선박운항데이터 기반 실시간 선박운항효율 분석 모델 개발

황태민,황효선,윤익현 해양환경안전학회 2023 해양환경안전학회지 Vol.29 No.1

Currently, the maritime industry is focusing on developing technologies that promote autonomy and intelligence, such as smart ships, autonomous ships, and eco-friendly technologies, to enhance ship operational efficiency. Many countries are conducting research on different methods to ensure ship safety while increasing operational efficiency. This study aims to develop a real-time ship operational efficiency analysis model using data analysis methods to address the current limitations of the present technologies in the real-time evaluation of operational efficiency. The model selected ship operational efficiency factors and ship operational condition factors to compare the operational efficiency of the ship with present and classified factors to determine whether the present ship operational efficiency is appropriate. The study involved selecting a target ship, collecting data, preprocessing data, and developing classification models. The results of the research were obtained by determining the improved ship operational efficiency based on the ship operational condition factors to support ship operators.

경영효율성이 이익의 질에 미치는 영향

원자연(Jayoun Won),유상열(Sang-Lyul Ryu) 한국경영학회 2015 經營學硏究 Vol.44 No.5

The purpose of this study is to examine the relation between operational efficiency and earnings quality. We construct a quantitative non-financial indicator of operational efficiency using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) based on a vector of firms’ inputs and outputs to estimate the relative efficiency of firms in an industry. Empirical tests are conducted for non-financial firms listed on the Korea Stock Exchange for the period 2002-2012. The results of our study are summarized as follows: Using two alternative earnings quality measures (earnings persistence and accruals quality), we find that higher operational efficiency is associated with higher earnings quality. This result shows that earnings of firms with high operational efficiency have ability to predict future earnings, which implies that operational efficiency plays an important role in predicting a firm’s future earnings. Also, it indicates that high operational efficiency mitigates the possibility of earnings management. The prior research has mainly adopted simple ratio analysis (e.g., return on investment) to compute proxies for efficiency to explore the relation between efficiency and firms’ earnings quality. The simple ratio analysis has limitations in reflecting firms production function with multiple inputs and outputs. DEA is a non-parametric method that uses multiple inputs and outputs to measure the relative efficiency of DMUs and implicitly allows for differential weighting among inputs, which should provide a more comprehensive and precise measure of a firms’ operational efficiency than simple ratio analysis. While the prior research has used rank-variables, change-variables and dummy-variables as proxies of efficiency measure, we employ level-variables and therefore, we provide more clarifying result and sophisticated analysis. Furthermore, we present technical efficiency as well as pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency, which provide various analysis results. The majority of prior research has measured efficiency and focused on investigating the cause of inefficiency. Whereas, this study provides empirical evidence on the usefulness of operational efficiency by examining the association between earnings quality and operational efficiency. Our results can help accounting researchers and investors predict firms’ future earnings by providing evidence and methodology on how to use information about operational efficiency.

경영과학적 관점에서 살펴본 호텔의 운영 효율성과 수익 효율성 분석

김현정 한국호텔리조트학회 2019 호텔리조트연구 Vol.18 No.4

This study classifies management efficiency into operational efficiency and profitability efficiency by using two-stage DEA (data envelopment analysis) for domestic hotels from first grade to fifth grade. For this purpose, a total of 25 hotels were selected, and the 2018 audit report and company profile data of the Financial Supervisory Service's DART (data analysis, retrieval and transfer system) were used. The results are as follows. Overall, domestic hotels are more urgent to improve profitability efficiency than operational efficiency. Specifically, this study compared how much utilization should be improved by hotel class in terms of operational efficiency. In terms of profitability efficiency, this study analyzed how much sales and net income should be improved by hotel class. This study expands the scope of previous studies by dividing management efficiency into operational efficiency and profitability efficiency of domestic hotels using two-stage DEA. In addition, this study suggests various management strategies for improving the efficiency of the hotel industry by analyzing all the hotels from first grade to fifth grade, not limited to the luxury hotels. Finally, the managers of each hotel can use the analysis results of this study to find out what to focus on between operational efficiency and profitability efficiency.

