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김정일,맹원재,장문백 ( J . I . Kim,W . J . Maeng,M . B . Chang ) 한국축산학회 1986 한국축산학회지 Vol.28 No.2
Rice straw was treated with 4% anhydrous ammonia in a wire mesh silo and stack and 4% sodium hydroxide of the weight of rice straw dry matter (3.3% in a air dry rice straw). Treatment period with ammonia was winter time from September 23 to February 14, and chopped rice straw with 4-5 cm was sprayed with sodium hydroxide dissolved in water of 50% of straw weight and stacked for 96 hours, and then dried in a shadow. In vitro digestibility studies and goat metabolism trials with 4 × 4 Latin square design were conducted. Crude protein content of ammonia-treated rice straw, compared with 4.2% of untreated rice straw, was 11.9% (wire mesh silo) and 9.6% (stack) and increased 2.8 fold and 2.3 fold, respectively. Crude protein content of sodium hydroxide treated rice straw was 3.9% and decreased 7.1% over untreated rice straw. Digestible crude protein contents of untreated and sodium hydroxide treated rice straw were 0.6% and 0.5%, respectively, however, that of ammonia treated rice straw was 7.6% (wire mesh silo) and 5.6% (stack), which were considerably higher than untreated and sodium hydroxide treated rice straw. NDF, ADF, and cellouse contents of rice straw were decreased by ammonia and sodium hydroxide treatment. In vitro dry matter, NDF, ADF and cellouse digestibilities were increased significantly by ammonia and sodium hydroxide treatment (P$lt;0.01). Increases of in vitro digestibilities were the highest in sodium hydroxide treated rice straw and followed by ammonia treated rice straw in wire mesh silo. However, in vivo digestibilities of rice straw were the highest with ammonia treated rice straw in a wire mesh silo and were not different between ammonia treated rice straw in stack and sodium hydroxide treated rice straw. Rice straw intake increased by 62% in ammonia treatment in a wire mesh silo, by 26% in ammonia treatment in stack and by 35% in sodium hydroxide treatment (P$lt;0.05). Water intake and urine excretion were significantly increased by ammonia and sodium hydroxide treatment of rice straw (P$lt;0.05) and highest with goat fed sodium hydroxide treated rice straw. Digestible dry matter and TDN contents of untreated and ammonia treated in a wire mesh and stack and sodium hydroxide treated rice straw were 48.6%, 57.4%, 54.3% and 52.9%, and 40.5, 53.9, 47.7 and 47.9, respectively. Concentration of total VFA in rumen fluid was the highest in ammonia treated rice straw in a wire mesh silo and composition of individual VFA was not significantly different among treatment.
Coenzyme Q10 다량 발현 미생물을 이용한 Rumen Simulation Continuous Culture (RSCC) System 반추위 내 미생물 발효 특성에 대한 연구
배귀석,여준모,장문백,김종남,Bae, G.S.,Yeo, J.M.,Chang, M.B.,Kim, J.N. 국립한국농수산대학교 교육개발센터 2017 현장농업연구지 = Journal of practical agricultural resear Vol.19 No.1
This study was conducted to confirm the rumen fermentation characteristics of large-scale CoenzymeQ10(CoQ10) producing bacteria R. spharoides in rumen. We conducted in vitro continuous culture test to investigate the characteristics of rumen fermentation with 5% R. spharoides as a direct fed microorganism. A rumen microbial fermentation characteristic has stability at after 12 days for 15 day of experimental period. pH value, NH<sub>3</sub>-N, microbial protein synthesis, ADF digestibility and NDF digestibility were not shown significantly differences between control and treatment. However, UDP was significantly higher in treatment than control (p<0.05). CoQ10 concentration was 336.0mg/l with 5% R. spharoides. On the other hands, CoQ10 was not detected without R. spharoides. Our study was shown that R. spharoides can produce CoQ10 in rumen environment without harmful effects on rumen fermentation parameter. CoQ10 in rumen may transfer into cow milk through cow metabolism. This strategy might be helpful for producing functional dairy cow milk.
