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이호균(Ho Gyun Lee),이애영(Ai Young Lee),이유신(Yoo Shin Lee) 대한피부과학회 1990 대한피부과학회지 Vol.28 No.4
Aquagenic urticaria is a rare form of physical urticaria in which wheal is produced by contact with water. A 21-year-old woman was referred to our department because of itching wheal after contact with water for 1 month. Match-head-sized wheal surrounded by bean sized erythema was provoked with water on her face regardless of its tempera ture, osmolarity and quality. Passive transfer test was negative. Result of pro vocation test with normal saline and NaHCO solution, which was reported to be therapeutically effective, was similar to those with pure water. (Kor J Dermatol 28(4): 456 458, 1990)
마이크로에멀젼형 준수계 세정제의 배합조건 변화에 따른 물리적 특성 및 세정성능 영향
이호열 ( Ho Yeoul Lee ),한지원 ( Ji Won Han ),이명진 ( Myung Jin Lee ),박병덕 ( Byeong Deog Park ),한상원 ( Sang Won Han ),이동기 ( Dong Ki Lee ),박선우 ( Sun Woo Park ),황인국 ( In Gook Hwang ),배재흠 ( Jae Heum Bae ) 한국공업화학회 2003 공업화학 Vol.14 No.2
본 연구에서는 유기용매의 종류 및 함량, 계면활성제의 종류 및 함량, 보조계면활성제/계면활성제(cosurfactant/surfactant, A/S) 비율 등의 변수에 따라 배합된 마이크로에멀젼형의 준수게 세정제들의 물리적 특성과 플럭스에 대한 용해력을 측정하였다. 또한, 세정공정 중에 사용되는 헹굼액의 유수분리성을 측정하여 헹굼액의 재활용성을 평가하였다. 배합된 세정제들은 water-in-oil (W/O) 형태의 마이크로에멀젼을 형성하였으며, 30.2~32.5 dyne/cm의 낮은 표면장력과 낮은 점도 값을 보여 세정공정에서 침투력이 좋을 것으로 예상되었다. 플럭스에 대한 용해력은 계면활성제의 소수성이 증가할수록 높게 나타났으며 terpene을 함유란 세정제들이 hydrocarbon 형태의 세정제와 대응품(CPA, CPB)에 비해 우수한 용해력을 보였다. 그리고, 배합된 세정제들을 함유한 헹굼액은 우수한 유수분리성을 보여 헹굼액의 재활용이 가능하여 경제적인 부담과 수질오염을 줄일 수 있음을 보여주었다. In this study, two kinds of microemulsion-type semi-aqueous cleaning agents that consisted of organic solvent, surfactant, cosurfactant, and water were formulated by changing formulation parameters such as organic solvent type and contents, surfactant type and contents, and cosurfactant/surfactant(A/S) ratio. Physical properties and flux removal of the formulated cleaning agents have also been evaluated. The performance of oil-water separation from the rinse water contaminated during the cleaning process was evaluated for its recycling. The formulated cleaning agents in this work were found to form water-in-oil (W/O) type microemulsion and they were expected to have good penetration because of their low viscosity and low surface tension of 30.2~32.5 dyne/cm. The flux removal with the terpene type cleaning agent was higher than those of hydrocarbon type cleaning agent and two commercial products (CPA, CPB), and the solubility increased with hydrophobicity of the nonionic surfactant. The performance of oil-water separation from the rinse water containing formulated cleaning agent and soils was found to be very good. Therefore, the cleaning agents formulated in this work seemed to have good cleaning efficiency to have economical advantage and water pollution reduction by recycling the rinse water.
이호동(Ho Dong Lee)(李好童) 위기관리 이론과 실천 2011 Crisisonomy Vol.7 No.4
오늘날 새로운 위기등장과 영향력의 다양성으로 인해 대처의 난이도가 변화되고 있고, 지금까지 구축한 위기 관리체계 역량제고의 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 우리나라는 안보법제 중심이고, 국내외 위기사안을 포괄적으로 관리할 수 있는 법제기반이 부족한 것이 현실이다. 현행 재난 및 안전관리 기본법을 보강ㆍ개정하여 개별 법률을 체계화하고, 행정기본계획을 통해 위기관리체계 구축 및 역량제고를 도모할 필요가 있다. 국가안전관리기본계획의 지침적 성격으로의 보강을 통해 효과적으로 국가위기관리체계의 전체상과 기본방향이 설계될 수 있도록 해야 한다. 특히, 국제정세와 위기사안의 탈경계성을 감안하여 안전보장과 위기관리를 포괄할 수 있는 법제 수립, 그리고 우리 사회에 적합한 위기관리 맥락을 구체화하여 현행 위기관리 관련 법률 전체에 내장시키고 체계화함으로써 효과적인 국가위기관리 기반구축을 모색해야 한다. In recent years, we have witnessed a series of spectacular crises and disasters. The world of crises and disasters seems to be changing. Unfortunately, contemporary societies are becoming more vulnerable to relatively small disturbances. In the international community, there is growing recognition that the focus of crisis management must shift from response- oriented and recovery toward mitigation. In 2004, the Council of Korea Government has enacted the Disaster and Safety Management Act, which incorporates a broader focus based on principles of disaster management process. But, the government requires promote a national strategy that emphasizes intergovernmental cooperation and coordination for crisis management process and hazard risk reduction. Furthermore, the law needed to improve with revisions that the purpose of identifying, assessing, and its to built in crisis management context. It requires that the government make to a law on comprehensive crisis and emergency management, temporarily called the National Crisis Management Act.