Comparison of morphological characteristics of the river puffer, Takifugu obscurus, the tiger puffer, T. rubripes, their hybrids, and their triploid hybrids

Park, In-Seok,Oh, Ji Su Korean Society of Environmental Biology 2021 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.39 No.1

Various biometric and geometric measures were used to discriminate between the morphologically similar river puffer, Takifugu obscurus, tiger puffer, T. rubripes, their hybrids, and their triploid hybrids. The hybrids and triploid hybrids had greater anal fin width, nostril width, and snout length than the parental species (p<0.05). However, they had less caudal peduncle depth, inter-orbital width, head length, and head width(p<0.05). The morphometric and meristic characteristics of the hybrids and triploid hybrids were either intermediate between the parental species or more similar to those of one parental species. However, the external morphology of the hybrids and triploid hybrids was predominantly maternal. The triploid hybrids had asymmetry in the fin rays and gill raker numbers. This study identified phenotypic characteristics by distinguishing the morphological variables of river puffer, tiger puffer, their hybrids, and their triploid hybrids.

도입 사일리지용 옥수수의 생육특성 및 생산성 비교

신정남,고기환 啓明專門大學 産業開發硏究所 2002 啓明硏究論叢 Vol.20 No.1

본 시험은 도입 사일리지용 옥수수 품종의 생육특성과 수량을 평가하기 위하여 조·중 생종 10품종, 중·만생종 8품종, 만생종 7품종 총 25개 품종을 공시하였다. 실험설계는 품종을 처리로 난괴법 3반복으로 파종은 경북 성주 계명문화대학 실험포장에서 2001년 4월 13일에 실시하였으며 수확은 조·중생종과 중·만생종은 8월 13일에 만생종은 8월 14일에 실시하였다. 1. 공시된 조·중생 옥수수 품종중 녹체성은 NC+3709, 중·만생종중에서 수원19호와 N73-Q3, 만생종중에서는 EXP874가 낮았다. 내병성은 광안옥과 EXP874가 대체로 낮았다. 2. 내도복성에 있어서는 공시품종간에 큰차이는 없었으나 만생종의 광안옥이 다른 품종에 비하여 내도복성이 다소 약했다. 3. 또한 옥수수 재배시 큰 문제가 되는 혹조위축병 이병률은 품종간에 차이가 있었으며, 만생종에서는 평균 5%를 넘지 않았다. 조·중생종과 중·만생종의 이병률은 평균 18.9%와 13.1%였다. 공시품종중 NC+3709가 이병율이 가장 높았으며. 만생종은 다른품종에 비해 낮았다. 4. 암이삭 비률은 조·중생종중 33R87과 33B50이 다른 품종보다 높았고 중·만생종 중 32K61, 만생종중 광안옥 및 DK687이 낮았다. 5. 건물수량은 조·중생증중에서 NC+3709가 가장 낮았고. EXP961이 가장 높았다. 중·만생종중에서는 수원19호가 건물수량이 가장 낮았고. 32K61이 가장 높았다. 만생종중에서는 N79-P4가 가장 낮았고 31G20이 가장 높았다. This experiment was performed to evaluate agronomic characteristics and dry matter yields of the early-medium maturing 10 corn, the medium-late maturing 8 corn, and the late maturing 7 corn hybrids. Seeds were planted on April 13, 2001 at the Livestock Experiment Farm of Keimyung College, Seongju, Kyeongbuk Province. Corn for silage were harvested on August 13 in the early-medium and the medium-late maturing and on August 14 in the late maturing corn hybrids. 1. Among the corn hybrids tested, 'NC+3709', 'N73-Q3', and 'EXP874' were poor stay green and 'Kwanganok(K.O).)' and 'EXP874' were poor to disease resistance. 2. Generally, all hybrids have less lodging, but 'K.O.' was poor. 3. Infection rate of rice black streaked dwarf virus(RBSDV) varied by hybrids but late maturing hybrids not exceed 5%. Infection rate of early-medium maturing hybrids and medium-late maturing hybrids were 18.9 and 13.1%, respectively. Among the corn hybrids tested, 'NC+3709' was the highest RBSDV infection rate, and that of late maturing hybrids was lower than other hybrids. 4. Percent ear in total dry matter yield in the early-medium hybrids '33R87' and '33B50' was higher than other hybrids, but that of '32K61' in the medium-late hybrids, 'K.O.', and 'DK687' in the late hybrids was lower among the corn hybrids. 5. Among the early-medium maturing corn hybrids tested, 'NC+3709' was the lowest DM yield, but 'EXP961' was the highest DM yield. Among the medium-late maturing corn hybrids tested, 'S-19' was the lowest DM yield, but '32K61' was the highest DM yield. Among the late-maturing corn hybrids tested 'N79-P4' was the lowest DM yield, but '31G20' was the highest DM yield

