역경 극복을 돕는 성인 한국인의 긍정성 탐색: 긍정적 태도 척도 개발과 타당화

현경자 한국사회및성격심리학회 2009 한국심리학회지 사회 및 성격 Vol.23 No.2

This study explored the components of positivity that help adult Koreans maintain a positive attitude toward the self and the society. Taking multiple perspectives was conceptualized as a core characteristic of positivity that enables one to find meanings in and/or to create meanings for the self and the society in which one lives. Thus positive cognitive tendencies such as taking multiple perspectives were hypothesized to promote self-acceptance, self-belief, self-control, adaptation to and acceptance of the society. Based on these conceptualizations of individuals' positivity, preliminary scale items were constructed, and development and validation of a positive attitude scale was attempted, using 352 college students and 401 adults. As expected, results of exploratory factor analyses revealed 6 factors, which were named as multiple perspectives, self-acceptance, self-belief, self-control, social adaptation, and acceptance of society. Among these factors, however, self-belief factor was excluded because its items were found to be loaded with other factors as well, and because results of confirmatory factor analyses supported 5 factors model better than the other one. The final 5 factor scale was found to be reliable in terms of internal consistency and test-retest reliability, and to be significantly correlated with similar positive traits of the self as well as with psychosocial well-being variables in an expected direction, suggesting that the scale has good construct and predictive validity. As for incremental validity, positive attitude scale augmented prediction of positive emotion and stress-related reactions beyond a self-esteem measure. Finally, implications and limitations of this study were discussed, and future directions for this line of research were suggested. 이 연구는 역경에서나 일상생활에서 도움이 되는 성인 한국인의 긍정성을 탐색하고 그 구성개념에 따라 긍정적 태도 척도를 개발하여 타당화 작업을 시도하였다. 본 연구에서는 개인의 긍정성을 자신과 자기가 속한 사회를 다각도로 살펴 긍정적 측면에 주목하고 의미를 부여하는 인식성향과 그에 따른 긍정적 태도로 규정하였다. 한국인의 긍정성은 긍정적 관점, 자기긍정성, 사회긍정성으로 구분될 수 있고, 구체적으로 긍정적 시각을 촉진하는 관점의 다각화, 자기수용, 자기소신, 자기조절, 사회적응, 사회수용과 같은 특성을 보일 것으로 가정하였다. 이론추출 방식과 경험적 연구결과를 토대로 척도문항들을 선정하였으며, 서울과 대구지역의 대학생 373명과 일반 성인 401명을 대상으로 요인분석을 실시한 결과 이론적 예측과 일관되게 6개 요인이 추출되었다. 하지만 이중 자기소신 요인은 해당 문항들에서 타 요인에 중복 부하된 것이 많이 있었고, 확인적 요인분석을 통해 5요인의 적합도가 6요인보다 우수하게 나타나 요인의 순수성과 척도의 간명성을 위해 제작과정에서 제외되었다. 최종적으로 긍정적 태도 척도는 긍정관점 요인 1개(다각화), 자기긍정성 요인 2개(자기수용, 자기조절), 사회긍정성 요인 2개(사회적응, 사회수용)로 구성되었다. 제작된 척도의 구성타당도, 내적합치도 및 구인, 예측, 증분 측면에서의 타당도는 적절하게 나타났다. 예측대로 이 척도는 자존감, 희망감 등의 긍정적인 자기특성 변수들과 유의미한 정적 상관을 보였고, 심리사회적 안녕 변수들과도 유의미한 상관을 나타냈으며, 긍정적 정서 및 스트레스 관련 변수들에 대한 자존감의 효과를 통제하고도 긍정적 태도의 설명력이 유의미하게 증가됨을 보여주었다. 끝으로 본 연구의 이론적, 임상적 의의와 제한점, 후속연구 방향을 제언하였다.

자기 긍정성과 성 교정관념: 무엇이 여성에게 우선적인가?

조혜자,방희정 한국여성심리학회 2004 한국심리학회지 여성 Vol.9 No.1

This study was intended to investigate the effects of gender-stereotypes and self-positivity bias on Korean women's self-construals and in-group and out-group perceptions. The results of explicit questionnaire which we developed to measure perceptions of male and female and self-construals showed that positive gender-stereotypes made effects on self-construals and in-group perception. But the results of IAT showed that even gender-stereotypes and self-positivity bias were automatically activated, self-positivity was prior to gender-stereotypes. The results were discussed in terms of self-consistency, self-protect and self-fulfilling prophecy.

