Long Term Outcomes of Early Cochlear Implantation in Korea

서명환,김봉직,장선오,김종선,오승하,Eung Kyung Cho 대한이비인후과학회 2009 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.2 No.3

Objectives. The objective of this study was to compare the long-term auditory performance and language skill depending on the age of cochlear implantation in the Korean population. We especially tried to separate the effect of maturation/ development from that of the age at implantation. Methods. Eighty-six pre-lingual children with profound hearing loss who underwent a cochlear implantation before the age of six and had been followed for more than 3 yr were included in this study prospectively. Categories of Auditory Performance (CAP) and Korean Picture Vocabulary Test (K-PVT) were serially followed up. In order to separate the age at implantation effect, K-PVT results were readjusted to the child’s chronological age in the normal hearing population. Results. When the CAP and K-PVT scores were directly compared without chronological readjustment, we failed to show a significant difference for improvements according to the age at implantation. Early cochlear implantation was associated with better language development, only when the K-PVT scores were readjusted to percentile scores of their chronological age. Conclusion. Early cochlear implantation was associated with better language development even within the critical period. This advantage may be recognized only when the effect of the age at implantation is separated from the effect of maturation/development. Objectives. The objective of this study was to compare the long-term auditory performance and language skill depending on the age of cochlear implantation in the Korean population. We especially tried to separate the effect of maturation/ development from that of the age at implantation. Methods. Eighty-six pre-lingual children with profound hearing loss who underwent a cochlear implantation before the age of six and had been followed for more than 3 yr were included in this study prospectively. Categories of Auditory Performance (CAP) and Korean Picture Vocabulary Test (K-PVT) were serially followed up. In order to separate the age at implantation effect, K-PVT results were readjusted to the child’s chronological age in the normal hearing population. Results. When the CAP and K-PVT scores were directly compared without chronological readjustment, we failed to show a significant difference for improvements according to the age at implantation. Early cochlear implantation was associated with better language development, only when the K-PVT scores were readjusted to percentile scores of their chronological age. Conclusion. Early cochlear implantation was associated with better language development even within the critical period. This advantage may be recognized only when the effect of the age at implantation is separated from the effect of maturation/development.

선천성 난청 소아들의 인공와우 이식 후 언어 발달: 장기 추적 관찰 결과

류진현,정다정,조현호,이재호,이상흔,이규엽 대한이비인후과학회 2016 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.59 No.7

Background and Objectives It is well established that cochlear implantation provides significant benefits for prelingually profound deaf children. However, there are few studies that examined the long-term outcome of cochlear implantation beyond 10 years in prelingually deaf children. The purpose of this study was to examine the long-term benefit of cochlear implantation for children with more than 10 years of experience of using cochlear implantation, regarding auditory performance and academic status. We then determined the age effect of cochlear implantation on auditory performance for prelingually deaf children. Subjects and Method The longitudinal development of auditory performance of 119 deaf children was analyzed after cochlear implantation. Among the 119 children, 58 were included for analysis. Results The children who received cochlear implanst at younger age showed significantly better auditory performance. Age at which implantation had been performed had a significant effect on the development of auditory performance before 4 years of age. Many children continued to demonstrate improvements of auditory performance upto five years of implant use. Some showed development of auditory performance upto 10 years cochlear implantation. Conclusion The present result indicates that speech perception and performance for children continue to improve over time from 5 upto 10 years while using cochlear implant. The use of earlier cochlear implantation was demonstrated to provide better auditory performance. The age at which implantation was performed was one of the important factors influencing the long-term outcome of cochlear implantation. Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg 2016;59(7):502-9

