SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant causes brain infection with lymphoid depletion in a mouse COVID-19 model

이나윤,이연우,홍승민,온다인,윤경민,안세희,남기택,서준영,신전수,최양규,오승현,윤준원,이호영,최강석,성제경,박준원 한국실험동물학회 2023 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.39 No.2

Background: The Omicron variant has become the most prevalent SARS-CoV-2 variant. Omicron is known to induce milder lesions compared to the original Wuhan strain. Fatal infection of the Wuhan strain into the brain has been well documented in COVID-19 mouse models and human COVID-19 cases, but apparent infections into the brain by Omicron have not been reported in human adult cases or animal models. In this study, we investigated whether Omicron could spread to the brain using K18-hACE2 mice susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results: K18-hACE2 mice were intranasally infected with 1 × 105 PFU of the original Wuhan strain and the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2. A follow-up was conducted 7 days post infection. All Wuhan-infected mice showed > 20% body weight loss, defined as the lethal condition, whereas two out of five Omicron-infected mice (40%) lost > 20% body weight. Histopathological analysis based on H&E staining revealed inflammatory responses in the brains of these two Omicron-infected mice. Immunostaining analysis of viral nucleocapsid protein revealed severe infection of neuron cells in the brains of these two Omicron-infected mice. Lymphoid depletion and apoptosis were observed in the spleen of Omicron-infected mice with brain infection. Conclusion: Lethal conditions, such as severe body weight loss and encephalopathy, can occur in Omicron-infected K18-hACE2 mice. Our study reports, for the first time, that Omicron can induce brain infection with lymphoid depletion in the mouse COVID-19 model.

다문화 가정에 대한 간호사의 인식

이나윤,이은남,박은영 한국간호교육학회 2013 한국간호교육학회지 Vol.19 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the attitude toward multi-cultural families. Method: The Q-methodology which provides a method of analyzing the subjectivity of each item was used. Thirty nurses classified the 34 selected Q-statements into a normal distribution using a 9 point scale. The collected data was analyzed using the Quanl PC program. Result: Four types of attitudes toward multi-cultural families were identified. The first type(value-neutral acceptance) considered multi-cultural families as individual's choice so they accepted it as one type of families and they persisted that nobody can oppose or blame for it. The second type(inevitable acceptance) considered multi-cultural families as a necessary evil that can solve the problem of old bachelors' seeking marriage. The third type (NIMBY: Not in my backyard) understood various advantage of multi-cultural families but they opposed their own family's intermarriage. The fourth type(negative prejudice) considered intermarriage as trading for the benefit of each other and they had strong antipathy against multi-cultural families. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that different approaches of educational program based on the four types of attitudes toward multi-cultural families are recommended. 본 연구에서 다문화 가정에 대한 간호사의 인식구조를 분석한 결과 4개 유형(가치중립적 수용형, 불가피 수용형, 님비형, 부정적 편견형)이 추출되었고 이들 유형에 의해 설명된전체 변량은 67.0%였다. 본 연구결과를 통해 간호사들은 다문화 가정에 대해 다양하게 인식하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었고,그들의 인식 이면에 작용한 다양한 가치관, 경험 등을 파악할수 있었다. 본 연구에서 분류된 간호사의 다문화 가정에 대한 인식 유형에 대한 결과를 바탕으로 다음과 같이 추후연구를 제언하고자 한다. • 간호사의 다문화 가정에 대한 인식유형에 따른 차별화된 다문화 이해 프로그램의 개발이 필요하다. • 본 연구를 토대로 다문화 가정에 대한 태도를 측정할 수 있는 도구의 개발을 제언한다.

