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Bulk-Si와 PD-SOI에 형성된 SiGe p-MOSFET의 전기적 특성의 비교
최상식,최아람,김재연,양전욱,한태현,조덕호,황용우,심규환,Choi, Sang-Sik,Choi, A-Ram,Kim, Jae-Yeon,Yang, Jeon-Wook,Han, Tae-Hyun,Cho, Deok-Ho,Hwang, Yong-Woo,Shim, Kyu-Hwan 한국전기전자재료학회 2007 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.20 No.6
This paper has demonstrated the electrical properties of SiGe pMOSFETs fabricated on both bulk-Si and PD SOI substrates. Two principal merits, the mobility increase in strained-SiGe channel and the parasitic capacitance reduction of SOI isolation, resulted in improvements in device performance. It was observed that the SiGe PD SOI could alleviate the floating body effect, and consequently DIBL was as low as 10 mV/V. The cut-off frequency of device fabricated on PD SOI substrate was roughly doubled in comparison with SiGe bulk: from 6.7 GHz to 11.3 GHz. These experimental result suggests that the SiGe PD SOI pMOSFET is a promising option to drive CMOS to enhance performance with its increased operation frequency for high speed and low noise applications.
지역중소기업의 디자인권리 창출을 위한 특허기술을 기초로 한 세라믹스피커 디자인개발에 관한 연구
최상천 ( Sang Cheon Choi ),허진용 ( Jin Yong Hur ),윤명한 ( Myung Han Yoon ) 한국정보디자인학회 2011 정보디자인학연구 Vol.16 No.-
본 연구는 중소기업의 디자인권리를 창출하고 지식재산권의 강화를 위하여 디자인 개발 시 특허청에 등록된 제품을 중심으로 선행디자인 검색을 통하여 지역 중소기업의 제품개발에 유리하도록 진행되고 기업의 지식재산 강화를 위하여 하나의 표준 프로세스로 진행하고자한다. 진동스피커 시장동향 분석 및 경쟁상품 분석과 최근 디자인 트랜드를 고려한 상품 사용자 층의 설정 및 분석, 사용자 타겟이 선호하는 디자인분석 및 그에 따른 스피커디자인 개발로 제품외형 디자인 개발(3D 시뮬레이션 및 CAD도면) 이후 소형진동 세라믹스피커 외장디자인 개발, 기업의 마케팅 방향에 부합하는 세라믹스피커 디자인 개발, 타 경쟁사와 차별화되는 독창적인 세라믹스피커 디자인 개발 이후 디자인 권리화를 위한 디자인 출원으로 경쟁력을 확보한다. 젊은이들이 선호할 수 있는 감성도가 높은 제품디자인 개발과 최근 이슈화되고 있는 스마트 폰과 연동될 수 있는 디자인 개발에 그 목적을 두고 있다. This research wishes to creates medium and small enterprises` design patents and when develops design for strengthening of intellectual property right, is gone so that is profitable in product development of area medium and small enterprises through search which is design product registered in the Korean Industrial Property Office and progresses in a standard process for knowledge property strengthening of enterprise. With development, ceramics speaker design development coinciding on marketing direction of enterprise, other rival company which is small size shock ceramics speaker design since product external form design development (if is 3D simulation and CAD degree) by connection shock speaker market eastern exposure analysis and competition goods analysis and set and analysis, design analysis that user target prefers and development that is design accordingly of goods user class which consider the latest design trend differentiation since done unique ceramics speaker design development by design application for design right anger competitive power secure.
최상묵,한수부,고재승,강윤선,Choi, Sang-Mook,Han, Soo-Boo,Koo, Jea-Seung,Kang, Yun-Seon 대한치주과학회 1993 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.23 No.2
This study was designed to examine the effect of tetracycline application to the planed periodontal surgery of the experimentally induced periodontal disease in dogs. Modified Widman flap surgery was done and aqueous tetracycline (1%) was applied to the root surface for 5min, after which the wound was rinsed with saline, and flaps were coronally repositioned. Root surface ntoches were used as reference points. The animals were sacrificed 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks after surgery, and block sections of tooth and surround tissue were processed for conventional light and electron microscopy. The results were as follows : 1. A more coronal position of junctional epithelium was observed in the area treated with tetracycline. 2. In the most of the tetracycline - treated teeth, the new collagen fibrils of connective tissue were oriented vertical/or oblique and parallel to the root surface. The vertical or oblique fibers were inserted into the denuded dentin matrix and contacted with exposed dentin collagen fibrils. 3. In the tetracycline - treated root, new cementum apposition, most of acellular extrinsic fiber cementum, was seen with bundles of oriented collagen fibrils incoporating into the cementum. 4. In the control and tetracyclin - treated teeth, bone resorption was observed at the alveolar crest in the 1 week groups.
