족관절 유합술

이두연,성일훈,Lee, Doo-Yeon,Sung, Il-Hoon 대한족부족관절학회 2011 대한족부족관절학회지 Vol.15 No.3

Ankle arthrodesis has been considered to be the standard operative treatment for end-stage ankle arthritis, nevertheless currently increasing arthroplasty. Indication for arthrodesis is painful ankle from global arthrosis regardless of the etiology. But it is hard to be carried out in the several circumstance such as infection states, poor vascularity, severe diabetes, prematurity, etc. So thorough evaluation should be done before the surgery, including adjacent joints status. The ideal position for fusion is neutral in flexion, functional valgus, and slightly external rotation. Methods of arthrodesis would be largely divided into two categories as in situ fixation and realignment procedure. The lateral and anterior longitudinal approaches are two common procedures, and fixation modalities are also variable. The long-term results of arthrodesis have been reported. Even the close follow-up have shown subsequent degeneration of adjacent joints, benefits such as reliable pain loss, easy correctability for deformity, and improved functional status with considerable durability can be expected in the most patients.

칸트의 자연미를 근거로 한 환경 윤리 담론

이두연(LEE DOO YEON) 한국도덕윤리과교육학회 2018 도덕윤리과교육 Vol.- No.61

본 논문은 인간중심주의에 근거한 환경 윤리 담론이 갖는 문제점이 무엇인지를 살펴보고, 칸트의 자연미와 숭고미를 통한 쾌의 감정에서 그 해결책을 모색하고자 한다. 이를 위해 칸트의 『판단력 비판』에 등장하는 무관심성, 숭고, 자연미에 대한 직접적인 관심이라는 독특한 개념이 도덕적 감정을 함양하는 데 어떤 역할을 담당하는지 논의해볼 것이다. 이는 인간중심주의로 알려진 칸트의 논의가 환경 윤리 담론에서 해결 가능성을 가질 수 있음을 밝히는 것이다. 칸트는 자연을 도덕적 고려의 대상으로 여기는 것을 부정한 것이 아니라 자연의 권리, 도덕적 중요성을 인간의 존엄성에 비해 좁게 평가했을 뿐이다. 이를 배경으로 칸트의 담론을 약한 인간중심주의로 규정하고 환경 위기를 극복하기 위해 필요한 인간과 자연의 관계를 바르게 규정하고자 한다. This paper examines the problems of environmental ethics discourse based on human centrism and seeks to find a solution to the emotions through Kant’s natural beauty and sublime. For this purpose, I will discuss how Kant’s unique concept of direct attention to disinterestedness, emotion of sublime, and natural beauty, which appear in Kant’s Critique of Judgment, plays a role in cultivating moral emotions. Kant’s argument, which is known as anthropocentrism, can be solved in the discourse of environmental ethics. Kant does not deny the moral status of nature, but merely narrows the rights and moral importance of nature to human dignity. In this context, Kant’s discourse is defined as weak human - centeredness and the relationship between human and nature necessary to overcome environmental crisis is properly defined.

