영어에의 자연노출이 한국인 학습자의화용적 인식과 문법적 인식에 미치는 영향

박태숙 ( Tae Sook Park ),오치성 ( Chisung Oh ) 한국현대언어학회 2015 언어연구 Vol.31 No.3

This study attempts to examine what effects natural exposure to English has on Korean learners` pragmatic and grammatical awareness. A total of 47 participants from two Korean colleges were divided into group A (25) who had natural exposure and group B (22) who did not have natural exposure. All participants were considered to be advanced learners based on their TOEIC scores and there was no significant difference in English proficiency between the two groups. They were asked to mark the recognition and ratings of pragmatic and grammatical errors in a written questionnaire. The questionnaire was composed of 20 conversations including 8 pragmatic errors and 8 grammatical errors. The results showed that the learners with natural exposure recognized far more pragmatic and grammatical errors and perceived those errors to be more serious than the learners without natural exposure. Thus, the results of the present study showed the significant effect of natural exposure on pragmatic and grammatical awareness. (Sangmyung University)

비직업적 근접 노출에 의한 석면폐증 집단발생 사례

안연순,김형렬 대한의사협회 2009 대한의사협회지 Vol.52 No.5

Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral in the Earth's crust, and it is not confined to the historic and current asbestos mining areas, but rather quite commonly encountered in certain geological environments across the world. The middle-west side of the Korean Peninsula (Chungnam province) has been composed of numerous talc and asbestos ore deposits derived from serpentine and dolomite. These areas have experienced epidemics of malignant mesothelioma and pleural plaques as a result of non-occupational “neighborhood” exposure and naturally occurring asbestos (NOA) exposure. However, asbestosis epidemics from environmental exposure were rare because asbestosis needs relatively high concentration of asbestos exposure. This review summarizes asbestosis epidemics which occurred in the residents who have lived past or current asbestos mining areas and natural in-place asbestos deposits (or asbestos-like mineral deposits) in the world, including Korean asbestosis endemics that occurred in Chungnam province, which has many historic asbestos mining. Also, this manuscript will describe effective public policies for managing NOA, minimizing potential hazards, and protecting public health from asbestos exposure.

TV 화면의 자연경관 요소가 시청자의 스트레스 해소에 미치는 영향

최영준(Choi, Young Jun) 경성대학교 사회과학연구소 2014 社會科學硏究 Vol.30 No.4

본 연구는 TV 화면을 통해서 자연경관에 노출되는 시청자의 경험이 시청자의 스트레스 완화에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 알아보는 데 그 목적이 있다. 일반적으로 사람들은 여행이나 야외활동을 통해 자연경관을 접하면서 힐링(healing)을 느낀다고 한다. 그렇다면, 미디어 화면의 자연경관에 대한 노출 경험도 동일한지 의문을 갖게 된다. 보다 구체적으로, TV 시청의 효과로써 수용자의 정서적 개선 효과를 탐색해보고자 하였다. 구체적 결과로 TV 프로그램의 화면을 통한 자연경관 노출 경험은 시청자의 정서적 개선(우울감 감소, 불안감 감소, 긍정적 기분 증가)에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. TV 프로그램의 화면을 통한 자연경관 노출 경험은 성별 차이를 보이고 있으며 이것은 같은 화면을 시청해도 남녀가 서로 다른 정서적 반응을 하고 있다는 것을 의미한다. This study is to identify the psychological impact of viewers’ experience exposed to nature scenery on TV programs on their emotions. Particularly, it is to identify if the viewers feel stress relax through nature scenery on TV screen. Generally, people say that they feel a sense of healing while they travel among nature. Indeed, that their experience in media-nature scenery also provide such a same effect has been disputable. In addition, discussion on the adverse functions of TV has been considerable and focused. However, this study focused on TV nature scenery’s therapeutic possibility more. Compared with the fact that the study of accepters’ sides which have been researched in the past, this study tried to research TV’s improvement effect for viewers in terms of psychological ways. Through survey before/after watching TV, the effect was tried to be measured. Specifically, viewers’ experience to nature scenery on TV programs played a positive role to improve their minds. In addition, as they experience it more, their attentive recognition became improved. In conclusion, nature scenery on TV screen plays a positive role to relieve the viewers’ stresses.