신종 플루 폐렴으로 입원한 환자들에서 주요 합병증 발생과 관련된 인자
최상식 ( Sang Sik Choi ),김원영 ( Won Young Kim ),김성한 ( Sung Han Kim ),홍상범 ( Sang Bum Hong ),임채만 ( Chae Man Lim ),고윤석 ( Youn Suck Koh ),김원 ( Won Kim ),임경수 ( Kyung Su Lim ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2010 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.68 No.3
Background: To date, there are few data on the risk factors for severe cases and deaths associated with the 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza A. Here, we describe the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of patients hospitalized for pneumonia and identify those factors associated with the development of major complications (MC). Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 41 cases of pneumonia admitted to a university-affiliated tertiary hospital between Aug 26 and Dec 10, 2009, and who had confirmed H1N1 influenza A based on real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction assay. There were 7,962 patients that fit these criteria. We compared the clinical features and demographic characteristics of patients who developed MC to with those who did not develop MC. Results: During the study period, 10 patients developed MC (required admission to the intensive care unit, n=10; required ventilator therapy, n=6; death, n=4). Patients with MC were significantly older than those without MC and more frequently had underlying medical conditions (90.0% vs 41.9%, p-value <0.01). In the patients with developed MC, the median PaO2/FiO2 ratio of 230.0 (145.0∼347.3) at admission and pneumonia severity index (PSI) score of 141.5 (88.3∼158.5) were higher than patients without MC. However, no differences were observed in laboratory findings or in viral shedding between the 2 groups. Conclusion: In hospitalized pneumonia patients of 2009 H1N1 influenza, old age, a history of malignancy, initial hypoxemia, PaO2/FiO2 ratio, and PSI score appear to be risk factor significantly related to developing MC. These findings might be the basis to influence strategies for admitting patients to an intensive or intermediate care unit and for pre-emptive antiviral therapy.
Field 규모 연속 토양세척공정을 이용한 비소 오염토양 정화 효율 평가
최상일,김강홍,한상근,Choi Sang Il,Kim Kang Hong,Han Sang-Keun 한국지하수토양환경학회 2005 지하수토양환경 Vol.10 No.6
고농도 비소 오염토양에 대한 fold규모 연속 토양세척공정의 적용 가능성을 평가하기 위해 경상남도 D광산 광미 혼합토양에 대하여 적용하였다. 초기 비소오염 농도는 $321\pm32 mg/kg$ dry soil 이었으며 pilot규모 실험에서 도출된 기본 운전조건을 적용한 결과, 세척된 토양의 잔류 비소농도는 2.03 mg/kg dry soil로서 $99\%$의 높은 제거효율을 나타내었다. 경제성 및 효율성을 개선하기 위하여 세척제의 농도, cut-off size, 진탕비를 조절하며 운전한 결과, 토양세척 공정 운전시 원활한 운전관리와 처리단가 등을 고려한 최적의 운전조건은 1) 각 단계의 세척제 농도 0.2M HCl-1.0M HCl-1.0M NaOH, 2) cut-off size 0.15mm(sieve $\sharp$100), 3) 진탕비 1:3으로 처리한 결과 세척된 토양의 잔류 비소농도는 2.03mg/kg이었으며 세척유출수 처리에서는 형성된 Hoc의 과포화로 인한 침전방해가 발생하지 않는 pH 6이 (33 ppb) 최적의 처리조건으로 판단되었다. 