2013년 신어의 추출 방법론과 형태ㆍ의미적 특성

이수진(Lee, Soojin),김예니(Kim, Yeni) 한국사전학회 2014 한국사전학 Vol.- No.23

New words reflect clearly the social and cultural interests of the public of the time they are produced that are worthy of research. This research looked at new words extracted and selected through new-words research projects of 2013 to examine new-words extraction methods and their morphological and semantic characteristics. The new words of 2013 were selected out of words that first appeared from July 1, 2012 through June 30, 2013. A new-words extraction tool was used for the research which was a departure from the previous new-words extraction methods. Even when the subject of the new words changed, the extraction methods and objects remained consistent to stably provide a list of new-words candidates. There was an advantage of saving the time and energy spent in obtaining the initial candidate group of new words compared to the preexisting manual extraction method for the previous new-word research projects. The new words of 2013 were mostly compound words, and the most frequently used word-formation method is ‘suffix derivation’. The suffixes such as ‘-jok(tribe)’, ‘-nyo(woman)’ and ’-nam(man)’ were often used to coin new words. Words related to smart phones, skincare and beauty were created the most in 2013 and words associated with cooking shows emerged and were widely used. The study of new-words formation methods and their morphological and semantic characteristics to examine the trend of changes in new words are closely related to capturing the changes in Korean words. This research is valuable in revealing the current social and cultural interests of the public.

새말 교육의 현황과 과제

박혜진 한국어학회 2024 한국어학 Vol.103 No.-

본 연구는 단어 형성 교육의 관점에서 새말 교육의 현실태를 분석하고 새말 교육의 개선 방안을 제안하고자 한 연구이다. 이를 위해 새말 교육과 관련한 교육적 담론 및 5종의 ≪언어와 매체≫ 교과서의 단어 형성 단원을 분석하였다. 분석 결과 ‘새말 사례의 실제성, 친숙성, 신선성이 부족한 점, 새말 형성을 기존의 단어 형성 교육 내용과 유기적으로 통합하지 않고 예외적 사례로 다루는 점, 새말 형성을 비롯한 단어 형성 교육의 내용이 형태 구조 측면에 경도된 점’ 등을 현행 새말 교육의 한계점으로 파악할 수 있었다. 이와 관련하여 본 연구에서는 ‘사례 선정, 내용 구조화 방식, 교수・학습 방안’ 각 국면에서 ‘친숙성, 신선성을 고려한 사례의 다양화, 단어와 새말에 대한 통합적 내용 구성, 의미 형성 국면을 포함한 새말 교육’을 핵심 내용으로 하는 개선 방안을 제안하였다. This study aims to analyze the current state of new words education from the perspective of word formation education and to propose improvements. Initially, the educational discourse related to new words education was analyzed to examine the directions of 'demands for educational acceptance of new words' and 'critiques of the implementation state of new words education'. The analysis identified three main themes: 'Which examples of new words are presented?', 'How are methods of forming new words integrated with existing word formation education in a morphological dimension?', and 'Are aspects of meaning and form in new words formation being harmoniously addressed?'. Additionally, based on these findings, the study analyzed the word formation unit of "Language and Media," a textbook that represents the advanced grammar curriculum in the current educational system. The analysis pointed out several limitations in current new words education: the lack of authenticity, familiarity, and novelty in examples of new words; the treatment of new words formation as an exceptional case rather than integrating it organically with existing word formation education; and a bias towards morphological structures in the content of word formation education. Considering these limitations, this study explored how new words formation should be implemented within word formation education, taking into account 'the educational significance of new words, the goals of grammar education, and the patterns of linguistic changes'. As a result, improvement measures were proposed that focus on 'diversifying examples considering familiarity and novelty, integrating content on words and new words, and including phases of meaning formation in new words education'.

