자전 고온 합성 반응법을 이용한 B₄C의 제조에 관한 연구

金錫胤,金明秀,金岩洙 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1998 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.9 No.2

유산양 유방염에 대한 Chitosan 약침의 치료 효과

황수현,서진석,김덕환,김명철,신상태,전무형,南三郞,김영찬,이우근,표수일 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 1999 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.7 No.-

To improve the therapeutic method for mastitis, treatment effect of chitosan pharmacopuncture was examined in three milking goats(A,B and C). Mastitis was artificially induced in two milking goats(A and B) and one goat(C) was naturally infected case with mastitis. The acupoint used was Yang-Ming and chitosan suspensions(provided from Tottory University, Japan: 30㎎ of chitosan/㎖)were injected to the acupoint with 5㎖/time for 3 days, respectively. As for the change of somatic cells in milk along with chitosan pharmacopuncture, they showed a decreasing tendency after increase on the 3rd day in all udders of B. In addition, as for the change of total leukocyte counts of peripheral blood with chitosan pharmacopuncture, they showed a decreasing tendency after increase on the 3rd day in B and C except A which showed a increasing tendency until on the 7th day. In the change of neutrophil/lymphocyte(N/L) ratio, increasing tendency was seen in A and C but increasing tendency after slight decrease was observed in B. Further, in the change of serum total protein and A/G ratio, serum total protein content was decreased after slightly increase on the 3rd day in A, and they were decreased after increase until on the 7th day in B and C, respectively. As for the change of A/G ratio, different pattern increasing tendency was shown in A, B and C.

경연 대회를 통한 초ㆍ중고생의 창의력 신장 효과에 관한 연구

이희복,육근철,류해일,김현섭,김희수,박달원,유병환,김선효,김여상,서광수,변두원,서명석,배성효,박종석,심규철,이성희 공주대학교 과학교육연구소 2001 과학교육연구 Vol.32 No.1

미래 사회를 대비하기 위한 개인의 개성을 존중과 창의적인 능력을 지닌 인간을 양성을 목적으로 충청남도 지역의 초 ㆍ 중고등학생들을 대상으로 한 창의력 경연대회가 공주대학교 과학교육연구소에서 개최되었다. 충청남도 초 ㆍ중 ㆍ 고등학생들을 대상으로 실시한 창의력 경연대회는 창조적 아이디어를 내어 스스로 문제를 해결해 나갈 수 있는 교육 프로그램을 제공하는 좋은 기회였음이 확인되었으나, 일부의 팀에서만 참신하고 재미있는 아이디어들이 제안되었다. 여학생의 참가자 수가 상당히 증가하였으며, 대체적으로 입상권의 학생들의 상당 부분이 여학생이라는 것이 특이할만하다. 학년이 올라감에 따라서 창의적인 아이디어를 내는 양이나 질에 있어서 뒤떨어지는 것으로 분석되었으며, 토론 학습의 적응력이 미흡하고 발표력 및 청취력에 있어서도 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 중 ㆍ고등학교의 학교교육에서도 학생들에게 프로젝트형 탐구학습 프로그램의 적용은 물론 토론식 수습을 통한 학생들의 사고의 전환의 기회를 제공해야 할 것으로 사료된다. The creativity competition was held to foster the creativity of elementary and secondary school students in the Institute of Science Education, Kongju national University. It was found that the creativity competition effected on the improvement of inventing creative ideas and problem solving activities. But, only some competitors participated in semifinal and final contests, presented original and interesting ideas. More female students participated in competition than last year. More female participants were awarded a prize than males. Totally, participants were defective in discussion and communication, and presentation and listening ideas. Increasing grades correlated inversely with creativity and originality. There is need of inquiry project teaming programs and presenting opportunities of conversion of thinking by discussing instructions in school