대학의 취업 및 학사 업무 운영효율성 평가에 관한 연구 -경기도내 대학의 취업률과 장학금 수혜액을 중심으로-

김홍유,이종구,송병선 한국기업경영학회 2011 기업경영연구 Vol.18 No.1

This study analyze the operational efficiency of the work and result about operational efficiency for college in Kyunggido through Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). As tools, it uses Data Envelopment. Analysis (DEA) developed by Charnes and Cooper. It finally selects 24 DMUs which are listed on the Ministry Of Education, Science And Technology (http://academyinfo.go.kr). We measures the technical efficiency of each DMU with the use of DEA-CRS, rather then DEA- VRS because DEA-CRS not only compares relative efficiencies but also implicitly considers economies of scale based on the assumption of linearity. We run a linear programming model Frontier Analyst Program for the estimation of the relative efficiencies of each DMU. The model also indicates the precise amount of inefficiencies for each input, which mean how much inputs are wasted for a given output and how much the university is inefficiently operated. This analysis helps to give guideline for the organization to construct a future-oriented operational strategy and also to show clear picture of contents of mis-management for the past. The details of mis-management are to be identified, analysed and finally corrected. The result of empirical analysis using DEA methods in this study can be summarized as following. This result can provide useful information for improvement of work efficiency to efficiency for college. First, we try to analyze relative efficiency using DEA methods focused on producing and attracting college as the work input-output process of efficiency in college. It is the first to apply DEA methods for analyzing work efficiency for college in Kyunggido. Second, we compute the most efficient empirical efficiency frontier which consists of works of efficiency for college. 전문대학은 설립목적이 직업교육을 중시한다는 점에서 그 의의가 있다. 특히 무한경쟁시대에 살아남기 위해서는 설립목적에 맞는 교육지표는 중요하다. 교육지표로서 중요시된 것이 바로 각 학교가 발표하고 있는 취업률과 장학금 수혜실적이다. 이러한 실적을 바탕으로 학생들의 학교 선택권도 결정이 되며, 대학의 위상을 결정짓는 중요한 기준자료가 된다. 또한 대학 평가와 정보공시제의 중요한 항목으로서 취업률과 장학금 수혜실적은 큰 비중을 차지하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA)를 통해 경기도 소재 2, 3년제 대학의 취업률과 장학금 및 제반 교육시설여건 등의 관련 자료를 통해서 각 대학별로 취업 및 장학업무 운영효율성 실태에 대해서 알아보고자 한다. 이를 바탕으로, 올바른 취업 및 진로지원 체계에 대해 모색해보고, 향후 취업 및 장학지원 업무의 운영효율성을 극대화하기 위한 기초자료로 제시하고자 한다.