Evaluation of young F1 Lilium hybrids using fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis and morphological attributes

Ramzan Fahad,Hwang Yoon-Jung,Choi Yu Hyeon,Ramzan Yasir,Islam MD Mazharul,Deepo Deen Mohammad,김창길,임기병 한국원예학회 2022 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.63 No.5

Lilium, an important ornamental crop, requires genetic and phenotypic assessment in the development of new hybrids. Therefore, genetic (using FISH) and morphological studies were conducted on newly developed hybrids belonging to Lilium genomes (Asiatic, Oriental, longiflorum). Morphological results revealed that all F1 hybrids showed significant differences from one another. Triploid Asiatic hybrids (Brunello × Mapira) showed good phenotypic characteristics and longiflorum hybrids (Bright Tower × Snow Queen) expressed good growth characters. The Brunello × Mapira hybrid was especially superior in root length, number of scales, bulb diameter and bulb weight. Chromosomal studies con- firmed that all hybrids were diploid (2x = 24) with 24 chromosomes except the “AA-2” Asiatic hybrid which was triploid (2x = 3x = 36). In our karyotyping results, there was non-significant variation with respect to short arm length and arm length ratio among hybrids, while long arm length and total chromosome length showed significant differences. In the case of 45S signals, the maximum number of 45S rDNAs were found in “Bright Tower × Snow Queen” while the minimum number of 45S signals (2) were found in “Yellow cocotte × Valdisole”. 5S signals were similar in all hybrids except trip- loid Asiatic hybrids. Thus, newly developed young hybrids can be successfully screened using morphological and FISH analysis. FISH karyotyping identified a triploid Asiatic hybrid which was also superior in phenotypic characteristics.

체세포 염색체 배가법을 이용한 백합 OA 종간 잡종의 불임극복과 후대획득

정미영,정재동,지선옥,임기병,Chung, Mi-Young,Chung, Jae-Dong,Jee, Sun-Ok,Tuyl J. M. Van,Lim, Ki-Byung 한국식물생명공학회 2004 식물생명공학회지 Vol.31 No.2

본 연구는 나리의 종간잡종 육성체계를 확립하기 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 Oriental과 Asiatic 잡종 (OA-hybrid) 의 후대 획득에 필요한 실험을 수행하여 얻은 결과이다. 체세포 배수화를 통한 이질 4배체 OA-hybrid 3계통으로 화분발아 실험을 수행한 결과, 0-80% 범위로 계통간 차이가 현저하였다. 이질 4배체 OA-hybrid를 자방친 또는 화분친으로 사용하고 Asiatic 또는 Oriental hybrid와 교배시 후대 획득수에 차이가 있었는데 4배체 OA-hybrid를 화분친으로 이용하였을 때, 그리고 상대친을 Asiatic hybrid로 교배하였을 때 후대획득이 현저히 용이하였다. 그러나, 이질 4배체 F$_1$ OA-hybrid를 자방친으로 사용하거나 Oriental hybrid와 교배하면 후대 획득률이 현저히 저하되거나 또는 전혀 후대생산이 이루어지지 않았다. 이질 4배체 F$_1$ OA-hybrid와 교배시 상대친의 ploidy level은 4배체 보다는 2배체가 유리하였다. This study was carried out to develop the efficient methods for the subsequent progeny of intersectional hybrid between Oriental and Asiatic lily hybrids. The pollen fertility and germination ability of 3 different allotetraploids (OAOA) after somatic chromosome doubling was ranged from 0 to 80 percent on artificial pollen germination medium. The number of BC$_1$ progeny using allotetraploid of F$_1$ OA-hybrid as male and female parent was different. The efficiency of BC$_1$ progeny production was increased when F$_1$OA-hybrids was used as male rather than as female parent. And in back crosses of F$_1$ OA-hybrids with the Asiatic and Oriental hybrids, Asiatic hybrids showed higher efficiency on BC$_1$ progeny production. The ploidy level between 2x or 4x Asiatic hybrid and allotetraploid F$_1$ OA-hybrid was determined and showed higher progeny production in 2x-4x crosses rather than 4x-4x.