칸트 교육론의 인성 교육적 함의 연구

이두연(Lee Doo Yeon) 한국도덕윤리과교육학회 2015 도덕윤리과교육 Vol.- No.48

본 연구는 칸트 교육론이 도덕과 인성교육에 줄 수 있는 함의를 연구하였다. 현재 한국의 인성교육은 형식적인 차원에서만 이루어지고 있다. 이러한 점에서 인간학적, 형이상학적 이해 에 근거를 두고 있는 칸트 교육론은 인성교육에 적절한 함의를 줄 수 있을 것이다. 이를 위 해 칸트 도덕교육의 이론적 배경이 되는 도덕교육 이론을 체계화하여 정리하였다. 더 나아가 칸트 교육론에서는 인성 교육적 방법론으로 소크라테스식 문답법과 윤리적 금욕주의법을 제 시하고 있다. 이러한 칸트 교육론은 인격주의, 인간존엄성의 원리를 표방한다는 점에서 인성교육의 철학 적 토대를 마련하는 데 이론적 기초가 될 수 있을 것이다. This paper studied the implications of Kant’s pedagogical theory on character education. Today, the character education in Korea remains at a perfunctory level. In this regards, Kant’s pedagogical theory, which is rooted on humanistic and metaphysical foundation, could give us lessons and suggestions on character education in Korea today. Accordingly, this paper systematically analyzed and summarized the theory of moral education, a theoretical background to Kant’s view on moral education. Furthermore, Kant recommends Socratic teaching method and ethical asceticism in his pedagogical theory. Kant’s pedagogical theory, in that is based on personalism and respect for human dignity, can become a theoretical foundation for developing a philosophical base for character education.

밀의 공리주의의 도덕 교육적 활용 : 사회적 감정에 기초한 유덕한 성격 계발을 중심으로

이두연(Lee, Doo Yeon) 한국교양교육학회 2020 교양교육연구 Vol.14 No.6

본 논문은 밀의 공리주의 이론이 쾌락이나 이익에 대한 공리주의적 원칙뿐만 아니라 내적 제재의본성적인 토대가 되는 사회적 감정을 중요하게 생각했다는 점에 주목하였다. 즉, 내적 제재의 기초인사회적 감정을 통해 그동안 결과주의와 효용의 가치를 중심으로 평가되던 밀의 공리주의가 도덕 교육적으로도 활용될 수 있는 가능성을 탐색해보고자 하는 것이다. 특히 본 논문에서는 공감적, 연상적 제어장치를 통해 형성된 사회적 감정이 유덕한 성격을 계발하는 데에 필수적이라는 사실을 중심으로, 도덕교육적으로 활용할 수 있는 가능성을 검토해 보았다. 이러한 내용을 토대로 유덕한 성격 형성을 위해서는교육이 강력한 힘을 발휘할 수 있어야 하며 도덕 감정을 활용한 자기 수양의 과정이 강조되어야 함을확인할 수 있었다 This paper noted that Mill s Utilitarianism regarded not only the Utilitarian principles of pleasures and interests, but also the social feelings which constitute the intrinsic foundation of internal sanctions. In other words, the aim of this paper is to explore the possibility that Mill s Utilitarianism (which has been evaluated as the value of “consequentialism” and utility), can be used educationally through social emotions, which are themselves the basis of internal sanctions. In particular, in this paper I examined the possibility of applying moral education, focusing on the fact that social emotions formed through empathic and associative control devices are essential for cultivating a confirmed character. Based on this research, I would like to argue that in order for it to form what may be regarded as a confirmed character, education must be able to exert a good deal of power. Furthermore, the process of self-discipline using moral emotions must also be emphasized.