착상시기의 흰쥐 자궁에서 발현되는 SPARC 유전자의 기능

염미영,강성구 인제대학교 2004 仁濟論叢 Vol.19 No.1

포유류의 배아는 수란관을 지나 자궁에서 착상한다. 성공적인 착상을 위해서 자궁내막은 착상 준비가 잘되어 있어야 하고 배아는 자궁내막을 침투할 수 있어야 한다. 착상은 일정 시기에만 가능하며 이를 착상가능시기(implantation window)라고 한다. 흰 쥐의 경우 임신 4일경에 태아가 자궁에 이르며 5일경에 착상이 일어난다. 이 시기에 자궁내막 조직은 난소의 스테로이드 호르몬들에 의해 구조적, 기능적인 변화가 일어나며 배아 착상을 위한 특정 유전자들이 발현이 유도된다. 그러나 배아 발생 과정 및 착상 과정에서의 기전은 아직 명확하게 밝혀져 있지 않다. 따라서 본 연구는 흰쥐 자궁 내막의 주기적인 변화 중에서 착상가능시기에 관련된 유전자를 탐색하고자 cDNA microarray를 사용하였고 발현된 유전자를 증가군과 감소군으로 나누었다. 그 중 SPARC 유전자를 RT-PCR 방법으로 발현정도를 분석하였다. 실험 결과 SPARC 유전자의 발현이 발정 주기에 비해 착상기간동안 증가함을 알 수 있었다. SPARC 유전자의 northern hybridization 결과 착상기간동안 발현이 증가함을 확인하였다. 본 연구결과 착상기간동안 특이적으로 발현되는 유전자들을 확인하였으며 이 유전자들은 배아 착상의 필수적인 gene marker로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. 그리고 착상시기의 gene marker에 대한 연구는 착상 실패로 인한 여성 불임의 진단과 치료에 필수적인 연구가 될 것이다. In the mammalia, the fertilized embryo reaches the uterus through an oviduct and then implantation occurs. Implantation is a complex developmental process that involves an intimate "cross-talk" between the embryo and uterus. But the "implantation window" of uterine receptivity is defined as the limited time when the uterine environment is conducive to blastocyst implantation. In the rat, the fertilized embryo reaches the uterus on day 4 of pregnancy and implantation occurs in the afternoon of day 5. Successful execution of the events of implantation involves development and cyclic growth of the endometrium and participation of steroid hormones, locally derived growth factors, cytokines, transcription factors and lipid mediators. The molecular mechanisms that renders the uterus receptive to blastocyst implantation is not fully understood. In this study we compared gene expressions between uterine tissues of pregnancy day 4 and metestrus stage female rats using the cDNA expression array technique, in order to assess whether there are changes in gene expression of the uterus with implantation. The results were validated by RT-PCR, northern hybridization analysis of genes whose relative expression were found to increase during implantation. The expression level of SPARC were increased in the uterus at pregnancy day 4 compared with the level in the uterus at mesestrus phase. Using this approach, we found several genes whose expression in rat uterus was altered with implantation and they can be applied to gene marker of implantation. And selected gene markers in the rat uterus during implantation will help diagnosis and cure of sterile woman caused failure of implantation.

치과위생사의 임플란트 시술에 대한 지식과 태도

김현정,최미혜 중앙대학교 의과대학 간호학과 간호과학연구소 2003 중앙간호논문집 Vol.7 No.2

The subjects of this study are two hundred and twenty eight dental hygienists employed in general·university hospitals, dental hospitals and dental offices in the area of Seoul, Kyung-gi Province and In-cheon. Two different kinds of survey were formulated to conduct this study. A slightly modified survey with twenty five questions based on Cho Min-Jung(2001)'s original tool was used to evaluate knowledge level of dental hygienists on dental implantation. The second survey was used to evaluate and assemble type of manners and behaviors of dental-hygienists during dental implantation. This survey were consisted of thirty two questions in which 14 questions asked for general characteristics and other 18 questions asked for manners and behaviors during dental implantation. This survey were first formulated by collecting old data and researches and was revised by the dental specialist. The collected survey results were evaluated using SPSS statistics package. Error, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, and Correlation were conducted using SPSS statistics package. The results of this study are as follows. 1. The knowledge of dental hygienists on dental implantation was average of 3.05 with 5 being the highest point. The average error was =0.64 points 2. The average score of evaluated attitudes during dental implantation was 3.76 points with 5 being the highest score. The average error was ±0.36 points. 3. From analyzing the knowledge on implantation of dental hygienists from their general characteristics, dental hygienists employed in general·university hospitals scored relatively higher than the ones in personal dental hospitals and dental offices. Dental hygienists with more than 11 years of experience scored the highest Dental hygienists with average salary of more than 2 million and three hundred thousand won per month scored the highest Dental hygienists employed in institutes conducting dental implantation scored relatively higher than others. Dental hygienists who participated in education course on implantation scored higher than the one who didn't. Among those participated in education course, hygienists who participated in more than 5 times of education course scored the highest. And dental hygienists who felt positive in the need of education scored relatively higher than the ones who didn't 4. Dental hygienists employed in institutes conducting implantation, those who felt positive in the need of education and those who felt the need of increased time of education general1y showed positive type of attitudes on dental implantation. 5. Analyzing the knowledge and attitudes pattern. It is shown that these two are interrelated Based on the above results, it is shown that the general knowledge of dental hygienists on dental implantation is relatively low but general consensus for the need of education is high. This is likely to be attributable to the fact dental hygienists feel the need for having knowledge of dental implantation while they experience lack of knowledge on actual dental implantation procedures. Therefore, education courses on dental implantation and on actual procedures for dental hygienists seem to be greatly required to have them appropriate for conducting the dental implantation.