발달장애인 당사자가 인식한 친구·직업 유무가 삶의 만족에 미치는 영향과 긍정적 자아개념의 매개효과: 지적장애와 자폐성장애의 다집단 분석

허경화,백은령 한국장애인고용공단 고용개발원 2023 장애와 고용 Vol.33 No.4

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to emphasize the significance of self-reporting, as perceived by individuals with developmental disabilities, and to examine how the presence of friendships and employment, as perceived by the individuals themselves, influences their life satisfaction. Additionally, the study aims to verify the mediating role of positive self-concept in this relationship. Method: This study utilized secondary data from the ‘Survey on the Work & Life of Persons with Developmental Disabilities’(conducted in 2021). Among the group of participants who engaged in self-reporting, data from the "Typical Reading Material Group" consisting of 966 individuals(661 with intellectual disabilities and 305 with autism spectrum disorders) were utilized. The analysis was primarily conducted using SPSS Statistics 26 and Amos 22, employing a structural equation modeling approach with multigroup analysis. Results: In the perception of people with developmental disabilities, the presence of friends directly had a positive(+) effect on positive self-concept, and the presence of a job had a direct positive(+) effect on both positive self-concept and life satisfaction. Positive self-concept was found to have the greatest positive(+) effect on life satisfaction, and positive self-concept was found to have a significant mediating effect between the existence of friends or jobs and life satisfaction. However, these results differed between intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. In the case of people with intellectual disabilities, both friends and work had a direct positive effect on positive self-concept, and work had a direct effect on life satisfaction. In contrast, for individuals with autism spectrum disorder, only the presence of friends had a direct positive(+) effect on positive self-concept. Conclusion: Through these results, the importance of self-reporting of people with developmental disabilities expressing their thoughts was emphasized, and practical implications of social welfare appropriate for intellectual disability and autistic disorder, commonly known as developmental disabilities, were derived.

자기 참조적 출처 기억에서의 자기 긍정 편향

김경미,이도준 한국사회및성격심리학회 2010 한국심리학회지 사회 및 성격 Vol.24 No.1

본 연구는 출처 점검 과제(source monitoring task)를 사용하여 자기 긍정 편향(self-positivity bias)의 영향으로 인해 출처 기억에서 자기 참조 효과(self-reference effect)의 크기가 기억 내용의 정서가에 따라 달라지는 지 살펴보았다. 참가자들이 자기 참조 및 타인 참조 부호화 조건에서 단어들을 학습한 직후 기억 검사를 받았던 실험 1에서는 긍정 형용사에 비해 부정 형용사에 대한 출처 기억에서 자기 참조 효과가 유의미하게 감소하였으며, 학습과 검사 사이에 24시간의 파지 간격을 둔 실험 2에서는 이러한 양상이 더욱 극대화되어 부정적 단어에 대한 출처 기억에서 자기 참조 효과가 사라지는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과는 자기 긍정 편향으로 인해 동일 정서가의 정보일지라도 자신과의 관련성에 따라 그 출처가 기억되는 양상이 달라졌음을 의미한다. 본 연구는 자아를 참조하여 정보를 처리(self-referential processing)하는 것이 늘 더 정확한 기억을 유도하는 것은 아니며, 주로 부정적 측면에서 논의되어 온 기억 편파 및 왜곡이 자기 고양 동기의 실현 및 긍정적 자기 개념의 유지 등을 돕는 순기능적 역할 또한 수행할 수 있음을 밝혔다는 데 그 의의가 있다. The present study investigated whether the magnitude of self-reference effects would differ for positive versus negative information as a function of self-positivity bias within a source monitoring paradigm. In Experiment 1 where a memory test immediately followed a learning phase, the size of self-reference effects was significantly larger for the positive words compared to negative words. This decrease in the magnitude of self-reference effects for negative words was found to be more pronounced in Experiment 2 where a 24-hour interval was introduced between learning and memory test phases: no self-reference effect for negative words. The present findings suggest that due to the self-positivity bias, the association between a memory and its source become systematically biased toward positivity when a memory is self-relevant as well as toward negativity when a memory is about others. Overall, the current findings provide support for the crucial role of memory in maintaining and enhancing positive self-image and further suggest that memory bias, which has mostly been discussed for its negative consequences, may serve a functionally adaptive role by enhancing individuals' positive self perception and subjective well-being.