DEA를 활용한 지역농협의 운영효율성 평가에 관한 연구: 세종시와 공주시 지역농협을 중심으로

김홍유,임재정,이종구 한국기업경영학회 2013 기업경영연구 Vol.20 No.3

Recently, financial companies are becoming more competitive in order to survive through both domestic and foreign situations of financial industry which is becoming more fiercely competitive; however local agricultural cooperatives are relatively showing less efficiency in management and are facing a threat in survival. Therefore, local agricultural cooperatives should seek an increase in productivity and efficiency in business to survive through the struggle for existence that cannot be compared to what we have experienced before. Thus, inefficient elements that exist in local agricultural cooperatives should be unearthed and eliminated to enhance and improve operational efficiencies. In this study, we have selected local agricultural cooperatives in Sejong city and Gongju city as an object of study, and have used DEA analytic methods to evaluate the operational efficiency of each local agricultural cooperative. This study is aimed to focus on several issues. First, we have established fundamental concepts that are suitable for the purpose of this study by referring to theories of operational efficiencies that have been researched and progressed until recently. Second, methods of evaluating operational efficiencies of local agricultural cooperatives were sought based on the concept of operational efficiencies. Third, we have investigated the inefficient elements that may differ according to each local agricultural cooperative. By evaluating the operational efficiency of each local cooperative we can understand more concretely on the existent inefficient elements, and therefore present an optimal input. Based on the measured efficiency rates we may be able to solve the problem of the operational efficiencies of local agricultural cooperatives and propose a guideline to improve such issues. The implications of the results of this study can be summarized as shown below. First, the DEA analysis used in this study was applied to estimate relative efficiencies of local agricultural cooperatives located in Sejong city and Gongju city. The efficiency index measured by the DEA analysis is important not only because it is the index that points out the relative efficiency between local agricultural cooperatives, but also because it allows us to establish a plan to improve the efficiencies of local cooperatives and furthermore propose a plan that could lead us to manage available resources economically. This study offers valuable information for efficiency management strategies and cost cutting of local agricultural cooperatives. Second, by using DEA analysis, we can estimate the outcomes of local cooperatives without having any proactive suppositions of function form. Therefore we can estimate the efficiency of a particular local cooperative without having to assume the production function. Thus, efficiency measurements using DEA models can prevent the distortion of models caused by arbitrary assumptions. 최근 가속화 되고 있는 금융산업의 치열한 경쟁속에서 국내외적으로 경쟁력을 갖춘 유수한 금융기관에 비하여 상대적으로 효율적인 운영을 하지 못하고 있는 지역농협들이 생존의 위기를 맞고 있다. 따라서 지역농협도 지금까지의 경영환경과 비교될 수 없는 생존경쟁에서 살아남기 위하여 생산성의 증대와 업무의 효율화를 추진해야 한다. 따라서 지역농협의 내부에 존재하는 비효율적인 요소를 밝혀내고 이를 제거하여 운영의 효율성을 높이고 개선하는 작업이 필요하다. 본 연구는 세종특별자치시내 지역농협과 공주시의 지역농협을 대상으로 선정하고, 각 지역농협의 운영효율성을 평가하기 위하여 DEA 분석기법을 이용하여 평가하도록 하였다. 본 연구에서는 다음과 같은 문제에 초점을 맞추어 연구를 하려고 한다. 첫째, 기존에 연구되고, 진행되어온 운영효율성에 대한 개념을 이론과 문헌을 바탕으로 본 연구의 목적에 합당하도록 그 기본개념을 정립하였다. 둘째, 운영효율성에 대한 개념을 바탕으로 지역농협의 운영효율성 측정기법을 모색하도록 한다. 셋째, 각 지역농협별로 비효율성 존재가 어디에 있는지 규명 하였다. 본 연구에서 사용한 DEA 분석은 세종시 소재 지역농협의 상대적인 효율성을 측정하였다. DEA 분석에 의해 측정된 효율성지표는 각 지역농협의 상대적 효율성을 나타내는 지표라는 점에서 의미가 있을 뿐만 아니라, 이 지표를 이용하여 비효율적인 지역농협의 효율성 개선을 위한 방안을 수립할 수 있다는 점과 가용한 자원을 가장 효율적으로 운용할 수 있는 방안을 제시해 준다는 데 큰 의미가 있다. 특히 비효율적인 지역농협의 효율화 경영전략 및 비용절감을 위한 귀중한 정보를 제공해 줄 수 있다. 따라서 개별 지역농협내의 운영효율성을 판단함으로써 좀 더 구체적인 비효율적인 요소를 파악, 이에 대한 최적의 투입물 기준을 제시하여 측정된 효율치를 바탕으로 객관적인 지역농협들의 운영효율성 평가에 대한 문제점의 개선방향을 제시한 연구이다.