코로나 시대의 신조어, 일본 사회

이해미 경희대학교(국제캠퍼스) 비교문화연구소 2020 비교문화연구 Vol.60 No.-

New words can immediately reflect the present state of a specific society and express it. The purpose of this paper was to understand Japanese society amid the COVID-19 pandemic through new words. Analysis targets were articles introducing new words related to COVID-19 in Japan, COVID-19-related newspaper articles retrieved July 5-31, and COVID-19 related posts on Twitter. In these analyses targets, new words related to COVID-19 were collected and analyzed. The results are as follow. A total of 107 new words were observed. Among them, approximately 70% were created because of the need to refer to newly created objects and phenomena. This paper focused on the remaining 30% that a new word created by the government and a new word made by the Japanese citizens. Also analyzed the meaning, intention, and characteristics of each new word. It was possible to infer the Abe government’s attitude toward COVID-19 and Japanese citizens’ evaluation of this through a new word. Summarizing the results, The Abe government practiced measures to counter COVID-19 by coining the new words; ‘Three Cs’, ‘Nonessential outings’, ‘Go To Travel’, ‘Go To Eat Campaign’, and ‘Tokyo Alert'. Against this, the Japanese citizens expressed their anger with a new word; ‘Shukinpei (集 近閉)’, adding a satirical element to the ‘Nonessential outings’, ‘Go To trouble, Go To Corona Infection Campaign, Go To Murder Campaign, Go To interests, Go To Hell, Go To Cancel’ and ‘Abenomask, Abenogenocide, Abeka (アベ禍)’, not only criticized the policy but the new words created by the government indicated how the Abe government responded to COVID-19. The result of the response was known through a new word made created the Japanese citizens. 신조어는 어떤 사회의 현재 모습을 즉각적으로 반영해서 적나라하게 나타낸다. 본고는 이러한 신조어를 통해 코로나19 사태 속 일본 사회를 파악하는 목적이 있다. 일본 내에서 코로나19 관련 신조어를 소개하는 글과 7월 5일부터 7월31일까지 검색되는 코로나19 관련 신문 기사 및 Twitter 내 코로나19 관련 게재글을 분석 대상으로 삼아 코로나19 관련 신조어를 수집·분석하였다. 그 결과, 107개의 신조어가 관찰되었고 그 중 한자어는 총 39개, 가타카나어는 68개이다. 이 중 약 70%는 언어의 가장 기본적인 기능인 커뮤니케이션을 수행하기위해 새롭게 생겨난 사물과 현상을 지칭할만한 적합한 용어를 만들어야 한다는필요성으로 만들어졌다. 본고에서는 실질적인 필요성으로 만들어진 신조어 외에 메시지가 담긴 나머지30%에 해당하는 정부발 신조어와 국민발 신조어에 집중하여 각 신조어의 의미와 의도, 특징을 분석하였다. 이를 통해 아베정부의 코로나19 관련 대처 자세와이에 대한 국민들의 평가 등을 알았다. 그 결과를 종합하면, 아베정부는 ‘3密’, ‘不要不急の外出’, ‘Go To トラベル’, ‘Go To Eat キャンペーン’, ‘東京アラート’ 이라는 신조어를 만들어 코로나19 대책을 펼쳤고 일본 국민은 이에 대항하는‘集近閉’, ‘GOTOトラブル, GOTOコロナ感染拡大キャンペーン, GOTO殺人キャン ペーン, GOTO利権, GOTOヘル, GOTOキャンセル’, ‘アベノマスク, アベノジェ ノサイド, アベ禍’와 같은 신조어를 만들어서 분노를 표출하거나 정부발 신조어인 ‘不要不急’에 풍자적 요소를 추가하여 정부의 정책을 비판하는 양상이 나타났다. 정부발 신조어는 아베정부가 코로나19에 어떻게 대응했는가를 나타냈다. 그리고 국민발 신조어는 그 대응 결과를 나타냈다. 신조어는 코로나19 속 일본의모습을 여실히 드러내었다.

