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한국전자제조기업에서의 경쟁전략, 경쟁우선순위의 전략적 적합성에 관한 실증연구
김승범,이상천,장덕신,배성문 한국생산성학회 2004 生産性論集 Vol.18 No.3
This study tries to examine the strategic fit of competitive strategies and competitive priorities in domestic electronic firms' manufacturing strategy. The strategic fit is accepted as a major factor in explaining the difference of firms' productivity performances. To set up strategic fit model, the previous research on manufacturing strategy model has been examined thoroughly. Based on proposed model composed of competition environments, core competences(competitive advantage and value chain), competitive strategies and competitive priorities, stepwise multiple regression was used as exploratory method to find significant types of internal strategic fit. The test results show that core competences(especially competitive advantage) have more impacts on competitive strategy than competition environments. In addition, there exist the significant types of strategic fit between competitive strategies and priorities. That is, differentiation strategy takes delivery priority and focusing takes flexibility.
$BCl_3/Cl_2/Ar$ 고밀도 플라즈마에 의한 $(Ba, Sr)TiO_3$ 박막의 식각 메커니즘 연구
김승범,김창일,Kim, Seung-Bum,Kim, Chang-Il 대한전자공학회 2000 電子工學會論文誌-SD (Semiconductor and devices) Vol.37 No.11
(Ba,Sr)$TiO_3$ 박막은 ULSI-DRAM 즉 1-4 Gbit급 DRAM용 셀(cell) 커패시터의 새로운 유전물질로 각광받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 ICP 장비에서 $BCl_3/Cl_2/Ar$ 플라즈마로 (Ba,Sr)$TiO_3$ 박막을 식각하였다. 이때 RF power/dc bias voltage는 600W/-250V, 반응로의 압력은 10mTorr 이었다. $Cl_2/(Cl_2+Ar)$은 0.2로 고정하였고, $BCl_3$ 가스를 첨가하면서 (Ba,Sr)$TiO_3$ 박막을 식각하였다. $BCl_3$ 가스를 10% 첨가하였을 때, $480{\AA}/min$으로 (Ba,Sr)$TiO_3$ 박막은 가장 높은 식각 속도를 나타내었다. $Cl_2/Ar$가스에 $BCl_3$의 첨가 비에 따른 Cl, BCl 및 B의 라디칼 밀도를 optical emission spectroscopy(OES)에 의해 구하였다. $BCl_3$를 10% 첨가하였을 때 Cl의 라디칼 밀도가 가장 높았다. (Ba,Sr)$TiO_3$ 박막의 표면반응을 규명하기 위하여 XPS 분석을 수행한 결과 이온 bombardment 식각이 Ba-O 결합을 파괴하고 Ba와 Cl의 결합형태인 $BaCl_2$을 제거하기 위하여 필요하다. Sr과 Cl의 결합의 양은 많지 않고, Sr은 주로 물리적인 스퍼터링에 의하여 제거된다. Ti와 Cl은 화학적으로 반응하여 $TiCl_4$ 결합형태로 용이하게 제거된다. 식각후 단면사진을 SEM을 통해 본 결과 식각단면이 약 65~70$^{\circ}$ 정도였다. (Ba,Sr)$TiO_3$ thin films have attracted great interest as new dielectric materials of capacitors for ultra-large-scale integrated dynamic random access memories (ULSI-DRAMs) such as 1 Gbit or 4 Gbit. In this study, inductively coupled $BCl_3/Cl_2/Ar$ plasmas was used to etch (Ba,Sr)$TiO_3$ thin films. RF power/dc bias voltage=600 W/-250 V and chamber pressure was 10 mTorr. The $Cl_2/(Cl_2+Ar)$ was fixed at 0.2 the (Ba,Sr)$TiO_3$ thin films were etched adding $BCl_3$. The highest (Ba,Sr)$TiO_3$ etch rate is $480{\AA}/min$ at 10 % $BCl_3$ to $Cl_2/Ar$. The change of Cl, B radical density measured by optical emission spectroscopy(OES) as a function of $BCl_3$ percentage in $Cl_2/Ar$. The highest Cl radical density was shown at the addition of 10% $BCl_3$ to $Cl_2/Ar$. To study on the surface reaction of (Ba, Sr)$TiO_3$ thin films was investigated by XPS analysis. Ion bombardment etching is necessary to break Ba-O bond and to remove $BaCl_2$. There is a little chemical reaction between Sr and Cl, but Sr is removed by physical sputtering. There is a chemical reaction between Ti and Cl, and $TiCl_4$ is removed with ease. The cross-sectional of (Ba,Sr)$TiO_3$ thin film was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the etch slope is about 65~70$^{\circ}$.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Gastric and Colorectal Cancer after Cholecystectomy
김승범,김경옥,Tae Nyeum Kim 대한의학회 2020 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.35 No.42
Background: Previous studies on the relationship between gastrointestinal (GI) cancer and cholecystectomy remain inconclusive. We aimed to evaluate this relationship, albeit particularly between cholecystectomy and gastric cancer or colorectal cancer (CRC), and the risk factors of cancer among individuals who have undergone cholecystectomy in Korea. Methods: In total, 4,222 patients who underwent laparoscopic or open cholecystectomy at our institution between January 2006 and December 2013 were included. Patients who underwent cholecystectomy for gallbladder cancer or were undergoing surgery for GI, hepatic, or pancreatobiliary cancers were excluded, as were those who developed stomach cancer or CRC within a year of their cholecystectomy. The included patients were followed until July 20, 2020. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) was used to calculate the relative risk of GI cancer in cholecystectomy patients. Results: The median patient age (n = 3,588) at the time of cholecystectomy was 54.0 (range, 19–95) years, and the male-to-female ratio was 1:1.04. The median follow-up period after cholecystectomy was 15.0 (range, 0–146) months. We found a 108% greater risk of CRC (SIR, 2.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.28–3.17) and 154% increased risk of CRC in females (SIR, 2.54; 95% CI, 1.16–4.84). Based on multivariate analysis, an age of > 60 years was a significant risk factor for GI cancer in cholecystectomy patients. Conclusion: Cholecystectomy may increase risk of CRC, especially in females. Age was considered a risk factor of GI cancers in patients with history of cholecystectomy.