공기업의 지배구조 특성이 경영 효율성에 미치는 영향

김수연,이호영 한국회계정책학회 2016 회계와 정책연구 Vol.21 No.3

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of the characteristics of corporate governance on operating efficiency in public enterprises. This study investigates the characteristics pertaining to CEOs, auditors and outside directors, based on 95 observations from 2008 to 2014 using publicly available data. The characteristics of corporate governance in this study include independence, business expertise, and financial expertise of CEOs, auditors and outside directors. The operating efficiency of public enterprises is measured by the variables introduced in the study of Demerjian et al.(2012). We find evidence that there is a negative association between auditors’ business expertise and operating efficiency when the internal auditors are only included in the model. This implies that because of a tradeoff between control and operating efficiency, an increase in internal control over financial reporting or compliance with regulations may lead to a decrease in operating efficiency. The authors also find the evidence for a negative association between outside directors ratio and operating efficiency and a positive association between outside directors’ financial expertise and operating efficiency. The former provides the evidence that the number of outside directors provide no advantage in terms of operating efficiency. On the other hand, the outside directors of expertise in the area of accounting, may improve its operating efficiency with proper control. We, however, are not able to find evidence that there are significant associations between CEO’s characteristics and operating efficiency. These results imply that CEO independence and necessary business expertise of CEOs are to be improved. This study contributes to the extant literature on public enterprises by examining operating efficiency and examining managerial efficiency in an additional analysis. The limitation of this study is the possible lack of transparent information provided in the public. Also, the measurement error may occur when calculating DEA. 본 연구는 공기업의 지배구조 특성이 경영 효율성에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 분석한 경영진과 관련된 지배구조의 특성들은, CEO 및 내부감사와 관련하여, 독립성, 업무 전문성과 재무 전문성을 포함한다. 또한 경영진의 또 다른 큰 축을 담당하는 사외이사의 특성과 관련되어, 사외이사의 비율과 업무 전문성과 재무 전문성을 분석하였다. 공기업의 경영효율성은 Demerjian et al.(2012)의 연구에서 소개한 변수들을 사용하여 DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis)의 방법으로 측정하였다. 경영효율성 측정치의 이용은 지배구조가 기업 및 산업의 재무 구조, 다양한 거시경제의 변수와 같이 경영진의 능력과는 직접적으로 관련이 없는 요소들의 영향이 반영된 Tobin Q 또는 ROA와 같은 재무적 결과치를 사용한 선행연구와는 차별점을 지닌다. 2008년부터 2014년 동안의 95개 기업-년 공시자료를 이용하여 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 감사의 특성만을 고려한 경우, 감사의 업무 전문성과 경영효율성 간에는 음(-)의 상관관계를 보였다. 이는 업무 전문성이 뛰어난 감사의 경우, 감사의 가장 핵심 업무 중 하나인 통제활동 및 규칙/절차중심의 업무수행 등 철저한 집행을 너무 강조하다 보면 오히려 공기업 효율적 경영에 장애가 될 수도 있음을 제안한다. 공기업 사외이사의 특성과 관련하여, 사외이사 비율은 경영효율성과 음(-)의 상관관계로, 사외이사의 재무 전문성은 경영효율성과 양(+)의 상관관계로 나타났다. 이는 이사회 내의 사외이사의 수가 많을지라도, 경영효율성을 제고하는데 긍정적인 역할을 하지 못할 수 있으며, 오히려 비효율적 경영을 야기할 수 있음을 제안한다. 또한, 사외이사의 재무 전문성이 높은 경우, 즉 사외이사가 회계 관련 자격증을 지닌 자, 회계분야의 교수 등의 인사가 사외이사로 선임되었을 경우, 해당 공기업의 경영효율성에 정의 상관관계를 보이는데, 이는 재무 전문가인 사외이사들이 기업의 재무상황에 대한 이해를 바탕으로 합리적인 경영의사결정을 위해 재무정보를 유용하게 활용할 수 있는 능력을 가지고 있고, 효과적인 내부통제를 위한 적절한 역할을 수행하여 경영효율성을 증진시킬 수 있기 때문으로 해석된다. 한편,CEO의 경우, 독립성과 업무 전문성이 유의하지 않게 나타났다. 이는 CEO가 표면적으로 독립적이지만, 공기업의 특성상 완전한 정치적, 사회적 독립성을 확보하기 어려울 가능성이 있음을 제시하며, CEO의 전문성을 측정하기 위해 사용한 대측치는 자료의 한계로 인해 측정오차가 존재할 수 있어 해석에 주의를 요한다. 본 연구의 공헌점은 공기업의 지배구조와 최종결과인 재무적 성과의 상관관계를 중심으로 분석한 선행연구와는 다르게, 지배구조가 일차적이고 직접적으로 영향을 미치게 되는 공기업의 효율성에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다는 것이다. 또한, 추가분석을 통하여 기업 고유의 특성을 제거한 후 순수한 경영자 능력에 대한 경영효율성을 측정하였다는 것에 그 의의가 있다. 본 연구의 한계점으로는 지배구조 특성을 파악하는데 해당 정보의 불충분성 등으로 인한 오류를 배제할 수 없다. 또한, 공기업의 효율성을 산출하기 위한 DEA의 측정 오류가 존재할 수 있으며, 추가분석에서 사용한 잔차가 CEO의 능력외의 특성을 반영할 수 있다는 한계점이 있다.

