Seasonal Variation of Acute Stroke- Hospital Based Study -

윤상필,정우상,문상관,조기호,김영석,배형섭 대한한의학회 2008 대한한의학회지 Vol.29 No.2

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the seasonal variation in stroke types, ischemic stroke subtypes, stroke risk factors and Sasang constitutions. Methods: 226 patients with acute stroke within 14 days onset were included, who were admitted to Kyunghee Oriental Medical Center from November 2005 to October 2006. The year was subdivided into four parts: spring (March-May); summer (June-August); fall (September-November); and winter (December-February). Stroke types, ischemic stroke subtypes, stroke risk factors and Sasang constitutions in the four groups were examined. Results: Ischemic stroke was most frequent in summer, whereas hemorrhagic stroke was most frequent in winter. There was no significant difference in seasonal variation of stroke. The frequency of ischemic heart disease among stroke risk factors was significantly high in spring (p=0.031). The frequency of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation, and hyperlipidemia did not differ among seasons. There was no significant difference in Sasang constitution among seasons. Frequency of small vessel occlusion was highest in summer. Large artery atherosclerosis was frequent in spring and summer,but seasonal variation of ischemic stroke subtypes did not show statistical difference. Conclusion: Acute stroke demonstrates seasonal characteristics according to stroke types, ischemic stroke subtypes, risk factors for stroke, and Sasang constitutions. These results have important clinical implications in stroke prevention. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the seasonal variation in stroke types, ischemic stroke subtypes, stroke risk factors and Sasang constitutions. Methods: 226 patients with acute stroke within 14 days onset were included, who were admitted to Kyunghee Oriental Medical Center from November 2005 to October 2006. The year was subdivided into four parts: spring (March-May); summer (June-August); fall (September-November); and winter (December-February). Stroke types, ischemic stroke subtypes, stroke risk factors and Sasang constitutions in the four groups were examined. Results: Ischemic stroke was most frequent in summer, whereas hemorrhagic stroke was most frequent in winter. There was no significant difference in seasonal variation of stroke. The frequency of ischemic heart disease among stroke risk factors was significantly high in spring (p=0.031). The frequency of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation, and hyperlipidemia did not differ among seasons. There was no significant difference in Sasang constitution among seasons. Frequency of small vessel occlusion was highest in summer. Large artery atherosclerosis was frequent in spring and summer,but seasonal variation of ischemic stroke subtypes did not show statistical difference. Conclusion: Acute stroke demonstrates seasonal characteristics according to stroke types, ischemic stroke subtypes, risk factors for stroke, and Sasang constitutions. These results have important clinical implications in stroke prevention.

동중국해의 해수순환과 대한해협 유량의 계절변화

오경희,방익찬,노홍길 제주대학교 해양연구소 1996 해양자원연구소연구보고 Vol.20 No.-

To study on the relation between the circulations in the East China Sea(ECS) and seasonal variations of volume transport through the Korea Strait, CSK data (1965-1989) are analyzed. As a result, the increase of volume transport in the Korea Strait in summer seems to be due to the seasonal variations of the water mass distributions in ECS. Kuroshio waters out of the shelf break has little seasonal variations. As outflowing to the south sea of Kyusyu. it has little influence on the Korea Strait. Tsushima Warm Water(TWW) flowing along the shelf break to the Korea Strait has no significant seasonal variations. But, the surface waters in ECS show clear seasonal variations : high-temperature and low-salinity in snmmer and low temperature and high salinity in winter. ECS deep waters have much smaller seasonal variations than the surface waters. Thus, seasonal variations of ECS could be mainly due to the surface waters. The distributions of surface waters in summer coincide with the area of Yangzee coastal waters from Yangzee river to the Korea Strait. It means that the seasonal variation of volume transport in the Korea Strait could be caused by the input of Yangzee coastal waters.