Melanization plasticity of Drosophila kikkawai, Drosophila leontia and reciprocal hybrids under different temperatures

Singh Divya,Ramniwas Seema,Tyagi Pankaj Kumar,Kumar Girish,Gola Deepak 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.1

Drosophila (Sophophora) kikkawai, Burla, 1954 and Drosophila (Sophophora) leontia, Tsacas & David 1978 are closely related sibling species, the former being cosmopolitan and the latter is restricted to tropical localities. We investigated the influence of introgressive hybridization on phenotypic diversity of the two sibling species in the present study. How hybridization supports the relative abundance of pure species according to latitudinal cline is the aim of this study because hybrids show a tendency to acquire geographical location of their parent species in equal or greater abundance. How hybridization supports the plasticity for melanization of hybrids is not explored yet. The two species can cross and generate hybrids. For this, we crossed true breeding strains of both species to obtain the hybrids i.e. dark female (♀) of D. kikkawai (D. k) with males (♂) of D. leontia (D. l) in cross I and light ♀ of D. k with ♂ of D. l in cross II along with their reciprocal crosses. Finally, we studied the plasticity of both species and their hybrids at 6 growth temperatures (14, 17, 21, 25, 28 and 31 ◦ C). We found that there is no plasticity for melanization in true breeding darker and lighter strain of D. kikkawai as well as D. leontia whereas hybrids of both species showed high phenotypic plasticity. Significant differences in slope values across tem peratures in parental and hybrid lines suggest plastic effects. Phenotypic variation in abdominal melanization in hybrids can be interpreted as a result of gene introgression with D. kikkawai. We conclude that introgressive hybridization might be an important, although underestimated, mechanism shaping species distribution and adaptation.

이중 in situ hybridization기법을 이용한 흰쥐 뇌의 Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, Vasopressin 및 Oxytocin mRNA의 발현에 관한 연구

박경한,홍석,유영복,이왕재,황덕호,이병란,차중익,조사선,백상호 대한해부학회 1998 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.31 No.6

Botanical Characteristics, Fresh Yield and Table Qualities of CNU Waxy Corn Hybrids

Wong-Hyeun Na,Moon-Sub Lee,Ji-hyung Ha,Jae-Hyeon Yang,Hee-Bong Lee 한국작물학회 2015 Korean journal of crop science Vol.60 No.1

A total of CNU 28 hybrids were developed at the CNU Corn Breeding Lab. were evaluated to identify new cultivars in botanical characteristics, fresh yield per 10a and taste qualities. Most of these hybrids were stable in environmental stresses such as lodging, disease and insects. Stem height ranged from 115.0 to 239.3 cm, and ear height ranged from 30.7 to 107.0 cm. The ear height to stem height ratio was showed low than 50% of standard as a stable plant type to lodging. The range of ear length was 14.2 cm to 23.0 cm. Especially, CNU 13H-73 was very longest ear as a 23 cm. The fresh yield per 10a was high in purple of CNU13H-79 hybrid than control hybrid Miheuckchal, and CNU13H-73 in white hybrid was similar Yeonnong check hybrid. The 100-kernel weights in CNU13H-3 and CNU13H-9 hybrids were higher than that of the control hybrid. CNU13H-98 among hybrids had a 100-kernel weight of 20.32 g, which was heavier than that of the control hybrid Daehackchal Gold 1. The average pericarp thickness was 41.4 μm, CNU13H-46 among hybrids had a very thin pericarp as a 35.5 μm. The mean sugar content of the used hybrids was 14.95 brix%; CNU13H-73 and CNU13H-55 had higher than Mibak2 as a control hybrid.

Metabolic profiling and antioxidant properties of hybrid soybeans with different seed coat colors, obtained by crossing β-carotene-enhanced (Glycine max) and wild (Glycine soja) soybeans

정정원,Oh Sung-Dug,Park Soo-Yun,Jang Ye-Jin,Lee Seong-Kon,Yun Doh-Won,장안철,박상언,하선화,Kim Jae Kwang 한국식물생명공학회 2022 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.16 No.4

We obtained new hybrid soybeans (Hybrid) with different seed coat colors such as green (Hybrid-GR), brown (Hybrid- BR), yellow (Hybrid-YE), and black (Hybrid-BL), by hybridizing β-carotene-enhanced soybeans (BCE; Glycine max L.) containing the phytoene synthase-2A-carotene desaturase gene and wild soybeans (Wild; Glycine soja). This study aimed to analyze metabolic changes between Hybrids using comprehensive metabolite profiling of BCE, Wild, and four Hybrids. The composition and content of metabolites varied based on the type of soybeans. Multivariate and metabolic pathway analyses showed distinct differences among the six soybeans. Hybrid-GR showed accumulation of isoflavones and tocophe- rols, whereas Hybrid-BL had higher contents of anthocyanins and carotenoids than other Hybrids. The projection to latent structure analysis showed that the most important contributors in enhanced free radical scavenging activity were phenolic compounds such as anthocyanins and flavonoids and isoprenoids such as carotenoids, tocopherols, and phytosterols, assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2´-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assays, respectively. Based on these results, Hybrid-GR and Hybrid-BL comprising significant quantities of functional compounds such as isoflavones, carotenoids, and anthocyanins are proposed as new breeding candidates.