칸트의 자기 만족감 개념을 토대로 한 행복과 도덕의 상관성에 관한 연구

이두연 ( Lee Doo-yeon ) 한국윤리교육학회 2021 윤리교육연구 Vol.- No.61

본 연구는 어린이-청소년 행복을 구성하는 객관적 지표들은 떨어지지 않는데, 정작 어린이-청소년들이 주관적으로 느끼는 행복은 떨어지는 사실에 주목하여 그 기제를 밝히기 위한 목적에서 출발하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 칸트가 말한 ‘선의지와 결합된 참된 만족감과의 일치’상태인 최고선이 도덕과 행복의 관련성을 찾을 수 있는 지점이라고 판단하고, 칸트의 자기 만족감(Selbstzufriedenheit) 개념을 활용하여 행복과 도덕의 상관관계를 확인하였다. 또한 지금까지 학계에 보고된 연구들이 행복에 대한 정의가 실제 교육 현장에서 어떠한 양상으로 나타나고 있는지, 다시 말해 실제 학교교육의 방향을 좌우하는 교과서에 행복 관련 내용 요소가 결여되어 문제가 발생하는 것인지 아니면 행복 관련 내용을 전달하는 방법에 문제가 있는 것인지 등을 따져보는 과정을 생략하고 있다. 이러한 점에 착안하여 2015 개정 도덕과 교과서에 행복과 자기 만족감이 어떻게 서술되어 있는지를 분석하여 도덕 교육이 학생들의 행복 지수 증가를 견인할 수 있는 방안을 찾아보고자 하였다. This study started with the purpose of elucidating the mechanism by paying attention to the fact that the objective indicators constituting the happiness of children and adolescents do not fall, but the happiness subjectively felt by children and adolescents does fall. To this end, this study judges that the highest good, which is the state of 'concordance with true satisfaction combined with good will' as described by Kant, is the point where the relationship between morality and happiness can be found. The correlation between happy and morality was confirmed. In addition, studies that have been reported in academia so far. In other words, whether the problem arises from the lack of happiness-related content elements in textbooks that determine the direction of actual school education, or how to deliver happiness-related content. The process of checking whether or not there is omitted. With this in mind, we tried to find a way that moral education can lead to an increase in the happiness index of students by analyzing how happiness and self-satisfaction are described in the 2015 revised moral textbooks.

무지 외반증 각변형에 대한 디지털영상의 전산화 계측: 100%와 150% 확대영상에서의 계측비교

성일훈,이두연,성창호,서우영,Sung, Il-Hoon,Lee, Doo-Yeon,Sung, Chang-Ho,Seo, Woo-Young 대한족부족관절학회 2012 대한족부족관절학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Purpose: To study computerized measurements of angular parameters on 100% and 150% resized digital radiography of hallux valgus deformity Materials and Methods: 30 digital radiography of standing foot anteroposterior view of hallux valgus patients were included. Two observers(A, B) independently measured hallux valgus angle (HVA), 1-2 intermetatarsal angle (IMA), and distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA) in two times on both 100%-size and 150% magnified images respectively, using computerized measurement software tools. The results were interpreted with the statistical software program, Statistical Analysis System, version 9.2. Results: In repeated measurements of each observer, measurements on 150% magnified image showed no differences of all three parameters and with 100%-size image, there were differences of HVA (observer A) and 1-2 IMA (observer B) (p>0.05). When testing interobserver reliability, both observers showed differences in measurement of HVA and DMAA (p<0.05), but no differences in measurement of 1-2 IMA in both images. Within the 95% confidence interval, limits of error of measurements between two observers on HVA, IMA and DMAA were $2.7^{\circ}$ $1.4^{\circ}$ and $5.0^{\circ}$ respectively in 100%-size images, and $2.6^{\circ}$, $1.6^{\circ}$ and $4.7^{\circ}$ respectively in 150% magnified images. Conclusion: In computerized measurements for angular parameters of hallux valgus with digital radiography, 150% magnified images showed intraobserver reliability. Both 100% and 150% magnified images failed to show interobserver reliability. Measurement of 1-2 IMA in both 100% and 150% images showed less interobserver error.

무지 외반증의 중증도에 대한 전산화 영상 계측

강창남,최경진,이두연,김상덕,성일훈,Kang, Chang-Nam,Choi, Kyung-Jin,Lee, Doo-Yeon,Kim, Sang-Duk,Sung, Il-Hoon 대한족부족관절학회 2009 대한족부족관절학회지 Vol.13 No.1