대학생의 공적 자의식과 사회불안의 관계에서 부정적 평가에 대한 두려움과 긍정적 평가에 대한 두려움의 매개효과

이강아,홍혜영 한국상담학회 2013 상담학연구 Vol.14 No.4

This study aimed at exploring the effect of university students Public self-consciousness and social anxiety, and Fear of Negative Evaluation and Positive Evaluation plays a mediated role in relations of public self-consciousness and social anxiety. Thus this study selected 402 university students in Seoul, Gyeonggi and Incheon (male: 197, female: 205), and examined into fears on Public self-consciousness, social anxiety, Fear of Negative Evaluation and Fear of Positive Evaluation. To analyze the data, the study used SPSS 18.0 and AMOS program, and conducted technical and statistic analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and verification of structural equation model. The study findings are as follows. First, correlation analysis to public self-consciousness, social anxiety, Fear of Negative Evaluation and Positive Evaluation showed that public self-consciousness was in a significant positive correlation to social anxiety. Public self-consciousness was in a significant positive correlation to fears of Negative Evaluation and Positive Evaluation. And Fear of Negative Evaluation and Positive Evaluation was in a significant positive correlation to social anxiety. Second, regression analysis to explore the effect of public self-consciousness, social anxiety, Fear of Negative Evaluation and Positive Evaluation on social anxiety showed that public self-consciousness was in a significant positive effect on social anxiety, and Fear of Negative Evaluation and Positive Evaluation was in a significant positive effect on social anxiety. Finally, verification of the mediated effect model to Fear of Negative Evaluation and Positive Evaluation in relations of public self-consciousness and social anxiety showed that public self-consciousness was totally mediated by Fear of Negative Evaluation and Positive Evaluation, which has an effect on social anxiety. This Study demonstrated that public self-consciousness and social anxiety was strong factor for Fear of Positive Evaluation preparation behavior. Based on this study, we discussed about implication and limitation of origin study of this subject. 본 연구는 대학생의 공적 자의식이 사회불안에 미치는 영향을 탐색하고, 부정적 평가에 대한 두려움과 긍정적 평가에 대한 두려움이 공적 자의식과 사회불안의 관계에서 매개역할을 하는지 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해, 서울․경기와 인천지역의 대학생 402명(남: 197명, 여: 205명)을 대상으로 공적 자의식, 사회불안, 부정적 평가에 대한 두려움, 긍정적 평가에 대한 두려움을 조사하였다. 자료 분석을 위해 SPSS 18.0과 AMOS 프로그램을 활용하여, 기술 통계분석, 상관분석, 회귀분석, 구조방정식 모형검증을 실시하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 공적 자의식, 사회불안, 부정적 평가에 대한 두려움과 긍정적 평가에 대한 두려움의 상관분석 결과, 공적 자의식은 사회불안에 유의미한 정적상관을 나타냈다. 공적 자의식은 부정적 평가에 대한 두려움과 긍정적 평가에 대한 두려움에도 유의미한 정적 상관을 나타냈다. 부정적 평가에 대한 두려움과 긍정적 평가에 대한 두려움도 사회불안에 유의미한 정적 상관을 나타냈다. 둘째, 공적 자의식, 부정적 평가에 대한 두려움과 긍정적 평가에 대한 두려움이 사회불안에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 공적 자의식은 사회불안에 유의미한 정적 영향을 미치고, 부정적 평가에 대한 두려움과 긍정적 평가에 대한 두려움도 사회불안에 유의미한 정적영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 공적 자의식과 사회불안의 관계에서 부정적 평가에 대한 두려움과 긍정적 평가에 대한 두려움의 매개효과 모형을 검증한 결과, 공적 자의식은 부정적 평가에 대한 두려움과 긍정적 평가에 대한 두려움이 완전매개하여 사회불안에 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 결과는 공적 자의식과 사회불안의 관계에서 부정적 평가에 대한 두려움과 구별되는 개념으로 긍정적 평가에 대한 두려움이 영향을 미치는 변인으로 고려되어야 함을 시사한다. 끝으로 본 연구의 제한점 및 후속연구에 대하여 논하였다.