새말정책안 연구

이창수 동남어문학회 2009 동남어문논집 Vol.1 No.27

This paper is Although previous researchers have pointed out several problems relating to new words and presented solutions and methods, it is true that there has been no discussion about how policy on new words is established. Therefore, the present writer thought that the general plan to solve emerging problems on new words needed to be discussed from the viewpoint of New Words Policy. This paper examined other countries' policies and previous studies on new words to arrange New Words Policy based on the necessity of this in my own way. Through these examinations, the present writer organized some policies including 'principles of making new words'. The main points are summarized like following. 1) Let us make in order of old words, original words, and Korean Chinese, Mandarin Chinese and Japanese Chinese when it is necessary to make new words. 2) Let us establish more legally binding ‘Basic Rule on Korean Words’, and lead ‘National Korean Institute’ to the system controlled by the prime minister. This adds the importance of Korean language symbolically. 3) Let us coin new words setting up the professional committee, and use the officially declared new words at least in the public sector. 4) Let us teach the contents about new words, such as principles of making new words and how to coin new words, actively and vitally in the school grounds. 5) Let us set the specific standard for new words coined, and update a dictionary annually. This extends the usages of new words. It is hoped that this study will stimulate further investigation in New Words Policy. This paper is Although previous researchers have pointed out several problems relating to new words and presented solutions and methods, it is true that there has been no discussion about how policy on new words is established. Therefore, the present writer thought that the general plan to solve emerging problems on new words needed to be discussed from the viewpoint of New Words Policy. This paper examined other countries' policies and previous studies on new words to arrange New Words Policy based on the necessity of this in my own way. Through these examinations, the present writer organized some policies including 'principles of making new words'. The main points are summarized like following. 1) Let us make in order of old words, original words, and Korean Chinese, Mandarin Chinese and Japanese Chinese when it is necessary to make new words. 2) Let us establish more legally binding ‘Basic Rule on Korean Words’, and lead ‘National Korean Institute’ to the system controlled by the prime minister. This adds the importance of Korean language symbolically. 3) Let us coin new words setting up the professional committee, and use the officially declared new words at least in the public sector. 4) Let us teach the contents about new words, such as principles of making new words and how to coin new words, actively and vitally in the school grounds. 5) Let us set the specific standard for new words coined, and update a dictionary annually. This extends the usages of new words. It is hoped that this study will stimulate further investigation in New Words Policy.

漢語新詞中“微X”族詞語的一攬子硏究

方芳(Fang Fang),朴英媛(Park, Young-won),李忠姬(Lee, Chung-hee) 중국어문학연구회 2019 중국어문학논집 Vol.0 No.119

The emergence of new words has brought a great impact on the Chinese vocabulary system. The Chinese language also absorbs, transforms and assimilates them, and even makes some new words accumulate as basic words, to enrich and develop Chinese continuously. The emergence of new words is a kind of language variation phenomenon, from the language-internal perspective, mainly displays in the differentiation of the meaning of integrating change in form and structure. Analogical word formation is an important way to produce new words and also makes a large number of group words emerge in new words. "Micro-x" words are a representative group of neologistic words. "Micro-x" words are produced quickly, with a large number, complex semantic interweaving and obvious grammaticalization trend, which is a phenomenon worthy of attention in the vocabulary and grammar of Chinese new words. This article mainly discusses and studies the nature of the words of the "Micro-x" group, the inheritance and development of the new words of the "micro-X" group, whether the "Micro-x" in the "Micro-x" group has affix like characteristics, and the reasons for the emergence of the new words of the "Micro-x" group, and gives a superficial interpretation of the phenomenon of the new words of the "micro X" group. Besides, the new Chinese words play an important role in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Chinese learners are inevitably exposed to many new words in their daily life and HSK examination. Learning Chinese new words is one of the important ways to enlarge Chinese vocabulary, learn Chinese language knowledge, understand contemporary Chinese society and improve language communication ability. However, the teaching of new words in Chinese as a foreign language is not satisfactory in terms of teaching content and learning effect. Combining with the Chinese as a foreign language vocabulary teaching laws and characteristics of new words, This article discusses the teaching of new "Micro-x" words and similar new words, and also give some suggestion from the teaching order、 teaching ideas、teaching contents and curriculum set these four aspects.