Purpose: To study the reliability of intra- and interobserver reliability in angular measurement of hallux valgus deformity by assessing hallux valgus angle (HVA) and the 1st to 2nd intermetatarsal angle (1-2 IMA) through using computerized system. Materials and Methods: 20 cases of moderate to severe hallux valgus patients were included in this study. With the standing anteroposterior view of foot, the HVA and 1-2 IMA were calculated by computerized measurement system of Infinity cooperation, called ${\pi}$-view, with its software tools. Using the statistical software program, SPSS (version 12th), we interpreted the results which were measured by two independent observers. Results: In the intraobserver measurement, the HVA of observer A showed reliability ($32.5^{\circ}{\pm}6.9$ and $33.1^{\circ}{\pm}6.8$)(p<0.05). 1-2 IMA in observer A was not regarded as reliable ($16.9^{\circ}{\pm}2.8$ and $17.1^{\circ}{\pm}2.8$)(p>0.05). In the results of observer B, HVAs were measured as $35.7^{\circ}{\pm}7.6$ and $36.2^{\circ}{\pm}7.7$, and were not reliable (p>0.05). 1-2 IMA in observer B was not reliable as well ($17.0^{\circ}{\pm}0.8$ and $20.8^{\circ}{\pm}1.5$)(p>0.05). In the interobservers' measurements, the first and the second results of HVA were $3.2^{\circ}{\pm}3.6$ and $3.1^{\circ}{\pm}3.1$, reliable within the 95% confidence interval (p<0.05). 1-2 IMAs were $0.1^{\circ}{\pm}1.9$ and $3.73^{\circ}{\pm}1.3$, which were not reliable (p>0.05). Conclusion: In the angular measurement of the hallux valgus by computerized system, the HVA and 1-2 IMA showed less error range in the interobserver's results, compared with the previous studies about the manual measurement. However, our results failed to show the statistical reliability of intra- and interobserver's measuring. Therefore, even the computerized angular measurements in the severity of hallux valgus require development of the measuring methods and software tools.

디지털 영상을 이용한 무지 외반증 변형각 측정에서 서로 다른 두 계측 방법의 비교

성일훈,김기천,성창호,서우영,이두연,조영아,Sung, Il-Hoon,Kim, Ki Chun,Sung, Chang-Ho,Seo, Woo-Young,Lee, Doo-Yeon,Cho, Young A 대한족부족관절학회 2013 대한족부족관절학회지 Vol.17 No.1

Purpose: To study inter- and intra-observer reliabilities of computerized measurements of the angular parameters of hallux valgus deformity, using two different kinds of software tools for angle measurement on the digital radiography. Materials and Methods: On 35 digital radiographies of standing foot anteroposterior view of hallux valgus, two observers (A, B) independently measured hallux valgus angle (HVA) and 1-2 intermetatarsal angle ($IMA_{1-2}$) twice, using two methods. In method I, an angle was determined from duplicated lines to longitudinal axes made for bisecting line on the target bones with software tool. In method II, an angle was calculated automatically and directly from bisecting lines (longitudinal axes) made on the target bones. We compared two methods using paired t-test to determine significance of differences. Inter- and intraobserver reliabilities were evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Results: There were no significant differences between measurements of method I and II for each observer (p>0.05) and intraobserver reliability were good. (ICC>0.9) Inter-observer reliability for method I and II was good of the HVA (ICCs, 0.912 and 0.905) and moderate of the $IMA_{1-2}$ (ICCs, 0.505 and 0.537). There were interobserver differences in HVA of method I and II. Conclusion: No significant difference was found statistically between measurements of method I and II. Both methods I and II would be acceptable to measure angular parameters of hallux valgus deformity.

외상성 척추 후만증에서 전후방 병합수술과 후방 단독 수술의 비교

박예수(Ye-Soo Park),이영석(Young-Seok Lee),백승욱(Seung-Wook Back),김재훈(Jae-Hoon Kim),이두연(Doo-Yeon Lee) 대한정형외과학회 2011 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.46 No.3