백내장 수술에서 후낭 파열로 인한 섬모체고랑 삽입 후 일체형 인공수정체 도수 결정 및 전방 변화

양종윤,마경탁,김지현 대한안과학회 2012 대한안과학회지 Vol.53 No.6

Purpose: To evaluate the appropriate correction of predicted intraocular lens (IOL) power when sulcus implantation due to posterior capsular rupture was performed and to compare the anterior chamber angle of sulcus-implanted eyes with in-the-bag implanted eyes using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (Visante OCT). Methods: Fifty-two eyes of 52 patients who had IOL implantation in the sulcus due to posterior capsular rupture during cataract surgery were retrospectively reviewed. A 0.5 lower diopter IOL than predicted IOL power using SRK-T formula was chosen. The difference between the predicted refractive error and the spherical equivalence at the 3-month time-point after sulcus implantation were evaluated. Among 52 patients, 16 patients whose fellow eye had an in-the-bag IOL implantation underwent Visante OCT and the anterior angle of affected eyes and normal fellow eyes were compared. Results: The difference between the predicted refractive error using SRK-T formula and the spherical equivalence after sulcus implantation was a myopic shift of 0.597 ± 0.879 diopter. The mean iridocorneal angles, angle opening distance (AOD), trabecular iris surface area (TISA) at 500 um and 750 um for both nasal and temporal sides in sulcus implantation were all significantly lower than in-the-bag implantation. Conclusions: A choice of a 0.5 lower diopter power IOL than the power for in-the-bag implantation may be considered because of greater myopic shift than predicted refractive error when sulcus implantation due to posterior rupture is performed. Anterior chamber angle in sulcus IOL implantation was shallower than in-the-bag IOL implantation. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2012;53(6):775-780

$ITI^{(R)}$ implant system에 있어서 $Bio-Oss^{(R)}$와 $Bio-Gide^{(R)}$를 이용한 발치 후 즉시 임플란트의 유용성

박관수,윤규호,정정권,신재명,홍성철,전인성,Park, Kwan-Soo,Yoon, Kyu-Ho,Cheong, Jeong-Kwon,Shin, Jae-Myung,Hong, Sung-Chul,Jeon, In-Seong 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2006 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.28 No.1

In the recent studies, many authors have reported that the success rate of immediate implantation has no difference compared to conventional staged implantation. Although the immediate implantation has many advantages over conventional approach, many clinicians don't seem to practice because they think that most of the extraction sockets will have some bony gab with defects around implant and that this situation makes the result of immediate implantation unpredictable. We clinically analyzed 23 implanted sites of 18 patients treated with immediate implantation in our hospital from September 2003 to January 2004. The $ITI^{(R)}$. dental implant system was used and GBR procedure with $Bio-Oss^{(R)}$. and $Bio-Gide^{(R)}$. was done simultaneously. The pre & post-op. measurements were recorded such as alveolar crest-adjacent tooth CEJ distance, gingival crest-adjacent tooth CEJ distance, existence of periapical lesion, vertical defect around the extraction socket, horizontal defect around the extraction socket, probing depth, radiologic change of alveolar crest height. We report a positive outcome about immediate implantation with review of literatures.

Health-Related Quality of Life in Children With Cochlear Implants From Parents’ Perspective

Rochd Sara,Benhoummad Othmane,Lakhdar Youssef,Salhi Salma,Lhadj Mohamed Amine Ait,Rochdi Youssef,Raji Abdelaziz 대한청각학회 2023 Journal of Audiology & Otology Vol.27 No.3