간경변증 환자에서 식도정맥류 출혈의 계절적 변화의 관련 요인 분석

이선해 ( Sun Hae Lee ),김선주 ( Sun Joo Kim ),정승원 ( Seung Won Jung ),김지욱 ( Ji Wook Kim ),김환열 ( Hwan Yeol Kim ),김영훈 ( Young Hoon Kim ),이보영 ( Bo Young Lee ),함정호 ( Jeung Ho Ham ),김인호 ( In Ho Kim ),정일권 ( Il ksu 대한소화기학회 2002 대한소화기학회지 Vol.40 No.6

Background/Aims: The circadian variation of portal blood pressure and diurnal incidence of esophageal variceal bleeding (EVB) is well known, but the seasonal variation of EVB is still controversal. This study was performed retrospectively to evaluate the seasonal variation of EVB in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods: Three hundred and seventy-five liver cirrhotic patients with EVB were enrolled. We evaluated the seasonal variation of EVB and correlations between bleeding and other clinical factors including recent alcohol intake. Results: The incidence of EVB was highest in April (50% higher than the monthly average), followed by March and lowest in July and August (45.8% lower than the monthly average), which did not reach statistical significance. The pattern of seasonal variation in patients with a history of recent alcohol intake was similar to that in the overall patient population, whereas the incidence of EVB was highest in December and lowest in August in patients without a history of recent alcohol intake. This may indicate that a history of recent alcohol intake is an important factor for EVB. Other factors such as age and Child-Pugh classification did not correlate with the seasonal variation of EVB. Conclusions: There seems to be a seasonal variation of EVB in patients with liver cirrhosis and alcohol intake may affect this seasonal variation. This result could be explained by the fact that the spring is a busy farming season and suitable for drinking in a rural district. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2002;40:386-393)

한국인 본태성 고혈압환자의 계절변화에 따르는 혈압변동에 대한 연구

신길자(Gil Ja Shin),조홍근(Hon Keun Cho) 대한내과학회 1997 대한내과학회지 Vol.53 No.6

N/A Objectives: The mortality rate due to stroke and myocardial infarction by the complication of the hypertension were the major causes of death among the Korean followed by the cancer. There are many factors to affect the blood pressure variability such as physical activity, sleeping, activation of the autonomic nervous system, climate, cold exposure and seasonal variation. The blood pressure was increased by cold exposure. In general, blood pressure was increased in winter and the cardiovascualr mortality is also increased at winter. In Korea, we have distinct seasonal variation of the climate, we have no clinical data on the seasonal variation of the blood pressure. Methods: To investigate the seasonal variation of blood pressure of Korean essential hypertensives and make effort to reduce the cardiovascualr mortality, we studied 63 hypertensive men and women hypertensives. Results: 1) The mean age was 60±10 years with 19men and 44 women. The mean systolic blood pressure was 146±22mmHg, mean diastolic blood pressure was 91 ±11mmHg. 2) The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure during the 12 months was 137±18mmHg, 86±10mmHg in men respectively. In women, the mean systolic blood pressure was 137±16mmHg and the mean diastolic blood pressure was 86±8mmHg. 3) The biochemical findings including hemoglobin, hematocrit and creatinine levels were significantly lower in women(P<0.05). 4) The systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly increased during the winter as January and February, 5) There was also significant increase of systolic blood pressure at the transitional zone to the sum- mer to autumn(P=0.0004). Conclusion: There was significant increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in winter in Korean hypertensives. This phenomenon was also observed the transitional zone to summer to autumn. So, during these period, more strict blood pressure control by frequent measurement and increase the room temperature may be recommended to reduce the cardiovascular mortality during winter.

