김소월의 시집『진달래꽃』에 드러난 ‘자기 내면’의 재현 양상

박군석(Park, Gun-Seok) 한국시학회 2015 한국시학연구 Vol.- No.44

1920년대의 문학은 3·1운동이 실패로 끝나고 민족의 공동체적 정신이 상실되어 가던 시대적 상황에서 삶의 지향이 불확실한 당대 사람들의 허무를 담고 있다. 당시 젊은 문학인들은 1910년대식의 근대 계몽주의가 가진 도식성에서 벗어나 아픔과 허무만이 가득한 ‘자기 내면’을 진솔하게 문학작품으로 재현하였고, 그것을 토대로 자기 주체를 새롭게 정립해 나갔다. 하지만 그들의 문학은 서구 문학의 수용 과정에서 형성된 추상성과 관념성에서 벗어나지 못하고 있었다. 김소월의 시집『진달래꽃』은 이러한 1920년대의 문학적 맥락 위에서 형성되었다. 시집『진달래꽃』은 시인이 자기 내면의 전체 지평을 재현하는 양상을 드러낸다. 시인은 주어진 현실 지평 위에서 갓 스물의 청춘이 막연하게 느끼는 자기 상실감을 대타자인 ‘님’의 부재로 상정하고 있다. 시인은 불확실한 부재로만 다가왔던 ‘님’의 존재를 삶 속의 구체적인 모습으로 서서히 밝혀나간다. 삶의 방향을 정확히 결정하지 못하고 방황하는 시인의 처지는 ‘나그네’, ‘길’, ‘봄’, ‘밤’, ‘비’ 등의 관용적 소재를 통해 표현된다. 김소월은 허황된 청춘의 꿈들을 지워가며 자기 주체 정립의 구체적 토대를 마련해 간다. 추상성과 관념성으로 재현되었던 자기 내면의 설움은 지금-여기의 현실 공간을 지각하는 감각 체험과 함께 드러나게 된다. 이때 ‘님’의 부재로 인한 설움의 시간이 잦아들면서 현실의 사물이 그대로 투영되는 감각 체험이 내면의 한 영역으로 현현(顯現)한다. 시인은 자기 내면에서 ‘님’의 상실에서 오는 설움(비애)을 자기 체험의 소재로 대상화하면서, 설움의 정서와 항상 길항을 이루며 드러나는 ‘감각’ 영역을 발견한 것이다. 시인은 이러한 자기 깨달음을 토대로 공동체 전체의 지향성이 상실된 설움의 현실을 딛고 일어나 새로운 주체가 정립될 수 있는 가능성을 만들어 갔다. 김소월은 홀로 지각하는 밤 풍경뿐만 아니라, 더불어 살아가는 일상의 풍경을 재현하면서 시적 지평을 넓혀 갔다. 시인은 일제의 억압에 의해 공동체적 지향이 상실되었다고 할지라도 민중들의 실제 삶은 기존의 모습 그대로 생생하게 지속되고 있다는 사실을 깨닫는다. 시인은 이렇게 자기 감각으로 체험된 풍경을 시작품으로 재현한다. 김소월의 시에 나타난 감각적 주체는 자기 내면에서 설움이 비롯되는 세계에서 벗어난 새로운 인식 영역을 재현하면서 정립되고 있다. 그렇게 형성된 감각적 주체의 시선은 기술문명의 첨단이 만들어가는 근대적 도시를 향하지 않고 민중들이 함께 더불어 살아가는 생활 세계의 풍경을 향하고 있다. 김소월의 시에 나타난 ‘꿈’은 처음에는 상실한 ‘님’을 만나는 유일한 계기였으며, 그 다음은 삶의 지향을 설정해가는 “영혼의 해적임”으로 나타난다. 시『꿈길』에서 ‘꿈’은 이제 삶의 지향이 확정된 모습으로 나타난다. 시인은 내면의 어둠에서 벗어나 ‘가을 봄’을 거쳐 가면서 지속되는 새로운 주체를 꿈꾸게 된다. 김소월은 실제 사물이 감각 체험으로 투영되는 자기 내면의 의식 지평에서 스스로의 노력으로 자기 확실성의 근거를 확보해 갔다. Kim, So-Wol reveals his anthology Korean Rosebay as an aspect recreating the entire horizon of the inner self. He is supposed to appear nothingness given to youth In his early 20s, caused absence of ‘Lover’. He wants to research for the existence of ‘Lover’ detailed on the horizon of reality. He doesn"t accurately determine the direction of the life in the early 20"s sagging. His poetry reveals wandering life that is expressed ideality compared to material such as, ‘traveler’, ‘road’, ‘spring’, ‘night’, ‘rain’. Kim, So-Wol goes to arrange a concrete foundation of subject establishment, as clearing the absurd dreams of youth. The poet reveals the sorrow in inner self, expressed with the sensory experience of reality. He discovers the "feel" experience area that forms the antagonist of the emotion of sorrow in inner self. The poet got up overcoming the reality of sorrow lost directivity of the whole community, and makes the landscape of reality that the things are projected onto the inner, to establish new-subject. Kim, So-Wol’s poetic horizon is expanded recreating the landscape of the daily lives as well as night landscape feeling alone. He discovers the original “sensory area” given in the inner self, out of the world where sorrow is derived. “The Dream” at the Kim, So-Wol’s poetry was the only instrument to meet ‘Lover’ lost at first, then goes to express “revealed soul,” and appears set up the orientation of life at the last. The poet was to get away from the darkness of the inner, to dream of a new subject that lasted going through the "Autumn, Spring". Kim, Sowol went to secure authenticity to establish new subject by own efforts, in the inner self onto that the perception is projected.