외조모의 긍정적 양육행동과 어머니의 자기분화 및 긍정적 양육행동이 학령 후기 아동의 자아개념에 미치는 영향

김혜진(Hyejin Kim),도현심(Hyun-Sim Doh),박보경(Bokyung Park) 한국아동학회 2017 아동학회지 Vol.38 No.1

Objective: This study examined the effects of maternal grandmothers’ positive parenting behavior and mothers’ self-differentiation and positive parenting behavior on self-concept in late childhood. Methods: A total of 341 5<SUP>th</SUP>– and 6<SUP>th</SUP>– grade elementary school children and their mothers participated in the study. Children were surveyed regarding perceptions of their mothers’ positive parenting behavior and their own self-concept. Mothers responded to questionnaires regarding both positive parenting behavior of their mothers and their own self-differentiation. The data were analyzed using SEM. Results: Maternal grandmothers’ positive parenting behavior had an indirect effect through mothers’ self-differentiation and positive parenting behavior on children’s self-concept. Mothers who perceived positive parenting behavior in their mothers in their childhood showed positive parenting behavior (as perceived by their children), and those children reported a higher level of self-concept. Mothers who perceived their mother’s parenting behavior in their childhood more positively reported a higher level of self-differentiation, and those mothers showed more positive parenting behavior (as perceived by their children), which led to more positive self-concept in children. Conclusion: The findings specify the pathways from maternal grandmothers’ positive parenting behavior to children’s self-concept through mothers’ self-differentiation and positive parenting behavior in an aspect of the intergenerational transmission of parenting. The findings also emphasize the importance of mothers’ positive parenting behavior for positive self-concept in late childhood.

스쿠버다이버의 해양레저경험과 자기긍정, 자아통제, 사회성의 구조적 관계

박상훈,문상정 한국해양관광학회 2023 해양관광학연구 Vol.16 No.4

Among the tourism sectors that are increasing public interest in the modern value consumption-oriented society, the marine tourism industry is the fastest growing sector. In particular, in the case of Korea, which is surrounded by the sea on three sides, the number of marine leisure users is steadily increasing. Although marine leisure activities are classified as extreme sports, compared to other sports, it is a complex leisure activity that helps relieve stress as well as psychological effects and emotions. Therefore, this study aims to verify how scuba divers' marine leisure experiences affect self-positivity and self-control. In addition, we want to verify the impact of self-positivity and self-control on sociality at an exploratory level. The results of hypothesis testing are as follows: First, it was found that the scuba divers' marine leisure experience had significant positive (+) effects on self-positivity. Second, it was found that the scuba divers' marine leisure experience had significant positive (+) effects on self-control. Third, it was found that the scuba divers' Self-Positivity had significant positive (+) effects on Sociality. Lastly, it was found that the scuba divers' self-control had significant positive (+) effects on Sociality. The results of this study suggest that by identifying the relationship between psychological values through marine leisure activities, the positive value of marine leisure activities can contribute to the development of marine tourism.

따뜻함과 안전 초기기억이 자기비판, 자기공격, 자기위안에 미치는 영향: 긍정성 강화와 긍정정서 비수용의 매개효과

김경희,이희경 한국콘텐츠학회 2024 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.24 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 어린시절의 온정적인 기억이 긍정성 강화, 긍정정서 비수용을 통해 자기비판, 자기공격 및 자기위안에 영향을 미치는지 확인하는 것이다. 이를 위해 20세 이상 성인 317명을 대상으로 따뜻함과 안전 초기기억 척도(EMWSS), 긍정정서 반응 양식 척도(K-RSPAS), 자기비난/자기공격과 자기위안 형태 척도(FSCRS)를 실시하였다. IBM SPSS 23과 Mplus 7.4를 사용하여 변인간 상관관계와 구조모형의 타당성을 분석하였다. 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 따뜻함과 안전 초기기억, 자기비판, 자기공격, 자기위안, 긍정성 강화, 긍정정서 비수용의 상관관계가 모두 유의하였다. 둘째, 따뜻함 안전 초기기억과 자기위안의 관계에서 긍정성 강화의 매개효과가 유의하였고, 따뜻함 안전 초기기억과 자기비판 및 자기공격의 관계에서는 긍정정서 비수용의 매개효과가 유의하였다. 이는 어린시절 온정적 관계 경험과 자기비판, 자기공격 및 자기위안의 관계는 긍정정서 반응 양식에 의해 설명됨을 의미한다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 상담 및 연구에 대한 함의를 제시하였다. The purpose of this study is to determine whether compassionate early memories affect self-criticism, self-attacking, and self-reassuring through enhanced positivity and nonacceptance of positive affect. The Early Memories of Warmth and Safeness Scale(EMWSS), Korean Responses Styles to Positive Affect Scale(K-RSPAS), and the Forms of Self-Criticism/attacking and Self-Reassuring Scale (FSCRS) were assessed to 317 adults. IBM SPSS 23 and Mplus 7.4 were used to analyze correlations between variables and the validity of the structural model. The main results are as follows: First, early memories of warmth and safeness, self-criticism, self-attacking, self-reassuring, enhanced positivity, and nonacceptance of positive affect were all significantly correlated. Second, the mediating effect of enhanced positivity was significant in the relationship between warm-safeness early memories and self-reassuring, and the mediating effect of nonacceptance of positive affect was significant in the relationships between warm-safeness early memories and self-criticism and self-attacking. This means that the relationship between compassionate experiences in childhood and self-criticism, self-attacking, and self-reassuring is explained by the positive emotional response styles. Based on the research results, implications for counseling and research were presented.