신어의 정착 연구 - 1920~1930년대 대중 잡지에 소개된 신어를 대상으로 -

김태훈,박상진 한국어의미학회 2011 한국어 의미학 Vol.35 No.-

This paper aims to discuss the characteristics of Korean new words which is stabilized. I listed 1540 new words from 25 popular magazines which is published from 1920s to 1930s. If a new word is registered in Korean dictionary, it is treated as stabilized word. But another word is not registered in Korean dictionary, it is not treated as archaic word. I use Standard Korean Dictionary of The National Institute of the Korean language. The following additional standards can support to delimit stabilized new words. 1. New words is being used more and more. 2. New words make another new words. 3. New words suffer semantic change. This paper aims to discuss the characteristics of Korean new words which is stabilized. I listed 1540 new words from 25 popular magazines which is published from 1920s to 1930s. If a new word is registered in Korean dictionary, it is treated as stabilized word. But another word is not registered in Korean dictionary, it is not treated as archaic word. I use Standard Korean Dictionary of The National Institute of the Korean language. The following additional standards can support to delimit stabilized new words. 1. New words is being used more and more. 2. New words make another new words. 3. New words suffer semantic change.

2016年汉语新词语来源领域分析

牛金?(Niu, Jinting),?容洙(Han, Yongsu) 동아인문학회 2019 동아인문학 Vol.47 No.-

This paper focus on the 2016 new words, though analyze the emergence and application of new words in society using sociology and language theory, to prove the importance of new words in linguistics and the influence and role of new words in various fields. The analyze of new words can not only analyze the status quo of language from the perspective of society, but also reflect the current situation of society through the newword"s emergence and development. The existence of new words enriches the Chinese vocabulary system, making it easier and faster for people to perceive social changes and make social life more interesting and interesting. Through the network, movies, television and other media, the new words spread faster, and the use of new words close to daily life, and played a role in the expansion of Chinese vocabulary gradually. The new words basic on the 〈2016 Chinese New Words〉, systematically summarizes the source and application of the new words produced in 2016, and combines the social status quo of 2016 to analyze the background and application of new words. The new word is not a simple word, but a crystallization of society"s language, and also a characteristic of national language. Through the study of new words, we can see the influence of changing time on language. The emergence of new words is the embodiment of the vitality of lexicology, which is the most important force in the development of linguistics.