Botanical Characteristics, Fresh Yield and Table Qualities of CNU Waxy Corn Hybrids

나웅현,이문섭,하지형,양재현(Jae-Hyeon Yang),이희봉 한국작물학회 2015 한국작물학회지 Vol.60 No.1

A total of CNU 28 hybrids were developed at the CNU Corn Breeding Lab. were evaluated to identify new cultivars in botanical characteristics, fresh yield per 10a and taste qualities. Most of these hybrids were stable in environmental stresses such as lodging, disease and insects. Stem height ranged from 115.0 to 239.3 cm, and ear height ranged from 30.7 to 107.0 cm. The ear height to stem height ratio was showed low than 50% of standard as a stable plant type to lodging. The range of ear length was 14.2 cm to 23.0 cm. Especially, CNU 13H-73 was very longest ear as a 23 cm. The fresh yield per 10a was high in purple of CNU13H-79 hybrid than control hybrid Miheuckchal, and CNU13H-73 in white hybrid was similar Yeonnong check hybrid. The 100-kernel weights in CNU13H-3 and CNU13H-9 hybrids were higher than that of the control hybrid. CNU13H-98 among hybrids had a 100-kernel weight of 20.32 g, which was heavier than that of the control hybrid Daehackchal Gold 1. The average pericarp thickness was 41.4 μm, CNU13H-46 among hybrids had a very thin pericarp as a 35.5 μm. The mean sugar content of the used hybrids was 14.95 brix%; CNU13H-73 and CNU13H-55 had higher than Mibak2 as a control hybrid.

1950년대 혼혈인에 대한 인식과 해외 입양

김아람 ( Kim A Ram ) 역사문제연구소 2009 역사문제연구 Vol.13 No.2

In the 1950s, in South Korea the paternal lineage was evidently crucial in the conceptualization of both the nation and the national population. We can see that from the country`s and the society`s perception of the hybrid(mixed blood) population. The number of offsprings from a foreigner male-Korean female couple increased during the U.S. Military government period and the Korean war. And after the war, as many of the females found themselves in a forced position to make a living, some of them started to resort to prostitution. As a result, `base-towns` were formed around U.S. army bases stationed in Korea, after the war. Prostitutes gathered around in such base-towns, and after the stationing of U.S. troops the American males and Korean females started having prolonged relationships, which led to a rapid increase in births of the hybrids. The perception of the country, the society and the base-town residents viewing the situation, presented itself as a perception hiding or excluding hybrids with different paternal bloodlines from the community. The Korean Law of nationality was based upon the principle of generally recognizing the paternal bloodline of an individual, so it was difficult for the hybrids to be recognized and acknowledged by others as a legitimate countrymen. The social atmosphere considered the task of maintaining a father-based family order and of maintaining females` chastity to be highly important, so giving birth to a hybrid was considered as a wrongdoing and fault of the female. And even with no bases, the mother of a hybrid was immediately believed to be a prostitute. The residents of the base-towns were economically linked with U.S. military camps, but there were also clashes between the villagers and the troops, and the residents also not that much welcomed the fact that entertainment businesses were thriving in their living areas and a lot of outsiders were flowing into their realm. The government`s legal dismissal, society`s criticism of the prostitutes, and the viewpoint of the base-town residents, all continued to haunt the hybrids. The Rhee Syngman regime wanted to isolate the hybrids from the society, yet failed to do so. Instead the government strongly recommended that such hybrids be sent oversea. In the post-war period, so many `countrymen` needed help from the government, so the government could not afford to care for the `non-countrymen hybrids`-especially the orphans-as well. The adoption process for the hybrid children was actively undertaken by the Christian civilian agencies, and most of them were adopted into American families. Yet the foreign families and the hybrids from Korea never met with each other directly, and the agency intermediated the whole process is called proxy-adoption`. A large number of children were adopted over the sea through the proxy-adoption, yet insufficient data or preparation led to many failures as well. And the Korean government did not engage in either law-making efforts or institutional efforts regarding the issue of foreign adoption. The government only wished more hybrid children to be shipped off the Korean peninsula, through intermediary agencies.