브랜드의 자아개입의 요인과 브랜드 애착 및 긍정행동의도

최낙환 ( Nak Hwan Choi ) 한국소비자학회 2013 소비자학연구 Vol.24 No.1

이 연구는 특정 브랜드의 자아개입의 원인변수와 결과변수의 식별에 초점을 두고, 브랜드정보의 자아현저성 역할과 브랜드소비의 자아표현성정도가 브랜드를 자아에 개입시키고, 브랜드자아개입이 브랜드 애착을 매개로 긍정행동 의도에 미치는 영향을 탐색하며, 브랜드와의 긍정적 관계기간의 지각정도가 브랜드에 더욱 애착하게 하고, 브랜드에 대한 긍정행동의도를 촉진할 수 있는가를 이론적으로 고찰하고, 스마트폰 브랜드를 대상으로 실증하였다. 브랜드정보의 자아현저성 역할과 브랜드소비의 자아표현성정도가 브랜드의 자아개입에 긍정적으로 영향을 미치고, 또 브랜드정보의 자아현저성 역할이 브랜드 애착을 촉진하지만, 지각된 긍정적 관계기간은 브랜드의 자아개입수준 에 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 탐색되었다. 브랜드의 자아개입이 긍정행동의도에 직접적인 영향을 미치지 못하고 브랜드 애착을 매개로 긍정행동의도에 간접적으로 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 탐색되어, 브랜드가 자아에 개입되어도 브랜드에 대한 열정과 감정이 유발되지 않으면 긍정행동의도가 촉진될 수 없음을 보여주고 있다. 그리고 긍정적 관계기간의 지각정도가 브랜드애착과 긍정행동의도를 직접적으로 촉진하는 것으로 식별되었다. Self-concept as a set of self-schemas helps consumers go to the place of making sense of themselves in their environment by managing incoming self-related brand information. Since self-schemas as knowledge structure vary across the consumers, consumers vary in the extent to which they include a certain brand as part of their self-concept and there could be the differences in behaviors toward the brand between them. How brand engagement in selfconcept (BESC) is developed and affects brand attachment and intent to buy the brand have not been explored in the past researches. Consumers possess an inherent desire to incorporate others into their self concept. Self can be expended to include the brand in self concept and could play important core roles in developing a positive affect of becoming oneness with the brand. The more incorporated in self-concept the brand is, the closer the bond between self and the brand become. Brand attachment which is associated with feelings of connection, affection, passion with the brand becomes greater over time as the bond between the self and the brand evolves. Level of BESC which indicates a more comprehensive view of consumers` brand connection is a strength of including brands as a part of the self-concept. High level of attachment to the brand could be realized when consumers view the brand as a part of their selves, and consumers` intent to buy the brand could become greater when attachment to the brand is strong. In other words, BESC could affect attachment to the brand which in turn could affect intent to buy the brand. And where does the BESC come from? BESC could be enriched by accessible memory network concerned with the notion that self becomes salient at the time of being exposed to the brand information, and by the ability to express self by using the brand. In this study a critical aspect of BESC is the focus on the propensity to include a certain brand in self-concept. Connection between brand and self-concept is possible when a certain brand information can play critical roles on activating self-concept in memory. These roles of brand information on self salience could provide a stronger BESC since the roles should be the bases of consumers` thoughts and feeling about the brand. Self placed high in the brandrelated memory hierarchy becoming more salient provides more meaning to the connection between the self and the brand and may be more likely to lead to BESC. The roles of the brand information on self-salience could positively affect BESC. And the extent to which brand usage can serve as an instrument of expressing self develops over time and through experience, and could lead to the place of connecting the brand to self. This could be true because brand`s ability to express self helps consumers activate the brand in memory when they need to represent who they are. On the other hand, duration of positive relationship between brand and consumers involves positive thoughts and feelings that they have experienced over time. These positive thoughts and feelings become part of their memory and bases of evaluating the brand. The duration of the positive relationship could affect BESC and brand attachment, both of which in turn could give positive impacts on the intent to buy the brand. The author selects smart phone brand as experimental object. The results of testing hypotheses are as follows. Firstly, there were indirect affects of BESC via brand attachment on intent to buy the brand. Secondly, self-salience roles of brand and ability to express self affected BESC. And the direct impacts of self-salience roles on brand attachment were explored Thirdly, duration of the positive relationship positively affected both brand attachment and intent to buy the brand, however did not affect the BESC. Even though there was duration of the positive relationship between consumer and the brand, BESC did not evolve if self concept was not included in the relationship. In sum, BESC was influenced by both self-salience role of brand and brand`s ability to express self, and self-salience role of brand directly gave positive influences on brand attachment. And brand attachment played mediating role on the effects of BESC on intent to buy the brand. And duration of the positive relationship directly gave positive influences on both brand attachment and intent to buy the brand.