김인원(I . W . Kim),맹원재(W . J . Maeng),장문백(M . B . Chang) 한국축산학회 1989 한국축산학회지 Vol.31 No.6
This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of 3% ammonia treatment of rice straw on the chemical composition, in vitro digestibilities. fermentation time, and fermentation rate. And incubation time was carried out for 12, 24, 48, 72, 96hr at given incubation time by in vitro batch culture method. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Crude protein content of 3% ammonia treated rice straw, compared with 5.34%, in untreated rice straw was 9.55% which unexpected showed increase of 178.84%. Compared with untreated rice straw. NDF and ADF contents of ammonia treated rice straw were decreased by 10.45%, 10.53%. respectively. In comparison untreated and ammonia treated rice straw, contents of crude fiber, crude ash, and ether extract were not changed. 2. Retained ammonia nitrogen content in ammonia treated rice straw was 27.53%. 3. In vitro digestibilities of dry matter, NDF, ADF and cellulose were increased significantly by the ammonia treatment(p $lt;0.05). 4. In comparison untreated and ammonia treated rice straw, crude protein digestibilities of ammonia treated rice straw(24.02, 36.28, 60.29, 69.95, and 73.63%) at given incubation time divided by 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 hours were much higher than untreated rice straw(16.90, 21.27, 33.43, 49.31, and 49.28%). respectively. 5. Dry matter fermentation of untreated rice straw required 160.26 hours. which means dry matter fermented 0.62% per hour. Dry matter fermentation of ammonia treated rice straw required 99.44 hours(1.01%/hour). Fermentation rates of NDF, ADF, cellulose were showed the highest increase in ammonia treated rice straw.
배추 부산물의 식이섬유를 첨가한 글루텐프리 튀김 프리믹스의 품질특성
해설여,박지현,허예나,김민주,배귀석,장문백,문보경,Hai, Xue-Ru,Park, Ji-Hyun,Heo, Ye-Na,Kim, Min-Joo,Bae, Gui-Seck,Chang, Moon-Baek,Moon, Bo-Kyung 한국식품조리과학회 2017 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.33 No.2
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the quality characteristics of gluten-free frying pre-mix with insoluble dietary fiber powder (IDFP) from Chinese cabbage by-product. Methods: Frying powder mix was prepared with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0% IDFP. Fried powder mix only whit brown rice powder was used as a control. Spreadability, pick-up ratio and color of batter, texture, moisture and oil contents, oil absorption and sensory evaluation of fried sweet potato were determined. Results: L and a-values of batter decreased with increasing amount of IDFP, whereas b-value increased with IDFP addition. Hardness and crispiness of fried sweet potato increased with IDFP addition until 1.5%. Moisture content of fried sweet potato increased with higher IDFP addition whereas oil content and oil absorption decreased with increasing amount of IDFP. Sensory evaluation of fried sweet potato showed the best results in the 0.5% of IDFP addition group. Conclusion: Overall preference of IDFP samples was significantly higher than that of control. Based on the study, the optimal amount of IDFP for gluten-free fried powder mix was determined to be 0.5-1.5%.