볼레로시스템의 運用上 法的 爭點에 관한 硏究

박석재,신건훈 한국해운학회 2001 해운물류연구 Vol.33 No.-

The bolero system represents a technical and legal infrastructure to facilitate paperless trade in goods via the Internet. It is operated by Bolero International Limited, a joint venture between SWIFT and TT Club. Bolero provides a solution to the security issue of dealing via the Internet by providing for message integrity, authenticity and non-repudiation via a messaging system(Core Messaging Platform or CMP) based on public key cryptography with Bolero acting as the certification authority. The contractual structure of Bolero is based on Bolero Rulebook which is a multilateral contract between each user of the Bolero system and every other user and seeks to create a legal background for Bolero. There are certain legal issues in relation to the operation of Bolero system. The object of this article examines the basic legal issues in relation to the operation of Bolero system. The legal issues are as following : ·Legal requirements for writing in relation to contracts formed through Bolero system ·The transfer of the right to goods in transit ·The admissibility of electronic evidence ·Choice of law and jurisdiction for Bolero Rulebook

회전근 개 병변에서 골 단일광자방출전산화 단층촬영과 단순 방사선 사진의 비교

박진영,박선건,김승철,임종범 단국대학교 2000 論文集 Vol.35 No.-

purpose : The increased uptake on the bone scan represents the zone of increased bon metabolism. Single photon emission computerized tomography(SPECT) is more precise in detecting lesions of increased uptake than planar bone scan. The purpose of this study is to examine applicability of bone SPECT to shoulder lesions and to analyze the efficacy of SPECT compared with simple X-ray in rotator cuff lesion. Materials and Methods : Subjects were 21 patients with of rotator cuff lesion confirmed by surgical(arthroscopic or open) procedure. Increased uptake(bone SPECT) and sclerosis of greater tuberosity and anterior acromion on X-ray were considered positive. Results : For acromion, sensitivity of the bone SPECT was 90.9% and specificity was 50.0%. For greater tuberosity, sensitivity was 92.3% and specificity 37.5%. For acromioclavicular joint, sensitivity was 80.0% and specificity 81.3%. Conclusion : This study demonstrates that the uptake of radioisotope in shoulder is increased in patients with painful partial or total rotator cuff tear. And extrinsic mechanical pressure seems to be the cause of rotator cuff lesion of the shoulder.

연폭로 수준에 의한 공기중 연농도와 혈액중 연농도간의 상관성

박석건,김광종,장성훈 大韓産業醫學會 1991 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.3 No.1

The correlation between the lead concentration in air at work site and in blood among three different groups of workers was studied. The test subjects were 50 lead solderers in an eleotronic company(Group 1). 66 lead smelters(Group 2). 40 workers in storage battery factory(Group 3). The results were as follows: 1. The geometric mean of air lead concentration in Group 3 was the highest level among the three groups at 0.226 mg/㎥ (0.070-1.475 mg/㎥). The lead concentrations at work sites were found to be significantly different among, the three groups. 2. The mean of blood of lead concentration in Group 3 was 74.3 ㎍/dl(17.0-149.3 ㎍/dl) was also the highest level among the three groups. The levels of lead concentration among the three groups were significantly different. 3. In Group 2 and 3, the correlation coefficient between lead concentration in air and in blood was statistically significant. The correlation coeffioient was found to increase with the level of lead exposure.