목적: 외상 후 척추 후만 변형에 대한 교정술을 받은 환자를 대상으로 후향적 연구를 실시하여, 전후방 및 후방 도달법에 의한 교정술에 따른 결과의 차이를 비교 분석하고, 수술 후 국소 후만각의 교정 소실과 연관된 위험 인자를 분석하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2004년 9월부터 2009년 8월까지 흉요추부 골절에서 외상 후 후만 변형으로 교정 수술을 시행하고 1년이상 추시가 가능하였던 환자 19예로, 전후방 교정 유합술을 시행한 10예를 A군, 후방 교정 유합술을 시행한 9예를 B군으로 분류하여 비교 분석하였다. 술 전, 술 후, 최종 추시시 방사선 분석 및 한국어판 Oswestry disability index (ODI) 및 visual analog scale(VAS)를 이용한 임상적 평가를 시행하였으며 교정 소실에 있어서 위험 인자들의 상관 관계를 분석하였따. 결과: A군에서 술 전 국소 후만 변형은 35.2도였고 수술 직후 11.1도, 최종 추시시 15.7도 교정되어 24.1도의 후만 교정(68.4%)과 4.6도(19%)의 교정 소실이 관찰되었다. B군에서 술 전 국소 후만 변형은 34.2도였고 수술 직후 9.3도, 최종 추시시 13.8도 교정되어 24.9도의 후만 교정(72.8%)과 4.5도(18.3%)의 교정 소실이 관찰되었다. 교정 소실의 위험도 분석에서는 A군과 B군 모두에서 골다공증이 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 임상적 결과 ODI와 VAS 값은 두 군에서 모두 호전을 보여주었으며 통계학적 차이는 없었다. 결론: 외상 후 척추 후만 변형은 후방 교정만으로도 전후방 교정 유합술과 동일한 정도의 교정이 가능하였으며 교정 소실률에서도 차이가 없었다. 최종 추시시 교정 소실의 방지를 위해 골다공증에 대한 예방이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Purpose: We wanted to analyse the differences of the radiological and clinical results between the combined approach and the posterior approach for treating posttraumatic kyphosis in elderly patients and to determine the risk factors for the loss of correction after the operation. Materials and Methods: Between September 2004 and August 2009, 19 patients who underwent an operation for posttraumatic kyphosis and were follow-up for at least one year were included in this study. The combined approach (A group) was done for 10 patients, while the posterior approach (B group) was done for 9 patients. Radiological study and clinical evaluation, including the Korean version of the Oswestry disability index and the visual analog scale (VAS), were performed before surgery, after surgery and at the final follow-up. The risk factors related to the loss of correction of kyphosis at the fracture site were analyzed. Results: In group A, the mean kyphotic angles were 35.2 before surgery, 11.1 degrees after surgery and 15.7 degrees at the final follow-up. There was 24.1 degrees (correction; 68.5%) of correction of the kyphotic angle with 4.6 degrees (19%) loss of correction. In group B, the mean kyphotic angles were 34.2 before surgery, 9.3 degrees after surgery and 13.8 degrees at the final follow-up. There was 24.9 degrees (72.8%) correction of the kyphotic angle with 4.5 degrees (18.3%) loss of correction. The clinical data was improved to the same degrees. The loss of correction was statistically correlated with osteoporosis. Conclusion: In conclusion, the posterior approach can correct the posttraumatic kyphosis in a fashion similar to that of the combined approach. The patient’s osteoporosis should be thoroughly treated for preventing correction loss.

윤상인두근 운동이상증 치험

서정기(Jeong Kee Seo),박효진(Hyo Jin Park),이두연(Doo Yeon Lee),김기황(Ki Whang Kim),오세창(Se Chang Oh),전재윤(Chae Yoon Chon),박인서(In Suh Park) 대한소화기학회 1997 대한소화기학회지 Vol.29 No.2

Cricopharyngeal dyskinesia is termed complete or incomplete failure of relaxation of the cricopharyngeus muscle and is one of the cause of dysphagia. Reduced maximal distensibility or compliance of cricopharyngeus muscle results in dysphagia, globus sensation, aspiration and repeated pulmonary infection. We experienced a case of cricopharyngeal dyskinesia in a 75-year- old female who complained of dysphagia. She was treated by cricopharyngeal myotomy with improvement in her symptom. (Korean J Gastroenterol 1997; 29: 247 - 251)