Improving Children’s Emotional Health through Installing Biowalls in Classrooms

A-Young Lee,Ha-Ram Kim,Hyuk Joon Kwon,Soo-Young Kim,Sin-Ae Park 인간식물환경학회 2021 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.24 No.1

Background and objective: The physical environment where children spend most of their time is closely associated with their emotional development. To improve the emotional health of children, the introduction of natural elements in the indoor space has been suggested, the benefits of which have been shown in preliminary studies. This study aims to examine the effects that a biowall - a wall installation - in a classroom has on the emotional health of children in kindergarten. Methods: A total of four biowalls were separately installed in four kindergarten classrooms at a school in Seoul, South Korea, and the 60 children in these classrooms participated in the study. We assessed the children’s emotional intelligence (via an Emotional Intelligence Rating Scale), resilience (via the Devereux Early Childhood Assessment), and eco-friendly attitudes (via the Children’s Attitudes Toward Scale) before the installation of the biowalls and then again 3 months later. Results: The children’s emotional intelligence, resilience, and eco-friendly attitudes had been significantly improved after the installation of the biowalls (p = .01). The sub-categories of the children s emotional intelligence and resilience were also significantly improved (p < .001). Conclusion: This study demonstrates the potential of biowalls—as an indoor environmental factor—in promoting the healthy emotional development of children. By bringing natural elements into indoor classroom settings, biowalls appear to increase children s direct/indirect contact with nature. To extrapolate the results of the study to the general population, future studies should be conducted with broader age groups.