사망진단서(사체검안서) 상의 선행사인으로부터 사망통계의 원사인이 선정되는 비율 : 3개 대학병원에서 교부된 사망진단서를 중심으로

박우성,박석건,정철원,김우철,탁우택,김부연,서순원,김광환,서진숙,부유경 한국의료QA학회 2004 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.11 No.1

Background : To exatnine the problems intolved in writing practice of death certificates, we cotnpated the determination of underlying cause of death for wital statistics using recorded underlying cause of death in issued death statistics. Methods : We collected 688 rnortality certificates issue in year of 2,000 from 3 university hospitals. And we also collected vital statistics from ministry of statistics. The causes of death were coded by experienced medical record wpecialists. And causes of death determined at ministry of statistics for national vita statistics were mapped to causes of death recorded at each death certificates. The rate that underlying causes of death for vital statistics were derived from underlying causes of death recorded at issued death certificaties sere analysed. Results : 64.5% of underlying cause of death for could be derived from underlying cause of death recorded at issued death certificates, 8.6% derived from intermediate cause of death, and 3.9% derived from direct cause of death. In 23% of cases, underlying cause of death could not be derived using issued death certificates. The rate that underlying cause of death for vital statistics could be derived from underlying cause of death recorded at death certificates was different between 3 university hospitals. Ane the rate was also different between death certificates and postmortem certificates. We classified the causes of death using 21 major categories. The rate was different between diseases or conditions tha caused death too. Conclusion : When we examined the correctness of death certificate writing practice using abpve methods, cortectness of writing could not be told as satisfactory. There was difference in correctness of writing between hospotals, between death certificates and postmortem certificates, and between diseases and conditions that caused death. With this results, we suggested some strategy to improve the correctness of death certificate writing practice.

原因不明熱의 臨床的 考察

박석건,최성재,최강원 대한감염학회 1984 감염 Vol.16 No.1

Etiology of Fever of Unknown Origin and contribution of diagnostic tests as bone marrow biopsy, liver biopsy, radionuclide liver scan, and anti-ds DNA antibody test to the final diagnosis of F.U.O. was studied in 41 patients who were admitted to the Seoul National University Hospital from December '80 to January '84. We used Petersdorf's criteria for patient selection. 1) According to the final diagnosis, patients were grouped into 6 diagnostic categories; Infectious disease was 29%, Malignancy 17%, Connective tissue disease 24%, granulomatous disease 3%, others 3%, and unknown 22%. 2) Contribution of diagnostic tests to the final diagnosis was tested by positive diagnostic rates of the each tests; 17% in bone marrow biopsy, 29% in liver biospy. 3) Liver scan and anti-dsDNA antibody test seemed to be good screening to tests, although positive diagnostic rate were low.

대학생 축구선수의 등속성 체간근력과 대퇴근력 및 거퇴근력과의 관련성

박기용,홍석민,최경훈,추근도 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.6

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among trunk muscle, knee, and ankle strengths using Cybex770, the isokinetic muscle functioning measurement device. 41 K and Y University soccer players who did not have any experience about back pain or spine surgery were recruited as subjects. The results of the study were as follows. 1. Trunk extension was significantly higher than trunk flexion and muscle strength was diminished with increasing load speed. 2. Trunk flexion/extension ratio was well balanced at 30。/sec but this balance was broken with increasing load speed. 3. At 60。/sec of load speed, the knee extension and flexion of the left side were higher than those of the right side. 4. At 60。/sec of load speed, the ipsilateral muscle strengths of the left knee were well balanced but those of the right side were imbalanced. 5. At 60。/sec of load spped, the ratio of bilateral muscle strength of knee was -18.5±32.3% and this implies the possibility of knee injury. 6. Plantalflexion and dorsiflexion of the right ankle were higher than those of the left side, and dorsiflexion/plantalflexion ratio of the left side was higher than that of the right side. 7. The ratio of bilateral muscle strength of ankle at 60。/sec of load speed represented a balanced muscle development but this balance was broken with increasing load speed.8. There were partially significant relationships between trunk muscle and knee strengths. and between knee and ankle strengths. In conclusion, the trunk muscle strength of soccer player might be a very important factor to improve performance. In addition. a training technique which considering strength and speed is needed to develop not static but dynamic strength. This training not only develops well balanced muscle strength but also protects sport injury. Thus, the isokinetic training of trunk could improve the trunk muscle strength. and increase the ability of flexion/extension of knee and ankle.