저가항공사의 운영효율성과 판매효율성 분석

이평수(Pyoungsoo Lee),서용원(Yong-Won Seo) 한국생산관리학회 2017 한국생산관리학회지 Vol.28 No.2

본 연구는 저가항공사의 효율성을 분석하는 모형을 제시하고, 2012년~2014년의 국내 5개 저가항공사 자료를 이용하여 그 결과를 분석하는 데에 목적을 둔다. 항공사 효율성 분석의 도구로 주로 사용되었던 Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)의 한계점을 보완하기 위하여 그 확장 모형인 two-stage DEA 모형을 설계하고, 이 구조에 따라 효율성을 운영 효율성과 판매효율성으로 나누어 분석함으로써 비효율의 원인을 구체화 할 수 있는 평가 모형을 제시한다. 일반적으로 저 가항공사들이 운영효율성에 초점을 두는 전략을 취하고 있다는 점을 고려하여 운영효율성의 도출을 판매효율성을 도출에 선행하는 계산방식을 사용하였다. 또한, 기존의 two-stage DEA 방법론에서 다루는 중간지표에 대한 가정을 저가항공사 분석에 맞게 수정․보완하여, 현실적으로 적용 가능한 모형을 제시하였다. 추가적으로, 분석모형의 이해를 돕기 위해 선 행연구로부터 도출한 결과와의 비교를 제시하였다. In this study, we suggest an efficiency evaluation model for low-cost carriers (LCC). Considering data of five LCCs in Korea for the period 2012-2014, the proposed model is utilized and examined. A two-stage model was proposed to complement the limitations of existing studies, based on data envelopment analysis (DEA), which is the most popular methodology for deriving efficiency in the airline industry. The proposed model structure can be analyzed to identify the causes of inefficiency by dividing total efficiency into operational and sales efficiency. The sequential calculation scheme is employed by calculating operational efficiency first, and then deriving sales efficiency accordingly, while restricting operational efficiency. This property reflects LCCs’ strategy, which generally focuses on operational efficiency. To ensure that the methodology is realistic, assumptions on the intermediates in the two-stage DEA model were relaxed. In addition, comparison with the results obtained from a previous study is presented to aid understanding of the proposed model.

Flexible double-cage hoist for high operational efficiency in tall building construction

Kim, Taehoon,Lee, Ung-Kyun,Kim, Seung Woo,Lim, Hyunsu,Kim, Chang-Won,Cho, Hunhee,Kang, Kyung-In Elsevier 2018 AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION - Vol.96 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>High operational efficiency in the use of hoists is crucial for the successful completion of high-rise building projects. Simply increasing the number of hoists may not be possible because of insufficient space or budget limits. However, adopting the “double-deck” concept can be an effective approach to improving the operational efficiency of hoists in projects with such constraints. This study proposes a flexible double-cage hoist for use in such projects. In a case study, we found that combining the proposed hoist with existing single-cage hoists enabled a smaller number of hoists to achieve significantly higher efficiency at lower cost than a group of single-cage hoists. The optimal combination showed a 16.6% decrease in total operational costs and a 7.9% increase in operational efficiency. Using the proposed hoist could therefore enable the successful completion of high-rise building projects at lower cost.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The flexible double-cage hoist is proposed for high-rise building projects. </LI> <LI> The flexible double-cage hoist copes flexibly with various traffic types by using a detachable adapter. </LI> <LI> The proposed hoists decreased costs by 16.6%.and increased operational efficiency by 7.9%. </LI> <LI> This study can contribute to the successful completion of a high-rise building project by enabling reduced cost inputs and higher operational efficiency. </LI> </UL> </P>