도서 주민들의 건강 증진을 위한 햇빛 올바르게 쐬는 방안 연구

임흥수 한국도서(섬)학회 2019 韓國島嶼硏究 Vol.31 No.4

This study intended to verify that sunshine has a positive effect on promoting health based on precedent researches and find the right exposure methods to sunshine in order to promote health in island residents through the research results of SWOT analysis. For this, the problems that may arise with insufficient or excessive exposure to sunlight and their countermeasures shall be analyzed respectively by using the SWOT technique. The problems that may arise with insufficient exposure to sunlight as indicated in the SWOT analysis and there countermeasures are as follows; 1) Problems that may arise with insufficient exposure to sunshine: First, development of cancer due to vitamin D deficiency. Second, development of rickets due to vitamin D deficiency. Third, development of melancholia and deteriorated cognitive function due to vitamin D deficiency. 2) Countermeasures against the problems that may arise with insufficient exposure to sunshine: First, recommending adolescents with insufficient exposure to sunshine to take natural vitamin D (beef or pork liver, blue-scaled oily fish, eggs, pyogo mushrooms) and vitamin D nutritional supplements. Second, recommending those who have vitamin D deficiency to take food with vitamin D (salmon, sardines) based on big data analysis. The following are the problems that may arise with excessive exposure to sunshine and their countermeasures analyzed by using SWOT analysis; 1) The problems that may arise with excessive exposure to sunshine: The UV rays may benefit the human body but also harm the body to cause skin damage and skin aging. UVA causes skin aging such as discoloration, freckles, and wrinkles and UVB, skin cancer such as epithelial cell carcinoma and base cell carcinoma. 2) Countermeasures against the problems that may arise with excessive exposure to sunshine: First, recommending those who have sunshine allergy to avoid sunshine with UV sunscreen. Second, to be careful when using the cosmetics containing oil. Third, to take precautions against the sunshine when using a specific medicine. Through the research results of the SWOT analysis, two methods to effectively be exposed to the sunshine were suggested as follows; First, which part of the body should be exposed to the sunshine and for how long? According to the “Law of Nine,” the best way to expose oneself to sunshine was to expose about half of the arms and legs (about 54% of the body). Second, how much exposure to the sunshine in a day according to season should one take? It was recommended to have adequate sunshine exposure for between 4∼11 months with the time window of 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. being optimum, and a total exposure of 30 minutes to the sun in a day. Four recommendations for the right exposure methods to sunshine in conclusion were suggested as follows; First, Taking a 30-minutes sunbathing session at least once a week to promote health is the minimum exposure to the sunshine and must be practiced accordingly, and it was recommend to wear short clothes when taking a walk. Second, sunscreen was not recommended for full exposure but when it is applied, choose the one with SPF 10-15 or less, and it was recommended to apply an appropriate amount of UV sunscreen when taking a walk. Third, it was recommended to open windows to expose oneself to the sunshine because it is not effective to expose one’s body to sunshine from behind a window. Fourth, it was recommended to have adequate sunshine exposure as the sunshine, which is generally good for health, may cause negative effects when the body is overexposed. 본 연구는 햇빛이 우리 인체의 건강 증진에 대체적으로 긍정적 영향을 미침을 선행연구를 통하여 확인하고, 도서 주민들의 인체 건강 증진을 위하여 SWOT 분석을 통하여 햇빛을 올바르게 쐬는 방법을 모색하는데 본 연구의 목적을 두었다. 이를 위하여 먼저 햇빛이 부족하거나 과도할 시 발생하는 문제점과 그 대책방안을 각각 SWOT 기법을 적용하여 분석하였다. SWOT 분석을 통해 햇빛 쐬는 것이 부족할 시 발생하는 문제점과 그 대책방안을 제시하면 다음과 같다. 1) 햇빛 쐼이 부족할 시 발생하는 문제점으로는 첫째, 비타민D부족으로 암 발생 우려되고, 둘째, 비타민D부족으로 구루병 발생 우려되며, 셋째, 비타민D부족으로 우울증 발생 및 인지기능 저하가 있다. 2) 햇빛 쐼이 부족할 시 발생하는 문제점에 대한 대책방안으로는 첫째, 햇빛 부족한 청소년에게 천연비타민D(소 돼지의 간, 등푸른 생선, 계란, 표고버섯) 및 비타민D 영양보충제를 권장하고, 둘째, 빅데이터 분석을 통하여 비타민D 결핍자에게 비타민D 식품(연어, 정어리)을 권장한다. 다음으로 SWOT 분석을 통해 햇빛 쐬는 것이 과도할 시 발생하는 문제점과 그 대책방안을 제시하면 다음과 같다. 1) 햇빛 쐼이 과도할 시 발생하는 문제점으로는 첫째, 자외선이 인체에 도움이 되기도 하지만 해를 발생하여 피부손상과 피부노화가 일어나며, 자외선A로 인한 피부노화 즉 기미, 주근깨, 주름이 일어나고, 자외선B로 인한 피부암 즉 상피세포암, 기저세포암이 발생한다. 2) 햇빛 쐼이 과도할 시 발생하는 문제점에 대한 대책방안으로는 첫째, 햇빛 알레르기 있는 사람은 자외선차단제 등으로 햇빛 피할 것을 권장하고, 둘째, 오일 들어간 화장품 사용은 신중할 것을 권장하며, 셋째, 특정약품 사용 시 햇빛 주의할 것을 권장한다. 이 같은 SWOT 분석 연구결과를 통하여 햇빛을 효과적으로 쐬는 방안 2가지를 제시하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 인체 피부의 어느 부위를 얼마쯤 햇빛에 노출시켜야 좋을까? ‘9의 법칙’에 따르면, 햇빛을 잘 받기 위해선 팔과 다리의 절반 정도(신체의 약 54%에 해당)를 노출시키는 게 가장 효과적이다. 둘째, 계절에 따라 하루 중 햇빛 쐬는 시기와 시간을 어떻게 조절해야 할까? 햇빛 쐬는 계절은 4∼11월, 하루 중 시기는 오전10시∼오후2시, 하루 30분 쐴 것을 권장한다. 이어서 결론에서 햇빛 올바르게 쐬는 방안 4가지를 제시하였다. 첫째, 건강 증진을 위해서 일주일에 한 번 30분 일광욕은 최소한의 일광욕 시간임으로 이를 반드시 실천하고, 산책 시 짧은 옷을 입을 것을 권장한다. 둘째, 햇빛을 제대로 받기 위해선 자외선 차단제는 바르지 않는 것이 좋지만, 만약 바를 땐 차단지수 SPF 10∼15 이하로 선택해서 발라야 하는 등 자외선 차단제를 적절히 바를 것을 권장한다. 셋째, 유리창 안에서 햇빛 쐬는 것은 효과가 없음으로 유리 창문을 열고 햇빛 쐴 것을 권장한다. 넷째, 건강에 좋은 햇빛도 너무 과하면 부작용이 발생함으로 적절한 햇빛 노출을 권장한다.