항균활성 천연물질을 이용한 반추위 메탄저감용 친환경 첨가제 개발
이아름,양진호,조상범,나종삼,심관섭,김영훈,배귀석,장문백,최빛나,신수진,최낙진,Lee, A-Leum,Yang, Jinho,Cho, Sang-Buem,Na, Chong-Sam,Shim, Kwan-Seob,Kim, Young-Hoon,Bae, Gui-Seck,Chang, Moon-Baek,Choi, Bitna,Shin, Su-Jin,Choi, Nag-Jin 한국유기농업학회 2014 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.22 No.3
본 연구는 천연물질에서 유래한 반추위 메탄저감용 친환경 첨가제 개발을 위해 각기 다른 종균을 이용하여 발효한 세신 추출물의 항균활성, 항산화활성 및 in vitro 반추위 발효시험을 체계적으로 실시하였다. 접종된 균주들의 성장효율을 알아보기 위해 실시한 생균수측정 결과 L. curvatus NJ40 균주에서 유의적으로 높은 균주성장을 나타냈다(p<0.05). 항균활성측정 결과는 대조구 대비 L. curvatus NJ40 및 L. plantarum NJ45 균주와 발효된 세신 추출물이 병원균에 대한 항균효과를 나타내는 것으로 조사되었다. In vitro 반추위 발효실험에 세신 및 발효 세신 추출물을 적용한 결과, 휘발성 지방산 생성량 대비 반추위 메탄 저감효과가 나타났다. 특히 반추위 미생물 활력 및 사료이용 효율을 대표할 수 있는 휘발성 지방산 생성효율에 대한 부정적 효과 없이, 오히려 휘발성지방산 생성효율을 향상시키면서 반추위 메탄 저감효과를 가져올 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. The present study was conducted to investigate effective starter culture to improve biological activity of Asarum sieboldii. Antibacterial activity, antioxidant activity and reduction of enteric rumen methane production were used as criterions for biological activity. Ground A. sieboldii was added in MRS broth at 10% (w/v) and fermented by different starter cultures. Weissella confusa NJ28, Weissella cibaria NJ33, Lactobacillus curvatus NJ40, Lactobacillus brevis NJ42, Lactobacillus plantarum NJ45 and Lactobacillus sakei NJ48 were used for starter culture strains. Each starter culture was inoculated with 1% (v/v) ratio and fermentation was performed at $30^{\circ}C$ with agitation (150 rpm) for 48 h. MRS broth for the control was employed without starter culture. Then the fermentation growth was dried and extracted using ethyl alcohol. The growth of starter culture was detected at NJ40, NJ42, NJ45 and NJ48. And the highest cell growth was found in NJ40. Antibacterial activity against to Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogens, Mannheimia haemolytica and Salmonella gallinarum were observed in the extract fermented by NJ40 and NJ45. All treatments showed antioxidant activities, however, there were no significant differences (p>0.05). In in vitro rumen fermentation, negative control (NC) and positive control (PC) were assigned to without extract and with non-fermented A. sieboldii extract. Significant suppression of gas productions were detected in positive control and treatments compared to negative control (p<0.05). However, total volatile fatty acid production was not suppressed. Significant methane reduction per total volatile fatty acid productions were found in positive control and NJ45 treatment (p<0.05). The present study suggested a fermentation of A. sieboldii using NJ45 strain could improve its biological activity and make possible for its use in bio additive for enteric rumen methane mitigation without suppression of animal productivity.
돈분사일리지의 발효성장에 미치는 수분함량 및 당밀대체수준의 영향
정태영(T . Y . Chung),김기철(K . C . Kim),이상락(S . R . Lee),김종민(C . M . Kim),최일(I . Choi),장문백(M . B . Chang),맹원재(W . J . Maeng) 한국축산학회 1993 한국축산학회지 Vol.35 No.5
In view of the effective recycling of animal waste, the fermentation characteristics of swine manure ensiled under various conditions were investigated as the first step to search how to reuse animal waste as feed for animals. The moisture content of swine manure was adjusted to 30, 50 and 70%, respectively and molasses was substituted at the levels of 0, 15 and 30% in each treatment. Small vinyl bags were used as silos for ensiling, and changes of the contents of various organic compounds were measured during the ensiling period of 0, 3, 10 and 30 days, respectively. The temperature for ensiling was constant to be 22℃ for all treatments. The silage pH which is generally used as a criterion to evaluate the fermentation quality of silage was significantly (p$lt;0.001) decreased as levels of moisture and molasses content were increased. In contrast, the content of water soluble carbohydrate was significantly(p$lt;0.01) decreased with higher contents of moisture and molasses. This results may indicate molasses were used as an effective source of energy for the fermentation of swine manure. However, because the values of pH in this study were higher in all treatments than that of the general forage silage, it was presumed that the supply of available energy for microbial growth was a~ot enough in all treatments of this experiment. Furthermore, this inference was supported by the fact that lactic acid was not detected in all treatments so that the fermentation was not progressed up to that of lactic acid formation. More detailed research regarding the sources and levels of available energy for microbial growth may be needed in the future particularly when ensiling swine manure.