새말 만들기 교육의 문제와 방향

남택승(Nam Taek Seung) 우리말교육현장학회 2016 우리말교육현장연구 Vol.10 No.1

이 연구의 목적은 말과 생각, 말과 사회, 말과 문화 등은 서로 밀접한 관련이 있다고 보는 ‘언어 상대주의’와 그것을 지지하는 ‘인지의미론’의 입장에서, 새말 만들기 교육의 실태를 점검하고 새말 만들기 교육이 나아갈 방향을 찾는 데에 있다. 그러기 위해 먼저, 국립국어원의 ‘신어 조사 보고서’를 비롯한 여러 연구 결과물을 바탕으로 현재 새말이 만들어지고 있는 현황을 조사하여 문제점을 분석하였다. 다음으로 중등 국어교육과정과 교과서의 실태를 살펴 새말 만들기 교육 실태가 새말이 만들어지고 있는 현실의 문제점에 대해 잘 대비하고 있는지 분석하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 1994·2001·2002·2003·2004·2005·2014년에 보고된 국립국어원의 신어조사 결과물들을 분석한 결과, 새말은 한자어와 외래어·외국어 위주로 만들어지고 있었으며, 고유어를 바탕으로 만들어지는 새말은 20% 정도로 그 비중이 낮았다. 또한 조어력이 높아 새말 생산의 대부분을 차지했던 ‘한자어 새말’의 비중이 2002년을 기점으로 ‘외래어·외국어 새말’의 비중보다 낮아졌다. 둘째, 상품, 간판, 방송프로그램 제목, 노래 제목 등에 붙인 새말 또한, 한자어와 외래어·외국어가 많았다. 특히 외래어·외국어를 심각하게 사용하는 실태에 대해 여러 보고서에서 경고하고 있었다. 셋째, 국어과 교육과정과 그것을 바탕으로 만들어진 국어과 교과서에서는 새말 교육을 비중 있게 다루지 않고 있었다. 게다가 새말이 만들어지고 있는 실태에 대한 문제의식이 반영되지 않았기에, 한자어와 외래어·외국어 위주로 새말이 만들어지고 있는 현실에 대해 국어교육 차원에서 전혀 대비하지 못하고 있었다. 이 논문은 이와 같은 분석 결과를 바탕으로 현재의 문제 상황은 물론이고, 앞으로 새말이 만들어질 문제에 대비할 수 있는 새말 만들기 교육 방안과 그에 대한 연구가 필요함을 제안하였다. The aim of this study is to check the actual state of making new words and find the direction of the education to make new words, based on both the ‘language relativism’ which has the perspective that the words and thoughts, language and society, or the language and culture are closely related to each other and ‘cognitive semantics’ that supports it. To do so, on the basis of several findings, including ‘Report on the coinage survey’ at National Institute of Korean Language, the current state and the problems in which new words have been made are analyzed. The following is that secondary National Language curriculum and the realities of the textbook are examined, analyzing whether the realities of the education to make new words cope with properly the present issues in making new words. The results are as follows. First, the analysis of the conclusions on the coinage survey at National Institute of Korean Language in 1994, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, and 2014 reveals that new words have been mainly made utilizing Chinese characters and loanword·foreign language. Besides the new words that are made employing Korean language are about 20 per cent. Futhermore, the proportion of the Chinese characters which accounted for the majority of the coinages have become lower than that of loanword·foreign language since 2002. Second, there are also a lot of new words on products, signs, and titles for the broadcast programs or songs that use Chinese characters and loanword·foreign language. In particular, several reports warn the situation in which loanword·foreign language has been seriously used. Third, National language curriculum and Korean language textbooks don’t cover heavily the education to make new words. Moreover, since the critical minds regarding to the problematic situation in making new words were not reflected, it was not prepared for the reality that almost all the new words are created largely through Chinese characters and loanword·foreign language. In this paper, based on the analysis of the current situation, it suggests that the measure for the education to make new words and the further study should be needed to cope with not only the current problematic situation but also the anticipated issues with regard to making new words.

韩国留学生使用汉语新词语情况调研

김정훈 중국인문학회 2020 中國人文科學 Vol.0 No.74

With the enhancement of China's comprehensive national strength and the spread of Chinese fever all over the world, more and more people are learning Chinese. Neologisms are a mirror of the development of contemporary Chinese society, which can directly reflect the most authentic Chinese language. The study of new words will help Korean students to understand contemporary China and improve their Chinese level. It is very important for Korean students to learn new words better through the acquisition of new words. After reading the literature, this paper finds that it is necessary for Korean students to learn new words, the current situation of their strong demand for new words and the existing problems in the teaching of new words in Chinese as a foreign language, which requires improvement in the acquisition of new words for Korean students. By using the questionnaire survey, this paper investigates the acquisition quantity, acquisition method and teaching of new words by Korean students. In terms of acquisition quantity, although the acquisition quantity of new words by Korean students has reached 50%, the proportion of new words that Korean students can master and use is very small; the acquisition quantity of new words by foreign students at primary and intermediate Chinese level is less than that of foreign students at advanced Chinese level, and the number of new words acquired by foreign students with long Chinese learning time is more. At present, the acquisition methods of new words for Korean students are mainly network, teachers, friends and dictionaries. With the improvement of Chinese level and the increase of Chinese learning time, the phenomenon of using network to acquire new words is more significant. In terms of the acquisition types of new words, Korean students have the best acquisition of life new words. The main way of acquiring new words for Korean students is network coincidence, which fully shows that the main and common way of acquiring new words for Korean students is network. In the aspect of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, the number of new words in the teaching materials is limited, and the teacher's teaching of new words is relatively scarce, so the number of new words acquired by foreign students through teaching methods is very limited, which can not meet the strong demand of Korean students for new words, so it is necessary to increase the strength of new words teaching.