The Effects of Natural Exposure on Advanced Korean EFL Learners' English Article Use

박태숙 한국영어학회 2006 영어학 Vol.6 No.2

Park, Tae-Sook. 2006. The Effects of Natural Exposure on Advanced Korean EFL Learners' English Article Use. Korean Journal of English Language and Linguistics 6-2, 279-305. This paper investigates the effect of natural exposure to English on advanced Korean learners' article use on the basis of the detailed classification of the English article system. Seventy-two advanced Korean college and graduate students participated in this study. They were divided into two groups depending on whether they have an experience of living in English-speaking countries. All the participants completed a questionnaire and a cloze test. The results showed that natural exposure to English had a great effect on the use of articles in Type 1 to 4 and the use of the definite article the and the indefinite article a. In terms of specific article usages, natural exposure was closely related to the accurate use of articles concerning E5 ([the] Immediate situational use), E6 ([the] Larger situational use), E8 ([the] Associative anaphoric use), E14 ([a] Attributive indefinites) and E15 ([∅1(p)] Attributive indefinites). Based on the results, this study suggests that for situational use of 'the,' associative anaphoric use, and attributive indefinites, providing much natural input and giving opportunities of interaction in English are recommended in the Korean EFL context. Further, in order to improve the general ability of using articles accurately, advanced learners in Korea are encouraged to be exposed to natural English through mass media, computers, and various audio and video tapes.

TV 미디어의 자연경관 화면이 시청자의 행복감에 미치는 효과

최영준 ( Young Jun Choi ),문상정 ( Sang Jeong Moon ) 대한관광경영학회 2016 觀光硏究 Vol.31 No.2

일반적으로 여행이나 야외활동을 통하여 자연경관을 접하면 사람들은 힐링(healing)을 느낀다고 한다. 그렇다면 TV 시청화면에서 나타나는 자연경관도 수용자(시청자)에게 정서적, 인지적 개선효과를 가져올 것이라는 기대와 추론이 이 연구의 출발점이다. 본 연구자는 이미 실시된 실험을 통하여 TV 미디어 화면의 시청을 통한 인지적 변화(주의집중)와 정서적 개선, 스트레스 해소를 확인한 바 있다. 본 연구는 TV 화면을 통한 자연경관 노출 경험이 시청자의 행복감에 영향을 미치는지 확인하기 위한 연구이다. 실험결과 TV의 자연경관 화면 노출을 통한 시청자의 자연교류 경험은 행복감에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로 인공(도시)경관 화면을 시청한 집단보다 자연경관 화면에 노출된 시청자 집단이 느끼는 행복감은 더 큰 것으로 확인되었다. 또한, 인공(도시)경관을 시청한 집단과 자연경관을 시청한 집단의 자연경관 관여도에 따른 행복감 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 자연경관 관여도가 높은 집단이든 낮은 집단이든 TV 화면을 통한 자연경관 노출 경험은 공통적으로 행복감에 영향을 미친다는 것을 알 수 있다. 끝으로 TV 화면의 자연경관을 통하여 얻게 되는 자연교류 체험(매혹감, 조화감, 해방감, 확장감)은 행복감에 영향을 미치는지를 확인해 보면 매혹감과 조화감은 유의미하게 영향을 미치지만 해방감과 확장감은 유의미하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. It is said that if people face the natural landscapes through travels or outdoor activities, they will usually feel themselves healed. Then, it might be expected or inferred that the natural landscapes shown on the TV screens would have some healing effects in emotional or cognitive terms. Such expectation or inference was a starting point for this study. The researcher have already confirmed some positive effects of the TV media screens on cognitive change (mental concentration), emotional improvement and relief of stress. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of the natural landscapes on the TV screens on audience`s sense of happiness. As a result of the study, it was found that audience`s experiences of the natural landscapes shown on the TV screens had positive effects on their sense of happiness. Specifically, it was confirmed that the group exposed to the natural landscape screens were happier than their counter-group: those exposed to the artificial (urban) landscape screens. However, there was found no significant difference of sense of happiness between the two groups depending on the degree to which they were `involved in the natural landscapes. Namely, regardless of how much they were involved in the natural landscapes, the experiences of being exposed to the natural landscapes through TV screens had some effects on the sense of happiness. Lastly, as a result of analyzing whether the types (senses of fascination, harmony, freedom and exaltation) of experiences of exchanging with the nature through the natural landscapes on the TV screens would have some effects on the sense of happiness, it was found that the senses of fascination and harmony were affected significantly, while those of freedom and exaltation were not.