Seasonal Variation of Acute Stroke;Hospital Based Study

Yun, Sang-Pil,Jung, Woo-Sang,Moon, Sang-Kwan,Cho, Ki-Ho,Kim, Young-Suk,Bae, Hyung-Sup The Society of Korean Medicine 2008 대한한의학회지 Vol.29 No.2

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the seasonal variation in stroke types, ischemic stroke subtypes, stroke risk factors and Sasang constitutions. Methods: 226 patients with acute stroke within 14 days onset were included, who were admitted to Kyunghee Oriental Medical Center from November 2005 to October 2006. The year was subdivided into four parts: spring (March-May); summer (June-August); fall (September-November); and winter (December-February). Stroke types, ischemic stroke subtypes, stroke risk factors and Sasang constitutions in the four groups were examined. Results: Ischemic stroke was most frequent in summer, whereas hemorrhagic stroke was most frequent in winter. There was no significant difference in seasonal variation of stroke. The frequency of ischemic heart disease among stroke risk factors was significantly high in spring (p=0.031). The frequency of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation, and hyperlipidemia did not differ among seasons. There was no significant difference in Sasang constitution among seasons. Frequency of small vessel occlusion was highest in summer. Large artery atherosclerosis was frequent in spring and summer,but seasonal variation of ischemic stroke subtypes did not show statistical difference. Conclusion: Acute stroke demonstrates seasonal characteristics according to stroke types, ischemic stroke subtypes, risk factors for stroke, and Sasang constitutions. These results have important clinical implications in stroke prevention.

적도수렴대의 위치변화에 따른 북동태평양 적도해역의 부유성 유공충 군집의 계절변동

이유리,Hirofumi Asahi,우한준,김형직,이성주,김부근 한국해양과학기술원 2014 Ocean and Polar Research Vol.36 No.4

A time-series sediment trap was operated at a water depth of 4950 m from July 2003 to May 2004 at KOMO station (10o30'N, 131o20'W) in the northeastern equatorial Pacific, with the aim of understanding the temporal variation of planktonic foraminifera assemblages in response to the seasonal shift of Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). A total of 22130 planktonic foraminifera specimens belonging to 30 species and 11 genera were identified, which shows a distinct seasonal variation with high values (125~288 specimens m−2 day−1) in the winter to spring (December-May) and low values (16~23 specimens m−2 day−1) in the fall (September-November). In addition, seasonal ecological differences of foraminifera assemblages are distinctly recognizable: omnivorous foraminifera occurred predominantlyduring the summer season, whereas herbivorous ones were dominant during the winter season. Such seasonal variations correspond to the seasonal shift of the ITCZ. Enhanced occurrence of herbivorous species during the winter-spring season seems a result of surface water mixing generated by the southward shift of the ITCZ. The increase in omnivorous species during the summer season may be due to the northward movement of the ITCZ caused by weakened wind speed, resulting in the intensification of water column stratification and nutrient-poor environment. A significant reduction of planktonic foraminifera specimens during the fall is attributed to heavy precipitation and reduction in light intensity.

해남 사구미 연안 거머리말(Zostera marina L.)의 계절특성

옥재승 ( Jae Seung Ok ),이상용 ( Sang Yong Lee ),신경훈 ( Kyung Hoon Shin ),김희중 ( Hi Joong Kim ) 한국하천호수학회 2013 생태와 환경 Vol.46 No.4

This ecological study was conducted to analyze seasonal variation characteristics of Zostera marina at HAENAM SAGUMI on the Southern Coast of Korea. Environmental characteristics, plant morphological characteristics, shoot density, biomass, and leaf production were monitored from August 2008 to March 2011. Zostera marina occurred in the subtidal zone from 0 to 2.5 m below the mean low water level. Water temperature showed a clear annual pattern, with increase in spring and summer, and decreases in fall and winter. Irradiance showed seasonal variation, even though daily weather condition has short-term variation in the incident irradiation. Plant morphological characteristics, shoot density, biomass, and leaf production showed clear seasonal variation. Seasonal variation in the above biomass of Zostera marina was mainly caused by changes in shoot length. We found that there are correlations between environmental characteristics (water temperature, irradiation) and the growth of Zostera marina. There is stronger correlation between water temperature and the growth of Zostera marina, compared to the correlation between irradiation and the growth of Zostera marina. In particular, the growth of Zostera marina is inhibited by both higher and lower water temperature.

