. Result : 1. There was significant difference on skin disease(particularly Acne) between two groups. 2. There was no significant relation between Gastroenteric trouble and Acne. But, in particular, there was significant relation between Constipation, Gastritis and Acne. 3. There was no significant relation between menstrual irregularity and Acne. 4. In Acne group, more than 70% felt the necessity of treatment, but only 2.5% used Korean Oriental Medical therapy. Conclusion : Disorder of circadian rhythm affects the skin disease(particularly Acne) more than Gastroenteric trouble and menstrual irregularity. But in this study, the total number of the nurse is not enough. So we need more accurate study about the aspects of skin disease. And about the Acne, publicity of Korean Oriental Medical therapy is required.

황련해독탕(黃連解毒湯) 약침(藥鍼)을 병용한 대상포진(帶狀疱疹) 치험 2례

박수은,김창환,한다님,허연식,Park, Soo-Eun,Kim, Chang-Hwan,Han, Da-Nim,Huh, Yeon-Sik 대한한방안이비인후피부과학회 2007 한방안이비인후피부과학회지 Vol.20 No.2

Objectives : These 2 case studies were made to evaluate and observe the treatment for the Herpes Zoster through the Hwangryunhaedoktang Herbal Acupuncture. Methods : Clinical observation analysis about 2 cases of Herpes Zoster had been done for the patients of the DongSeo Medical Center. These cases were mainly treated with subcutaneous injection of Hwangryunhaedoktang Herbal Acupuncture at the vesicles. Results : After the treatment, the vesicles were cleared and the pain was decreased. Conclusions : Based on the clinical results, Hwangryunhaedoktang Herbal Acupuncture can be one of a good remedy for Herpes Zoster.