부산시 청년참여 활성화 방안

이나윤 부산연구원 2020 연구보고서 공동연구 Vol.2020 No.0

최인훈의 태풍 연구 - “정신의 한계”에 대한 극화를 중심으로

이나윤 한국문화융합학회 2022 문화와 융합 Vol.44 No.2

본 논문는 최인훈의 태풍 에 나타난 ‘정신’의 한계가 어떠한 형식으로 상연되고 있는지를 중점으로 살펴보는것을 목적으로 한다. 최인훈의 문학이 “뿌리뽑힌 인간”의 뿌리를 향한 도정이라는 점을 염두에 둘 때, 태풍 은기존의 사회질서로부터 탈구된 상태의 주인공 오토메나크로부터 시작하여, 그가 자신의 뿌리를 선택하는 과정이라요약할 수 있다. 그는 자신의 현실 전체가 특정한 ‘정신’이라는 기표를 통해 바뀔 수 있다는 환상을 지닌 인물이라할 수 있다. 그간 태풍 에 대한 기존의 논의는 탈식민주의적 시각에 입각한 것이거나, 그에 반해 작품 내부의 식민주의적색채가 남아있다는 지적으로 양분화 되는 경향을 보인다. 그러나 태풍 은 광장 에서부터 시작된 “뿌리뽑힌 인간”의 뿌리 찾기의 일부로 파악될 필요가 있으며, 최인훈이 문학을 통해 시행하고자 했던 관념에의 고찰의 연장선상에서 사유되어야 할 필요가 있다. 이는 태풍 에서 그가 제시하고자 했던 “부활의 논리”, 다시 말해 주인공 오토메나크가 기존의 질서로부터 탈구되고 다시금 새로운 주체로서 재탄생하는 과정에 대한 문제로부터 시작한다. 본 논문은 결말에 해당하는 <로파그니스-30년 후>에서 나타나는 “부활의 논리”와 “사회적 주체”로의 재탄생이최인훈이 시도하는 관념, 즉 ‘정신’의 한계에 대한 상연이라 바라보고자 한다. <로파그니스-30년 후>에서 살펴볼수 있는 ‘정신’으로의 급격한 도약은 다만 ‘정신’의 한계에서의 회피로서 시행된 일종의 봉합에 불과한 것이 아니라, ‘정신’과 ‘자기’의 합일의 문제를 극화하고 있는 것이라 바라보고자 한다. 이를 통해 기존의 연구에서 간과되어 왔던 태풍 의 에필로그에 대한 또 다른 독법을 제시하고자 한다.

젠더 관점으로 본 노인요양시설 여성 요양보호사의 돌봄실천 경험

이나윤,김서현 강원대학교 사회과학연구원 2023 사회과학연구 Vol.62 No.3

This study focused on understanding the characteristics of female caregivers’ care practices based on the gender perspective and the need to explore the essential implications of different human experiences by gender. Seven female caregivers responsible for direct client care in elderly care facilities were selected. They participated in individual in-depth interviews that lasted for about two sessions each. The collected data were analyzed using Giorgi’s (2017) methodology, following a technical, phenomenological, and qualitative research approach. Consequently, 14 emerging themes and five essential themes were discovered. The essential themes are ‘the world of caregiving meeting with familiar gender roles,’ ‘female caregivers' caregiving capacities demonstrated through conventional household skills,’ ‘pride in caring for the elderly as a professional rather than a housewife even without much recognition,’ ‘the rocky and belittled status as caregivers due to the terms of being a woman,’ and ‘moments of caregiving that endured the harshness of institutionalized elderly as a mother or a daughter would.’ The phenomꠓenological subject is ‘cultivating a sense of reward for caring for the elderly outside one’s home while bearing the challenges of being a female practitioner.’ Based on these findings, this study discussed ways to qualitatively improve the environment for caregivers to provide care services, enhance the value of care practice, and reestablish the role and status of social welfare practitioners from a gender perspective.