공립미술관 운영효율성 분석

주희엽(Joo, Hi-Yeob),김승모(Kim, Seung-Mo) 한국문화산업학회 2012 문화산업연구 Vol.12 No.2

The purpose of this study is to analyze the operational efficiency of public art museum. Cultural industry has been evaluated as a competitive service industry in the future by the high pace of market size growth. The role of public art museum based in the local cultural industries are so important because of its various support functions as fundraising, exhibition support systems, new market formations, etc. Therefore operational efficiency, some kinds of measurement item, must be considered to secure the competitiveness of public art museums as performance management tool. To analyze the operational efficiency of public art museum, using DEA, tool for measurement of public sector. During the analysis, personal and facilities score were used, but financial score was excluded because of free admission policy and differences in budgeting. Based on this analysis, the deciding factor of the public art museum is location of the museum and because of the artists. Efficient public art gallery where the most outstanding scenic or tourist attractions were located. In addition, a small museum in the center of any particular artist was watching a lot of visitors. Seoul Museum of Art was benchmarked against any organization, This suggests the following, The administrative-oriented planning and operating a large-scale exhibition is attracting. Also Metropolitan Museum of large class sizes, depending on the size of the consideration is found to be inefficient. The theoretical implication is that Quantitative method is applied to an public art gallery. By removing the weight of research, the study was an objective approach. In future research on various aspects of public agencies, DEA has also confirmed that there can be applied. The practical implication is that there was no significant difference in the distinction between curators and administrative. The role of curators original research should be carried out faithfully. Through this work will be higher operating efficiency. The purpose of this study is to analyze the operational efficiency of public art museum. Cultural industry has been evaluated as a competitive service industry in the future by the high pace of market size growth. The role of public art museum based in the local cultural industries are so important because of its various support functions as fundraising, exhibition support systems, new market formations, etc. Therefore operational efficiency, some kinds of measurement item, must be considered to secure the competitiveness of public art museums as performance management tool. To analyze the operational efficiency of public art museum, using DEA, tool for measurement of public sector. During the analysis, personal and facilities score were used, but financial score was excluded because of free admission policy and differences in budgeting. Based on this analysis, the deciding factor of the public art museum is location of the museum and because of the artists. Efficient public art gallery where the most outstanding scenic or tourist attractions were located. In addition, a small museum in the center of any particular artist was watching a lot of visitors. Seoul Museum of Art was benchmarked against any organization, This suggests the following, The administrative-oriented planning and operating a large-scale exhibition is attracting. Also Metropolitan Museum of large class sizes, depending on the size of the consideration is found to be inefficient. The theoretical implication is that Quantitative method is applied to an public art gallery. By removing the weight of research, the study was an objective approach. In future research on various aspects of public agencies, DEA has also confirmed that there can be applied. The practical implication is that there was no significant difference in the distinction between curators and administrative. The role of curators original research should be carried out faithfully. Through this work will be higher operating efficiency.

자료포락분석을 이용한 전기차 충전소 운영효율성 평가

손동훈(Dong-Hoon Son),강영수(Yeong-Su Gang),김화중(Hwa-Joong Kim) 한국산업경영시스템학회 2020 한국산업경영시스템학회지 Vol.43 No.3

Evaluating the operational efficiency of electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) is important to understand charging network evolution and the charging behavior of electric vehicle users. However, aggregation of efficiency performance metrics poses a significant challenge to practitioners and researchers. In general, the operational efficiency of EVCSs can be measured as a complicated function of various factors with multiple criteria. Such a complex aspect of managing EVCSs becomes one of the challenging issues to measure their operational efficiency. Considering the difficulty in the efficiency measurement, this paper suggests a way to measure the operational efficiency of EVCSs based on data envelopment analysis (DEA). The DEA model is formulated as constant returns of output-oriented model with five types of inputs, four of them are the numbers of floating population and nearby charging stations, distance of nearby charging stations and traffic volume as desirable inputs and the other is the traffic speed in congestion as undesirable one. Meanwhile, the output is given by the charging frequency of EVCSs in a day. Using real-world data obtained from reliable sources, we suggest operational efficiencies of EVCSs in Seoul and discuss implications on the development of electric vehicle charging network. The result of efficiency measurement shows that most of EVCSs in Seoul are inefficient, while some districts (Nowon-gu, Dongdaemun-gu, Dongjak-gu, Songpa-gu, Guro-gu) have relatively more efficient EVCSs than the others.