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Deltamethrin에 노출된 흰쥐의 뇨 중 3-PBA 검출 및 노출상관성
김아름누리,전경미,박경훈,문병철,노진호,백민경 한국환경농학회 2017 한국환경농학회지 Vol.36 No.4
. BACKGROUND: Pyrethroids (PYRs) are a widely used insecticide in agriculture and household area. In mammals, PYRs such as deltamethrin is metabolized to 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) in liver that is mainly excreted in urine. This study is designed to single exposure of deltamethrin to rats in a dose-dependent manner and identify the correlation between deltamethrin exposure and its metabolite (3-PBA) in urine. METHODSANDRESULTS:Exposure levels of deltamethrin were control (0 mg/kg bw), low (0.0705 mg/kg bw), medium(0.705mg/kg bw) and high (7.05mg/kg bw) dose. Lowconcentrationwas derived by ussingKorea predictive operator exposure model (KoPOEM). Dermal exposure persisted for 6 h, and urine specimenswere collected for 24 h. The urinematrixwas removed after a series of procedures and 3-PBA was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. CONCLUSION: There was a strong correlation (R2=0.83) between the amount of oral exposure to delta me thrin and urinary levelof3-PBAexcreted. In dermal exposure groups of deltamethrin except high-dose, also there was a good correlation between urinary 3-PBA and deltamethrin exposure, but not stronger than in oral deltamethrin exposure groups. Based on these results, therefore, the amount of 3-PBAin urine can be used as a goodmonitoring indicator that reflexing the exposure level of deltamethrin to human body.
네오니코티노이드계 4종 농약의 서양뒤영벌 급성 접촉 및 섭식 독성평가
김아름누리,김보선,전경미,이환,박연기,유아선,박홍현,윤형주 한국환경농학회 2020 한국환경농학회지 Vol.39 No.2
BACKGROUND: Bumblebees have been shown to be very effective pollinators for most greenhouse tomatoes. Neonicotinoid insecticides are one of the most widely used pesticides in tomato crops in Korea. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study was carried out to investigate the toxicity of four neonicotinoid insecticides (clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam) to bumblebees based on the OECD guidelines (No.246, 247). The 48 hr LD50 (μg a.i. /bumblebee) values in the acute contact toxicity tests were determined as follows: clothianidin (0.467 μg a.i. / bumblebee) > thiamethoxam (0.747 μg a.i. / bumblebee) > dinotefuran (3.741 μg a.i. / bumblebee) > imidacloprid (3.967 μg a.i. / bumblebee). The 48 hr LD50 values in the acute oral toxicity tests were determined as follows: clothianidin (0.005 μg a.i. / bumblebee) > thiamethoxam (0.018 μg a.i. / bumblebee) > dinotefuran (0.056 μg a.i. / bumblebee) > imidacloprid (0.325 μg a.i. / bumblebee). CONCLUSION: This study provided the basic toxicological data of neonicotinoid insecticides for bumblebees. In the near future, acute toxicity and mixture toxicity of other pesticides to bumblebees could be determined using this method. .