최인훈의 『광장』에 나타난 잠재성 연구

이나윤 우리말글학회 2023 우리말 글 Vol.96 No.-

The concept of ‘Idea’ in Choi In-Hun’s novel usually evaluated as representing the opposition of reality or the ultimate goal of Choi In-Hun. It has also been pointed out that the ‘Ideal’ is merely an abstraction from the concreteness of reality. This thesis focuses on the fact that such ‘Idea’ is the subject's response to concrete, objective reality as Choi In-Hun himself reveals, and examines the idea of the ‘Square’ in Choi In-Hun's “The Square”. “The Square” is a story that the protagonist Lee Myeong Jun’s journey to define his ‘self’ responding to the external ‘condition’, to reiterate the rationality of the ‘conditions’ by repeating the failure of the self-regulation. However, since “The Square” shows minor or significant changes in the process of six revisions including the edition in 1976, such regulations should also be viewed differently as the contents change. The change of meaning that occurred in the process of revision is also accompanied by the rearrangement of Myeong Jun's thought itself. In particular, the symbolism of the seagull, which has undergone a full-scale revision, is a key element that can provide a clue to the interpretation of Myeong Jun's self-regulation through “The square” as well as to define the meaning of a series of scenes surrounding Myeong Jun's death at the end of the work. In this thesis, the most recent revision in 2010 is used as the main text, and it is considered that the ‘Square’ as the point of aim that Myeongjun sought in the narration of “The square” is in fact always-already latent in reality, and the process of revision was inevitably made for this. In order to clarify this, this study intends to closely examine the ending part of “The square”. The meaning of the seagull changed through the adaptation includes the combination with Eunhye that was latent in Myeong Jun's recognitive frame into the realm of reality, and makes their daughter the reference point of new recognition. Through this change, Myeong Jun retroactively reconstructs the “Square” that he had not found in his life. Therefore, through the adaptation of “The square”, it can be confirmed that Myeong Jun's “Square” is not an unrealizable fantasy but always-already existed in its place and appears as a new inner truth. 최인훈 소설에서 ‘관념’은 통상적으로 현실의 대립항 혹은 최인훈의 궁극적 지향을 나타내는 것으로 평가되어 왔으며, ‘관념’이 현실의 구체성으로부터 탈각된 추상에 불과한 것이라는 지적 역시 제기되어 왔다. 본고는 이와 같은 ‘관념’이 최인훈 스스로가 밝히듯 구체적이고 객관적인 현실에 대한 주체의 응답이라는 점에 초점을 맞추어, 최인훈의 광장 에서 나타난 “광장”이라는 관념에 대해 면밀히 살피고자 한다. 광장 은 주인공 이명준이 외부적 ‘조건’에 응답하며 ‘자기’를 규정하고자 하는 여정이며, ‘자기’ 규정의 실패를 반복함으로써 역으로 ‘조건’들의 합리성을 되묻는 이야기라 할 수 있다. 그러나 광장 이 1976년 문학과지성사 전집 판본의 개작을 포함하여 총 6차례의 개작 과정에서 소소하거나 중대한 변화의 양상을 보이므로, 그와 같은 규정 역시 광장 의 내용이 변화함에 따라 달리 보아야 할 것이다. 광장 의 개작 과정에서 발생한 의미 변화는 명준의 사유 자체의 재정렬을 수반하기도 한다. 특히 전면적인 개정이 일어난 갈매기의 상징성은 작품의 결말에서 명준의 죽음을 둘러싸고 있는 일련의 장면의 의미를 규정하는 데에 있어서 뿐만 아니라 광장 을 관통하는 명준의 ‘자기’ 규정에 대한 해석의 실마리를 제공할 수 있는 핵심적 요소라 할 수 있다. 본고는 가장 최근에 발간된 2010년도 문학과지성사 제7판 개정을 주요 텍스트로 삼아, 광장 의 서사 내에서 명준이 찾던 지향점으로서의 “광장”이란 사실상 언제나-이미 현실 속에 잠재되어 있던 것이라는 점이라 보고, 이를 규명하기 위해 광장 의 결말부를 면밀히 검토하고자 했다. 개작을 통해 변화된 갈매기의 의미는 명준의 인식틀 속에 잠재되어 있던 은혜와의 결합을 현실의 영역 속으로 포함시키며, 그 결과물인 딸을 새로운 인식의 참조점으로 삼게 한다. 이 변화를 통해 명준은 그간 자신의 삶 속에서 미처 발견하지 못했던 "광장"을 소급적으로 재구성하게 된다. 따라서 광장 의 개작을 통해 명준의 “광장”은 실현 불가능한 환상이 아니라 언제나-이미 그 자리에 있었던 것으로서, 새로운 내적 진리로 나타남을 확인할 수 있다.

간호실무 : 소방공무원의 외상 후 스트레스 경험

이나윤 ( Na Yoon Lee ),하양숙 ( Yang Sook Hah ) 서울대학교 간호과학연구소 2012 간호학의 지평 Vol.9 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the post-traumatic stress experiences of firefighters and paramedics. Methods: The participants were 20 fire fighters and paramedics who belong to the Busan Fire Department. Data were collected through in-depth, unstructured audio-taped interviews by the investigator over a six-month period. The participants were asked to describe their post-traumatic stress. The data were analyzed according to Giorgi`s method for phenomenological analysis. Results: The interview data were organized by theme into 7 categories that emerged from the analysis. Participants faced various post-traumatic stresses working as fire fighters or paramedics. The categories were suffering from disastrous situations, feeling of fear and helplessness in the face of death, re-experiencing vividly the past traumatic situation, avoiding painful reminders of the trauma, emotional numbing as time passes, suffering from emotional arousal and increased anxiety, and struggling to cope with the post-traumatic stress. Conclusion: This study provides a better understanding of post-traumatic stress experiences from fire fighters and paramedics and the knowledge gained from this study will help in developing appropriate post-traumatic stress management programs.