재난 피해자의 트라우마 수준이 PTSD 증상에 미치는 영향에서 초기 증상 정도와 문제음주의 조절효과 : 자연재해 인명피해 경험 여부를 중심으로

김준범,임지혜 한국정신건강사회복지학회 2023 정신보건과 사회사업 Vol.51 No.2

This study hypothesized that PTSD symptom severity may be different according to the level of trauma which based on the exposure to natural disasters causing death and injury. Thus, we focused on the exposure to natural disasters causing death and injury to divide the levels, and examined aggravating effects of initial symptom severity and problematic drinking as the risk factors exacerbating later symptoms other symptoms. We used 940 data of disaster victims who were participated in both first (w1) and second waves (w2) collected in “Tracking Survey on Changes in the Life of Disaster Victims”, conducted by National Disaster and Safety Research Institute of Korea. The main results are as follows. First, those who experience high-risk trauma, who exposure to natural disasters causing death and injury, accounted for 5.6% of the sample. Second, the higher initial PTSD symptoms (w1) showed in those with high-risk trauma, however, no significant differences were found in the later PTSD symptoms (w2) and problematic drinking. Third, the three-way interaction term (high-risk trauma × initial PTSD symptom severity (w1) × problem drinking) was associated with PTSD symptoms (w2). This implies that the more severe the initial PTSD symptoms and the more problematic drinking patterns, the higher the risk of continuing PTSD symptoms those with high-risk trauma. Based on the main results, policy and practical implications were suggested regarding the importance of screening of exposure to natural disasters causing death and injury, clinical intervention strategies to alleviate PTSD in disaster victims.

재난관리자원 산정을 위한 지자체별 자연재난 위험성 평가

이정미,김승우,김연수 한국방재학회 2019 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.19 No.1

This paper proposes the method of risk assessment to minimize damages caused by natural disasters (typhoons, heavy rain, heavy snow, strong winds, high waves) and to establish systematic disaster prevention measures for 228 local governments. In this study, the risk assessment consists of four main factors: hazard, exposure, vulnerability, and reduction. These factors are evaluated in terms of a natural disaster's indicators for probability, consequentiality, vulnerability, and reducibility, respectively. The evaluation criteria for hazard and exposure have been proposed by analyzing the occurrences and damages of natural disasters, according to data measured by local governments over the last 20 years. Also, the evaluation indicators of vulnerability and reducibility have been selected by analyzing the damage to facilities caused by natural disasters in the last 20 years. The results of the risk assessment by natural disaster type for 228 local governments are derived by combining the results of those factors. The natural disaster risk assessment conducted in this study will help establish efficient and systematic disaster prevention measures for local governments. 본 연구에서는 전국 228개 지자체를 대상으로 자연재난(태풍, 호우, 대설, 풍랑, 강풍)으로 인해 발생되는 피해를 최소화하고 체계적인 방재 대책을 수립할 수 있도록 지원하기 위한 위험성 평가 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 이를 위해 최근 20년간의 재난 발생 건수로 평가되는 위해성과 재난 피해 규모로 평가되는 노출성, 재난 피해 취약 지표로 평가되는 취약성과 피해 저감 지표로 평가되는 저감성을 위험성 평가 요소로 설정하였다. 또한, 지자체별로 최근 20년간 발생된 자연재난 발생현황을 분석하여 위해성과 노출성의 평가 기준을 마련하였고, 자연재난 유형별로 취약성과 저감성을 평가하기 위한 지표를 선정하였다. 각 위험성 평가 요소의 평가 결과를 결합하여 자연재난 유형별 228개 지자체의 위험성 평가 결과를 도출하였다. 본 연구에서 도출된 지자체별 자연재난 위험성 평가 결과는 효율적이고 체계적인 방재대책 수립에 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

Jenks Natural Breaks Classification을 이용한 전국 격자기반 재해영향도 산정 방안 연구

유재은,정세진,허다솜,피완섭,정승권 (사)위기관리이론과실천 2023 Crisisonomy Vol.19 No.1

This paper proposes a disaster risk assessment system for the natural disaster with Jenks Natural Breaks Classification. The exposure indicators and vulnerability indicators are organized to disaster risk factors for the each receptors. The receptors evaluated the risk assessment are 9 and composed of people, industry, public facilities, educational and research facilities, medical and welfare facilities, amenity facilities, agriculture, livestock industry, and roads. All indicators are composed of 107,555 grid-based data having the codes of the region in the country. With Jenks natural breaks classification, the disaster risk assessment criteria for each receptors were presented per the disaster risk grade (Level 1 ~ Level 4). All of the criteria were evaluated with the grid-base data per the receptors and the evaluated results were presented by the maps of Korea. Through this study, the disaster risk assessment criteria can be used as the reference and forecasting for the natural disaster in Korea.