사체간이식 환자와 생체간이식 환자들의 삶의 질 비교 연구

김금희,윤석준,안형식,이준영,박형근,서경석 한국의료QA학회 2004 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.11 No.1

Objective : The aim of this study were to measure quality of life(QOL) in liver transplant recipicnts, to ocmpare QOL between living donor liver transplant recipicnts and cadavcric live transplant recipients and to investgatre whether SF-36 may be used as a disease-specific instrument in liver transplant recipients. Methods : We conducted a single-center cross-sectional study of 133 LT recipients ages 13 to 65 years, all of whom had had Liver Transplantion(LT) at least 1 months previously. QOL was assessed using a self-completion questionnaire consisting of the Bang Whal Ran(1991) instruments and the 36-Item Short-Firm Health Survey(SF-36) health status profile measure. We investigated whether the SF-36 instrument may be used as a disease-specific instrument in LT recipients. Individual scale scores range from 0 to 100 , with higher score reflecting better health. Data on demograpics, clinical status at pre transplantation 1 day, post transplantation clinical statns, and graft gunction were collected to identify predictors of post transplantation QOL. Results : Standard measures for test-rtest reliability, internal consistency, and discriminant and concurrent validity were examined. The reliability of the SF-36, as measured by test-retest correlation(Pearson coeffocoents: 0.729, p=0.002) and by internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha: 0.9431) exceeded conbentional acceptability criteria. The correlation between domain scores of SF-36 and the Bang Whal Ran(1991) was clear and logical in that the clinical characteristics of SF-36 strongly correlated with the clinical component summary score of the Bang Whal Ran(1991)(r = 0.8155, P<01). SF-36 scale scores were compared between Cadaveric Liver Transplant recipients and Living Donor Liver Transplant recipients. Donor types of post LT did not influence HRQOL(P >0.05). 87% of the liver transplant recipients were safisfied to get LT. Satisfaction of post LT showed significantly greater HRQOL(p<0.001). Conclusion : SF-36 is found reliable and valid. This study indicates thet Donor Type did not influence HRQOL after LT. The information gained from this study will help us to better define expectations and the colinical course after liver transplantation to patients and their families.

교통사고로 내원한 접형척추(butterfly vertebra) 환자 1예 보고

염석란,이근,박철완,양혁준,현성열,류일,진욱 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.3

A butterfly vertebra is a rare, but very important congenital anomaly that must be differentially diagnosed with compression fracture of the vertebral body. It has characteristic findings on simple X-ray, CT, and MRI. These findings are an anterior wedging contour on the sagittal image, a widening of the transverse diameter on the coronal image, adaptations of nearby vertebral endplates on the sagittal image, communicated intervertebral disc spaces on the sagittal and the coronal images, a well-defied midline bony defect with a sclerotic margin in the vertebral body on the axial image, and a normal body signal intensity on MRI. Because of legal problems and further plans for treatment, close attention must be given to patients who complain of back pain and who have decreased anterior height of the vertebral body after trauma. In those patients, a butterfly vertebra must be differentially diagnosed with compression fracture of vertebral body. We report one such case here.

흉골골절이 의심되는 외상환자에서 초음파의 진단적 효용성

염석란,김재광,이근,박철완,양혁준,현성열,임용수,진욱 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.3

Purpose: This study compared the value of ultrasonography(US) in the diagnosis of sternal fractures with those of conventional radiography and bone scan. Material and Method: From March 2000 to March 2001, in Gil Medical Center, Gachon Medical College, 44 patients(22 women and 22 men, mean age 46 years, range 5∼81 years) complained of tenderness in the sternal area. The cases histories of these patients with clinically suspected sternal fracture due to blunt trauma were prospectively studied. At the time of admission, conventional radiography(sternal view) was done. At one day after admission, sternal ultrasonography was obtained, and after 4∼5 days, a bone scan was done. Sternal ultrasonographic findings, conventional radiographic findings, and bone-scan findings were compared. In addition, a 12-lead ECG was done. When it was necessary, cardiac enzyme was checked and echocardiography was performed. Result: In 21 of 44 patients(48%), a sternal fracture was found by sternal US. Only 9 of 21 patients (43%) were diagnosed as having a sternal fracture by using conventional radiography. 23 of 44 patients (52%) have negative findings on sternal US; they also had negative findings on conventional radiography. Except for 7 unchecked patients, 13 of 21 patients(62%) were diagnosed as having a sternal fracture by bone scan, and among the 23 patients who had negative findings on sternal US, the 19 patients checked with a bone scan also had negative findings. Conclusion: Sternal US can find sternal fractures that are difficult to find on conventional radiography. Compared with bone scan, sternal US takes a shorter time and sternal US is not difficult. Additionally, combined lesions with sternal fractures(peristernal hematoma, soft tissue swelling) and costar cartilage fractures are diagnosed more easily when using sternal US.