BIM 기반의 건축물 내재 환경영향 평가에 관한 연구

이나윤(Lee, Na-Yoon),태성호(Tae, Sung-Ho),노승준(Roh, Seung-Jun) 대한건축학회 2017 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.33 No.1

This study aims to develop BIM library applied environmental impacts and cost parameter for deducting quantity, environmental impacts and environmental cost of main construction materials automatically by using schedule function in BIM program. For this aim, 5 major construction materials(Concrete, glass, insulation, brick, gypsum board) were deducted, and established as BIM library by subdividing into strength, species of the materials. Also, LCI DB of major construction materials were analyzed for applying the environmental impacts and cost parameter in BIM library properties. Especially the environmental impact parameter was considered by calculating each 6 environmental impacts (GWP, ADP, AP, EP, ODP, POCP), the environmental cost parameter considered with KOLID. As a result, the 72 kinds of major construction materials BIM library were established, so that, quantity of major materials, embodied environmental impacts and environmental cost of building could be deducted by using these BIM library.

다문화 가정에 대한 간호사의 인식

이나윤(Lee, Na Youn),이은남(Lee, Eun Nam),박은영(Park, Eun Young) 한국간호교육학회 2013 한국간호교육학회지 Vol.19 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the attitude toward multi-cultural families. Method: The Q-methodology which provides a method of analyzing the subjectivity of each item was used. Thirty nurses classified the 34 selected Q-statements into a normal distribution using a 9 point scale. The collected data was analyzed using the Quanl PC program. Result: Four types of attitudes toward multi-cultural families were identified. The first type(value-neutral acceptance) considered multi-cultural families as individuals choice so they accepted it as one type of families and they persisted that nobody can oppose or blame for it. The second type(inevitable acceptance) considered multi-cultural families as a necessary evil that can solve the problem of old bachelors seeking marriage. The third type (NIMBY: Not in my backyard) understood various advantage of multi-cultural families but they opposed their own familys intermarriage. The fourth type(negative prejudice) considered intermarriage as trading for the benefit of each other and they had strong antipathy against multi-cultural families. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that different approaches of educational program based on the four types of attitudes toward multi-cultural families are recommended.

경남지역 정상 노인의 대인관계 능력과 생활만족도 상관관계 조사

이나윤 ( Na Yun Lee ),양영애 ( Yeong Ae Yang ) 한국고령친화건강정책학회 2014 대한고령친화산업학회지 Vol.6 No.1

연구목적 본 연구의 목적은 경남지역 정상 노인의 대인관계 능력과 생활만족도의 상관관계를 조사하여 심리사회적 건강관리와 병행하여 노인들의 대인관계 능력 향상을 도모하여 생활만족도 개선에 도움을 주는 데에 있다. 연구방법 본 연구의 자료수집은 2014년 4월 19일부터 2014년 4월 26일까지 경남 소재 5곳 노인정에서 정상노인 97명을 대상으로 하였다. 본 연구에서는 일반적 특성, 대인관계 능력, 생활만족도를 묻는 리커트 5점 척도의 자기 기입식 설문지를 사용하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS 18.0을 이용하여 기술분석 및 상관분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과 경남지역 정상 노인의 대인관계 능력은 5점 만점에 3.45점, 생활만족도는 5점 만점에 3.46점으로 나타났으며, 대인관계 능력과 생활만족도에서 상관관계가 나타났다. 결론 작업치료사는 정상 노인에게 대인관계를 통하여 생활만족도를 향상시키는 목표를 제시하는 역할을 하기를 기대한다. Objective : The aim of this study was conducted to investigate a correlation between personal relationship ability and life satisfactions of the old adults. To promote personal relationship ability of old adults will give help to the satisfaction of the psychosocial life. Methods : The study data were collected from 97 old adults in senior citizens centers located in Kyeong-nam from 19th April 2014 to 26th April 2014. The research instrument was self administered standardized questionnaire including general characteristics, personal relationship ability, life satisfaction. For the assessment of this study, descriptive analysis, correlation analysis were made. Results : The personal relationship ability of old adults was 3.45, and life satisfaction was 3.46. It was found that there was statistically positive correlation slightly between the personal relationship ability and their life satisfaction. Conclusion : Occupational therapists for old adults are expected to provide any special services related to personal relationship ability that improve the quality of life goals and the role.