최종 배출된 청정자갈 및 토양, 티ter cake에 대하여 TCLP법을 적용한 용출실험 결과, 각각 1.04, ND, 0.07 mg/L 모두 용출비소 농도기준(5 mg/L)을 만족하며, 탈수슬러지의 함수율$(48\%)$도 폐기물관리법의 슬러지 수분함량 기준$(85\%)$을 만족하여 매립처리가 가능함을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구의 field 규모 연속 토양세척공정은 고농도 비소 오염부지의 정화를 위한 기술로 적용 가능함을 확인할 수 있었다. This study was carried out to evaluate the feasibility of field-scale sequential soil washing process for remediation on Kyongsangnamdo D mine soils which was heavily contaminated by arsonic. Arsenic concentration of untreated soils was $321\pm32mg/kg$. By applying the basic operating condition which was proposed from several pilot-scale experiments, arsenic concentration of treated soils was reduced 2.04 mg/kg ($99\%$ removal efficiency). We optimized the basic operating condition (mainly on washing solution concentration, cut-off size, and mixing ratio) to improve efficiently and economically the field-scale sequential soil washing process. The resulting optimized conditions were that solution concentration is 0.2M HCl, 1.0M HCl, 1.0M NaOH, that the cut-off size is 0.15mm (seive $\sharp$100), and that the mixing ratio is 1 3. Also, the optimized pH value for soil washing effluent treatment was 6 (33 ppb), in which the precipitation disruption caused by supersaturation of the floe did not occur. Results of TCLP tests showed that arsenic concentration from the washed gravels was 1.043 mg/L, that from soils ND (not detected), and that from filter cakes 0.066 mg/L. Also, the water content as a percentage of dewatered sludges was low $(48\%)$ and so the dewatered sludges can be disposed by landfilling. Through these results, we can concluded that tile field-scale sequential soil washing process developed in this study is adopted for remediation of arsenic-contaminated soils.
터널내 탄성파 탐사의 3차원 구조보정기법 개발 및 현장적용
최상순,한병현,김재권,이인모,Choi, Sang-Soon,Han, Byeong-Hyeon,Kim, Jae-Kwon,Lee, In-Mo 한국터널지하공간학회 2004 터널기술 Vol.6 No.3
본 연구에서는 터널내 탄성파 탐사로부티 터널막장 전방 파쇄대를 예측하기 위한 두 가지의 3차원 구조보정 기법을 제안하였다. 첫 번째 해석기법은 타원체의 원리에 기초한 것으로 터널 양쪽 벽면에서 각각 독립적으로 탄성파 탐사를 수행하여 얻은 2차원 해석 결과를 이용하여 3차원 구조보정을 수행할 수 있다. 두 번째 해석기법은 파전파 평면의 개념을 도입한 것으로 터널내 탄성파탐사를 터널 한쪽 벽면에서만 송신을 수행한 반면, 수진기는 양쪽 벽면에 설치한 경우에 적용할 수 있는 기법이다. 새로운 구조보정 기법을 현장 터널내 탄성파 탐사 자료에 적용해 보았다. TSP 시험자료를 이용하여 3차원 구조보정을 수행한 후, 그 결과를 터널 굴착과정 중 조사된 지질정보와 비교해 보았다. 그 결과 제안된 구조보정 기법을 통하여 불연속면의 형상을 비교적 정확히 예측할 수 있음을 확인하였다. Two 3-dimensional data processing techniques to predict the fractured zone ahead of a tunnel face by the tunnel seismic survey were proposed so that the geometric formation of the fractured zone could be estimated. The first 3-dimensional data processing technique was developed based on the principle of ellipsoid, The input data needed for the 3D migration can be obtained from the 2-dimensional tunnel seismic prediction (TSP) test where the TSP test should be performed in each sidewall of a tunnel. The second 3-dimensional migration technique that was developed based on the concept of wave travel plane was proposed. This technique can be applied when the TSP is operated with sources in one sidewall of a tunnel while the receivers are installed in both sidewalls. New migration technique was applied to an in-situ tunnelling site. The 3-dimensional migration was performed using measured TSP data and its results were compared with the geological investigation results that were monitored during tunnel construction. This comparison revealed that the proposed migration technique could reconstruct the discontinuity planes reasonably well.