The Moderated Mediating Effect of Self-Awareness in the Relationship between Self-Esteem, Well-being, and Positivity of College Students

박홍석(Hong Seok Park),이정미(Jeong-Mi Lee) 한국복지상담교육학회 2021 복지상담교육연구 Vol.10 No.1

The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of self-esteem, positivity, and self-awareness on the well-being of college students. To this end, we establish a structural equation model consisting of causal relationships among self-esteem, positivity, self-awareness, and positivity based on theory and prior research. For the verification of themodel, regression analysis was conducted based on data collected from 701 college students and its significance was verified through bootstrapping techniques. Model validation shows that the mediating effects of positivity in the relationship between self-esteem and well-being are statistically significant, with varying level of self-awareness. Looking at the individual effects assumed, the direct effects of self-esteem on well-being and the direct effects of self-esteem on positivity were significant, and the direct effects of positivity on well-being were also significant. These results suggest that the influence of self-esteem on well-being can be indirectly influenced by how much positive emotion an individual feel, and that the indirect effects vary depending on the individual s level of self-awareness. Furthermore, it can be seen as one of the main intervention methods to increase self-awareness in order to increase the influence of self-esteem on well-being through educational programs or welfare counseling interventions. 본 연구는 자존감, 정적정서성, 자기인식이 대학생의 웰빙에 미치는 효과를 검증하고자 하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 이론과 선행연구에 근거하여 자존감, 정적정서성, 자기인식, 정적정서성 간의 인과적 관계로 구성된 구조모형을 설정하였다. 모형의 검증을 위해 대학생 701명으로부터 수집한 자료를 바탕으로 회귀분석을 실시하였고, 부트스트래핑 기법을 통해 그 유의성을 검증하였다. 모형 검증 결과, 자존감과 웰빙간의 관계에서 정적정서성의 매개효과가 자기인식 정도에 따라 차이를 보이는 조절된 매개효과가 통계적으로 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 가정된 개별효과들을 살펴보면, 자존감이 웰빙에 미치는 직접효과와 자존감이 정적정서성에 미치는 직접효과가 유의하게 나타났으며, 정적정서성이 웰빙에 미치는 직접효과 역시 유의하게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 자존감이 웰빙에 미치는 영향이 정적정서를 얼마나 느끼는지에 따라 간접적인 영향을 받을 수 있으며, 그 간접적인 영향은 개인의 자기인식 정도에 따라 차이가 있다는 것을 의미한다. 나아가 자존감 향상을 기반으로 한 웰빙 증진을 위한 교육프로그램이나 복지상담적 개입에서 일상에서의 정적정서경험에 대한 인식이 주요하게 다루어져야 한다는 점과, 자존감이 정적정서성을 통해 웰빙에 미치는 영향력을 증대시키기 위해 자기인식을 키워주는 것이 주요한 교육 및 개입방법 중 하나라는 점을 시사하는 결과로 볼 수 있다.