Seasonal Variations and Correlations between Vitamin D and Total Testosterone Levels

심무열,김수현,김광민 대한가정의학회 2017 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.38 No.5

Background: Some studies have provided evidence for a possible association between vitamin D and testosterone levels; however, the evidence from studies in Koreans is inconsistent. In addition, insufficient evidence is available to support an association between seasonal variations in vitamin D and testosterone levels in Koreans. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D and testosterone levels, and between seasonal varia-tions in these levels in Korean men.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1,559 men, aged 25–86 years, who underwent a medical examina-tion. We measured serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and total testosterone levels, and compared other labo-ratory test results and patient lifestyle characteristics. On the basis of sample collection time, we categorized pa-tients into four seasons, and analyzed seasonal variability in 25(OH)D and total testosterone levels.Results: The average participant age (±standard deviation) was 53.3±8.8 years, and the average serum 25(OH)D and total testosterone levels were 15.9±7.0 ng/mL and 5.1±1.6 ng/mL, respectively. In the analysis of variance (ANOVA) model, no significant association was found between 25(OH)D and testosterone levels (P=0.51). ANOVA of the average 25(OH)D levels in season-based groups revealed significant seasonal variations in 25(OH)D levels (P-value for trend <0.001). No significant association was found between seasonal variations in total testosterone levels (P=0.06). However, after adjustment for confounding variables, total testosterone and 25(OH)D showed sig-nificant seasonal variability (P=0.007 and P<0.001, respectively).Conclusion: We found no significant correlation between serum 25(OH)D and total testosterone levels in Korean men. Moreover, serum 25(OH)D and total testosterone levels showed significant seasonal variations.

유지 혈액투석 환자의 계절에 따른 생화학적 지표의 변화 양상

김동휘;김재승;김대정;송영주;이창수;박상원;김경욱 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 2012 中央醫大誌 Vol.37 No.1/2

Background/Aims: In patients with ESRD who are undergoing hemodialysis, the various clinical and laboratory values are known to be changed by season, although they vary by study. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the seasonal variations and each biochemical parameters in hemodialysis. Methods: From December 2007 to November 2010,22 patients with ESRD were included in this study. Clinical and laboratory test was performed monthly. The results were analyzed every three months. Then correlation between seasonal variations and relevant factors was analyzed. Results: Seasonal variations were observed in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total protein, albumin, glucose, creatinine, total CO2 and potassium. Interdialytic variations in hemoglobin, total protein, alb니min,glucose, and potassium and increased body weight were found to have significant influence on the sodium. In both diabetic and non-diabetic groups, significant variations were observed only in sodium and glucose. In heart fail니re and normal groups, no significant variation was observed. Conclusions: Clinical and laboratory values in patients undergoing hemodialysis has seasonal variations. Awareness of these variations will allow seasonal adjustment of nutrition education for hemodialysis patients, prediction of changes in electrolytes and relevant factors, and improvement of the quality of life and clinical prognosis.

한국재래산양에서의 계절이 정소기능, 정자의 내동성 및 수정능력에 미치는 영향 II. 혈청내 Testosterone수준의 계절 및 하루중 변화

김창근,정영채,김광식,김수,권처진,한기영,윤종택,정영호,이장희,Kim, C.K.,Chung, Y.C.,Kim, K.S.,Kim, S.,Kwon, C.J.,Han, K.Y.,Yoon, J.T.,Chung, Y.H.,Lee, J.H. 한국동물번식학회 1994 Reproductive & developmental biology Vol.17 No.4

Seasonal and diurnal variation in serum testosterone was measured by radioimmunossary in 3 mature Korean native male goats. Blood was collected at 3-h intervals for 24h in each season. Mean levels of 4 seasons ranged from 0.82 to 2.06ng/ml and no difference was among seasons, although level in fall and winter was slightly higher. Diurnal level tended to increase at daytime in all season and when diurnal variation in level was compared to daily mean of each season, level of daytime greatly(P<0.05) increased in summer. However, variation between light and dark period in other seasons did not show significant difference. Daytime increase of testosterone was found 3 to 4 after dawn and level increased 1 to 2h ahead in summer and fall than that in others. These results in serum testosterone suggest that there was no great seasonal variation in endocrine function of goat testis.