現行 政府業務 審査評價制度의 改善方案

金明守 韓國外國語大學校 附設 公共政策硏究所 1996 公共政策硏究 Vol.14 No.1

兒童彫塑에 있어서 運動하는 사람의 表現의 變容

金壽命 대구교육대학교 1976 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

Developmental changes in the recognition and the expession of moving shapes in the Primary School children were studied by surveying their sculptures of moving human fighres. Four types of expression were found. 1. Upright type: The body stands upright. Movement is expressed mainly by means of changing te shape of upper limbs.(lower grades; ages 6~7) 2. Inclining type: Movement is expressed by means of inclining the body and changing the shape of the upper and the lower limbs. This is the inclined expression of the upright type.(middle grade:ages 8~9) 3. Bending type:children notice the bending forward and backward of the body in motion. The movement is expressed by means of curved lines of the body. (middle grades:ages8~12) 4. Tuisting type:The movement is expressed by means of tucisting the body right or left and coordinating whole body and limbs in motion.(upper grades:ages 11~12)

볼엔드밀 加工에서 남겨진 커습體積의 仕上加工 特性에 關한 연구

김명수,천상진,맹희영 서울産業大學校 1997 논문집 Vol.46 No.1

The polishing characteristics of machined surface after ball end milling are studied in this paper quantitatively to investigate the optimum machining time including polishing and milling process. The polishing experiments are formulated into the incremental changing task of sand paper meshes bounded by the allowable limit roughness for each abrasive grit size. Testpieces are prepared by milling the flat steel block to have the terraced surface for the different milling crossfeed and cutter size, and polishing device installed on a grinding machine table, which simulates the actual polishing work as specified stroke and acting pressure. The polishing efficiency is investigated during the polishing experiment, and then eventually polishing time is evaluated for the various kinds of conditions, and it is finally analyzed the total machining time which is estimated by adding the milling time to the polishing time of corresponding testpieces. Although the polishing work is shortened as the initial roughness of milled surface becomes small, the total machining time is revealed as the minimum value at a testpiece prepared by milling condition of 1.5mm crossfeed and 20mm cutter size, which means the most economic machining balance between milling and polishing work partitions.

사회주의 체제의 변동과 북한사회의 변동 : A State-Society Interaction Model 국가-시민사회 상호작용 모델

김명수 漢陽大學校 民族學硏究所 1996 民族과文化 Vol.4 No.-

This study has an assumption that the North Korea, even with her particularistic character, shares the system-embedded problems with the collapsed socialist countries. In order to speculate social change of the North Korea, therefore, this study has built a model that explains the socialist system change by synthesizing the theories for socialist civil society and the party-state. The collapsed socialist party-stales had maintained their iron law for decades regardless of the chronic and fundamental problems, such as economic depression, shortage of dally goods, corruption, the wide discrepancy between the formal ideology and reality, and the development of civil society etc. It means that the state capacity of the socialist state had been strong enough to sustain the socialist system until the functional imperatives of the state capacity, -i.e., the organizational dependence, monitoring capacity, and sanctioning capacity- eroded substantially. It becomes clear that the socialist system collapse is the problem of 'weakness 'not of 'oppression' of the state. As for the North Korea, this study illustrates that the current economic crisis and heavy industrialization provide a favorable conditions for activation of the informal sector of economy and the emergent of civil society. Furthermore these factors are considered to undermine capacities of the state. We speculate, therefore, that changes in the political regime and the system are more likely to occur if a chasm develops substantially among the party-state elites.