浅析汉语新词语 - 以 '中国语言生活状况报告' 公布的2006-2008汉语新词语和网络流行语为例 -

김영희,한용수 한중인문학회 2010 한중인문학연구 Vol.30 No.-

중국 교육부산하 ‘중국언어문자공작위원회’에서는 해마다 이전 연도의 언어, 문자사용 상황에 대한 보고(中国语言生活状况报告)를 발표하고 있다. 지금까지 출판된 보고 내용에는 해마다 그 이전 연도의 신조어 통계가 포함되어 있는데, 그것은 2006년 171개, 2007년 254개, 2008년 359개의 신조어이다. 그렇지만 인터넷에서 유행하고 있는 신조어는 이 보고에서 발표하고 있는 신조어보다 훨씬 많다. 이런 신조어를 한국의 중국어 학습자에게 소개할 필요가 있는지, 소개한다면 어떻게 소개해야 하는지, 이런 고민에서 출발하여 본문을 작성했다. 작성하는 과정에서 신조어에 대한 소개는 이 보고에서 나열한 총 784개의 신조어에 만 국한해서는 안 된다는 생각이 들었다. 왜냐하면 신조어는 그 내용이 더 중요하지, 몇 백 개라는 숫자는 인위적인 통계를 통해 나온 숫자이기 때문에 이 많은 신조어를 한국의 중국어 학습자에게 다 소개할 필요는 없다고 본다. 다만 이런 신조어 가운데 같은 부류의 어휘가 많기 때문에 한데 묶어서 소개할 필요는 있다고 생각한다. 또한 거의 모든 신조어는 문화적 내용이 있기 때문에, 이런 내용을 모르고서는 이 단어의 뜻을 알 수가 없는 것이므로 때문에 이런 신조어가 나타나게 된 원인조사를 통해 그 단어에 있는 중국인들의 정치, 경제, 문화, 생활 등 여러 면의 정보를 더 많이 알게 되는 것 또한 사실이다. 신조어라고 해서 많은 중국인이 다 알고 또한 사용하는 것은 아니다. 사실 많은 중국인조차 발표된 신조어에 대하여 모르는 경우가 많고, 논쟁도하고 있는 것이 현실이다. 그렇다고 중국인도 모르는 단어를 우리가 배울 필요가 있겠는가 하 는 생각을 가져서는 더욱 안 된다고 본다. 오히려 이런 신조어를 접하면서 현대의 중국문화와 중국어를 배우는데 더 효과적일 수도 있다고 생각하기 때문이다. From 2005 the Chinese Government makes a briefing on language using the year before. There is a part on this report specially describing the new appeared words. According to this report there appeared 171 new words in 2006, 254 in 2007, and 359 in 2008. Besides these new words actually there are much more of them being used on the internet. For the foreigners, should they learn these new words? If the teachers teaches these new words to the students, how should they introduce so many words and in what way? On the other hands, even to the Chinese living in China, many “new” words are “new” to them too. Even so, we had better introduce some of the new words to students. Because these by learning these new words students can easily understand the developing Chinese living situation and Chinese. One of the best way to learn these new words is the grouping them. many of the new words are grouping words, eg, in 2008, there was Olympic Game in Beijing, so there are many new words concerning Olympic. Another way of making new words is like “X+Slave”, “S+gate” etc. So when we master the making ways of the new words, these new words will not be as “new” and difficult as they looks.