The Correlation Between Deltamethrin Exposure and Urinary 3-PBA Concentrations in Rats
김아름누리 ( Areumnuri Kim ),박지현 ( Ji Hyun Park ),전경미 ( Kyongmi Chon ),박경훈 ( Kyung-hun Park ),문병철 ( Byeong-chul Moon ),백민경 ( Min Kyoung Paik ) 한국환경농학회 2016 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2016 No.-
Pyrethroids (PYRs) are a widely used insecticide in agriculture and household area.PYRs caninduce neurotoxic effects in mammalsby disrupting voltage-sensitive sodium channelswhen exposed to overdose.In mammals, PYRs such as deltamethrinis metabolized to 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) in liver that is mainly excreted in urine.Urine is highly useful as a testing matrix because it is easily accessible and can be collected noninvasively. Little studies have reported on the PYRs-dosedependent effects on urinary 3-PBA.This study is designed to identify the correlation of deltamethrinamount exposured orally and dermally to rats and its metabolite(3-PBA) excreted in urine.This study is designed to exposure deltamethrin to rats in a dose-dependent manner and identify the correlation between deltamethrin exposure and its metabolite(3-PBA) in urine. Exposure levels consisted of three concentration of deltamethrin; control (0mg/kgbw), low (0.0705 mg/kgbw), medium (0.705 mg/kgbw) and high(7.05 mg/kgbw) dose. Low concentration of deltamethrin was calculated on the basis of Korea predictive operator exposure model (KoPOEM), indicating the field-realistic exposure to pesticides for farmer when mixing and applying pesticides. Single exposure of deltamethrin to Spraque-Dawley rats were conducted through oral and dermal pathway. Dermal exposure persisted for 6 h, and urine specimens were collected for 24h after exposure of both two pathway. The following procedures including hydrolysis, extraction and derivatization were conducted prior to the analysis of urinary 3-PBA. After acidic hydrolysis for the cleavage of conjugates, the analytes3-PBAwas extracted from urine matrix using n-hexane. Then, 3-PBA was derivatized to volatile estersusing N-tert.-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamid (MTBSTFA). Separation and detection was carried out using GC/MS. 2-Phenoxybenzoic acid served as internal standard for the quantification of 3-PBA. The limit of quantificationfor all analyteswas 0.98ng/ml urine.In the low-, medium- and high-dose oral deltamethrin groups, the concentrations of urinary 3-PBA were 44±2, 104±37, 943±65 ng/ml urine, respectively, showing good correlation between oral deltamethrin exposure and urinary 3-PBA in rats. This result was similar with those for dermal administration of deltamethrin. Based on these results, therefore, 3-PBA that is a main metabolite of PYRs may be suitable for urinary biomarker of exposure to PYRs.This study can be used as an index that can be predictedto exposuredosage of deltamethrinin the human from detection of urinary 3-PBA excretion.
GAP 농산물의 수확 후 처리에 사용되는 지하수의 위해성평가
김황용,백민경,김아름누리,이동규,정미혜,김원일,오진아,김세리,홍수명 한국식품위생안전성학회 2019 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.34 No.6
Recently, due to the fact that the mineral content in the wash water of the GAP-certified melon exceeds the GAP wash water standards, there are cases where the certification cannot be maintained. Therefore, agricultural industry demand requesting relaxation of the inorganic elements standard for water quality has been increasing, taking into account the consumption characteristics of Korean melon, which is eaten after removing the peel. This study was conducted to evaluate the human risks of four inorganic materials (fluorine, arsenic, iron and manganese) based on the water quality data of 142 samples of groundwater that was used for washing GAP-certified Korean melon in Seongju area from 2017 to 2019. As a result, the HQ of four minerals in Koreans who consumed groundwater used for washing GAP-certified Korean melons in the Seongju area was below 0.10 on average. In particular, in the case of iron and manganese which are esthetic influence substances, the average HQ was 0.00. The overexposure group showed 0.01, which was lower than the HQ (average 0.01, overexposure group 0.03) of the group that consumed Korean melon. Based on all the results, even if the groundwater of the Seongju area is used to wash GAP-certified Korean melon, the impact from these four inorganic materials, including iron and manganese, for Korean population consuming Korean melon will be minimal.
The Role of Notch1 Signaling in Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma
김현진,김민정,김아름누리,정창원,박선후,고재수,명재경 대한암학회 2017 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.49 No.2
Purpose The Notch signaling pathway is widely expressed in normal, reactive, and neoplastic tissues; however, its role in thyroid tissues has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, this study was conducted to characterize the expression of the Notch signaling pathway in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) cells and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) cells. Materials and Methods Expression of activated Notch1 in ATC and PTC paraffin-embedded tissues was determined by immunohistochemistry. The small interfering RNA technique was employed to knock down Notch1 expression in ATC and PTC cell lines. Results The expression of activated Notch1 was higher in ATC cases than in PTC cases. Inhibition of Notch1 significantly reduced proliferation and migration of ATC cells, but not PTC cells. In addition, inhibition of Notch1 in ATC cells significantly reduced the expression of key markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cells. Conversely, changes in the expression of these proteins were not observed in PTC cells. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that Notch1 expression plays different roles in tumor progression in ATC and PTC cells. We also found that Notch1 expression was significantly related to the highly invasive or proliferative activity of ATC cells.