지방자치단체의 재정운용책임에 관하여

김명수 한국외국어대학교 사회과학연구소 2000 社會科學論集 Vol.18 No.1

캐나다 연방 감사원 감사의 특징 및 함의

김명수 서울대학교 행정대학원 2000 行政論叢 Vol.38 No.2

본 논문에서는 캐나다 연방감사원에서의 감사활동의 특징을 파악하고, 그것이 우리에게 시사하는 바가 무엇인지를 음미해보았다. 캐나다 감사원 감사는 개별 거래가 아닌 행정운영체계에 보다 많은 관심을 두고 있는 점이 우리의 관심을 끈다. 물론 이러한 감사관행이 가능할 수 있기 위해서는 감사기관이 감사대상기관에서의 부정부패에 많은 관심을 쓰지 않아도 되는 행정환경의 조성이 중요하다. 캐나다 감사원은 정부 부처 업무에 대한 평가에도 많은 관심을 기울여, 직접 평가를 수행할 뿐만 아니라, 특히 효과평가와 관련하여서는 상위평가를 수행하고 있는 점을 우리는 유념할 필요가 있다. 전통적인 재무·합법성감사와 현대적인 성과감사 사이의 균형을 이루면서 감사활동을 수행하고 있는 것도 우리의 관심을 끄는 점이다. 우리 감사원의 경우에도 1990년대 중반기부터 성과감사의 비중을 높여가고 있는 추세에 있긴 하나, 아직도 그 비중은 재무·합법성감사에 비해 상당히 낮은 수준에 머물러 있다. 1995년 환경 및 지속가능한 개발 위원장의 직위가 캐나다 감사원 내에 신설되어, 정부 부처들이 작성한 지속가능한 개발전략과 추진계획의 이행상태를 감사하고 있는 점도 우리의 관심을 끈다. 캐나다 감사원은 또한 정부가 당면할 수 있는 문제를 제기함으로써 정부로 하여금 미리 그러한 문제에 대비하도록 주의를 촉구하는 '행정유도적' 기능을 수행하기도 한다. 캐나다 감사원 감사의 또 하나의 특징은 민간 전문가들을 적극적이며 실질적으로 활용하고 있는 있다는 점이다. 민간전문가들이 감사와 관련하여 의견을 개진해 주기를 기다리는 것이 아니라, 이들에게 의견을 구할 기회를 제공한다는 의미에서 적극적이며, 이들 전문가들로부터 감사보고서안의 질에 관한 의견을 듣고, 이의 향상을 꾀한다는 의미에서 실질적이라고 할 수 있다. 우리가 외국의 제도를 연구하는 것은 거기에서 어떤 교훈을 얻고자 하는 것이다. 외국의 제도가 훌륭하다고 하여 그것을 그대로 도입하는 것은 바람직한 접근방식은 아니다. 그러나 외국의 제도 중 타당하다고 사료되는 부분, 우리 나라의 행정문화에 크게 어긋나지 않는 것, 그리고 채택하는데 감당하기 어려운 정도의 많은 비용이 들이 않는 것은 우리의 제도에 흡수·발전시키는 것이 좋을 것으로 사료된다.

Mycophenolic Acid와 Rapamycin이 흰쥐 사구체 혈관간세포증식과 세포외기질 생성에 미치는 영향

김명수,박제현,하헌주,허규하,서지연,김유선,김혜진,박기일 이화여자대학교 약학연구소 2004 藥學硏究論文集 Vol.- No.14

Background: Excess proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation of mesenchymal cells such as vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and glomerular mesangial cells cause chronic allograft nephropathy showing transplant vascular sclerosis and glomerulosclerosis. Mycophenolic acid (MPA) and rapamycin (RPM) are well known as strong inhibitors of VSMC proliferation, but their effects on the glomerular mesangial cells are not yet clearly understood. This study examined the effects of MPA or RPM on PDGF-induced proliferation and ECM accumulation in rat glomerular mesangial cells. Methods: Mesangial cells isolated from the glomeruli of Sprague-Dawley rats were cultured with DMEM containing 20% fetal bovine serum. Growth arrested and synchronized cells were administered with test drugs (MPA10 nM-10μM, RPM 0.1 nM-1μM) before the addition of PDGF 10 ng/mL. Cell proliferation was assessed by [³H]thymidine incorporation, collagen by [³H]proline incorporation, and fibronectin, ERK, and p38 MAPK by Western blot analysis. Results: PDGF increased mesangial cell proliferation by 4.64-fold. Compared to stimulated control, MPA above 500 nM and RPM above 10nM showed a significant inhibitory effect in a dose-dependent manner. The IC_(50) of MPA and RPM against PDGF-induced mesangial cell proliferation were around 500 nM and 100 nM, respectively. The collagen synthesis was also inhibited by MPA and RPM, but the fibronectin secretion was inhibited by MPA alone. The proliferation of mesangial cell correlated with activation of ERK and. p38 MAPK. MPA, but not RPM, inhibited ERK and p38 MAPK activation. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that MPA and RPM significantly inhibited PDGF-induced proliferation and ECM production in rat glomerular mesangial cells. The inhibitory effects of MPA, but not RPM, are correlated with ERK and p38 MAPK.