Background and Objectives: To evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in parents of children with cochlear implants and assess influencing factors. These data can enable practitioners to support patients and their families in utilizing the cochlear implant and its benefits to the fullest extent.Subjects and Methods: A retrospective descriptive and analytic study was conducted at the Implantation center Mohammed VI. Parents of cochlear implant patients were asked to fill out forms and answer a questionnaire. Participants included parents of children <15 years old who underwent unilateral cochlear implantation between January 2009 and December 2019, presenting with bilateral severe to profound neurosensory deafness. Participants completed the children with cochlear implantation: parent’s perspective (CCIPP) HRQoL questionnaire.Results: The mean age of the children was 6.49±2.55 years. The mean time between implantation for each patient and this study was calculated as 4.33±2.05 years. There was a positive correlation between this variable and the following subscales: communication, well-being and happiness, and the process of implantation. For these subscales, the score was higher as the delay was greater. Parents of children who received speech therapy before implantation were more satisfied on the following subscales: communication, general functioning, well-being and happiness, implantation process, implantation effectiveness, and support for the child.Conclusions: The HRQoL is better in families of children who received their implant at an early age. This finding raises awareness of the importance of systemic screening in newborns.

Mg ion implantation on SLA-treated titanium surface and its effects on the behavior of mesenchymal stem cell

Kim, B.S.,Kim, J.S.,Park, Y.M.,Choi, B.Y.,Lee, J. Elsevier 2013 Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for Vol.33 No.3

Magnesium (Mg) is one of the most important ions associated with bone osseointegration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cellular effects of Mg implantation in titanium (Ti) surfaces treated with sand blast using large grit and acid etching (SLA). Mg ions were implanted into the surface via vacuum arc source ion implantation. The surface morphology, chemical properties, and the amount of Mg ion release were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS), and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were used to evaluate cellular parameters such as proliferation, cytotoxicity, and adhesion morphology by MTS assay, live/dead assay, and SEM. Furthermore, osteoblast differentiation was determined on the basis of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the degree of calcium accumulation. In the Mg ion-implanted disk, 2.3x10<SUP>16</SUP>ions/cm<SUP>2</SUP> was retained. However, after Mg ion implantation, the surface morphology did not change. Implanted Mg ions were rapidly released during the first 7days in vitro. The MTS assay, live/dead assay, and SEM demonstrated increased cell attachment and growth on the Mg ion-implanted surface. In particular, Mg ion implantation increased the initial cell adhesion, and in an osteoblast differentiation assay, ALP activity and calcium accumulation. These findings suggest that Mg ion implantation using the plasma source ion implantation (PSII) technique may be useful for SLA-treated Ti dental implants to improve their osseointegration capacity.

음경보형물의 합병증

박종관 대한남성과학회 2009 The World Journal of Men's Health Vol.27 No.1

Penile prosthesis implantation is the best effective method to treat the patient with erectile dysfunction, although this is the most invasive surgery. There are two kinds of the penile prosthesis, which has been used, inflatable and non-inflatable. The implantation of non-inflatable penile prosthesis is easy, less expensive, and has less complication compared with inflatable penile prosthesis implantation. At past, infection and mechanical failure were frequently occurred, however, complication rates included infection and mechanical failures decreased due to mechanical development of penile prosthesis and operative technique at present. Although the rate of complication is low, complications mostly need invasive revision surgery and has higher infection rate than first time implantation. The rate of successful implantation of a semi-rigid rod penile prosthesis and use for coitus is 72% to 92%. 10 year survival rate in the implantation of inflatable penile prosthesis is 68.5% to 74.9%. The three-piece inflatable penile prosthesis implantation has the highest patient satisfaction rates (consistently over 90%). The survival rate should be decreased as time goes by. The more common and important complications are infection, mechanical failure, which include tube broken, corporal crossover of cylinder, corporal and urethral perforation, supersonic transporter (SST) or glans bowing deformity, deep vein thrombosis, migration of reservoir into the abnormal space, reservoir erosion into adjacent viscera, urethral stricture, and penile necrosis. Complications of these penile prosthesis continue to decline, however patient satisfaction rates, tolerability, and longevity continue to increase. We have to concentrate the selection of the patient and penile prosthesis, improvement of surgical technique to provide the highest quality of life for the erectile dysfunction patient, who required surgery.

Biocompatibility Improvement of Polytetrafluoroethylene by Ion Implantation

Ho-Je Kwon,Jae-Hak Choi,Chan-Hee Jung,Dong-Ki Kim,Hae-Kyoung Kim,Young-Chang Nho,Youn-Mook Lim 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.52 No.3

A simple ion implantation process was successfully used for cell patterning. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was implanted by 150 keV Ne$^+$ ions with an ion fluence varying from 1 × 10¹⁴ to 1 × 10 17 ions/cm². The physiochemical characteristics of the implanted PTFE, such as surface morphology, surface chemical composition and wettability, were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), and water contact angle measurement. The biocompatibility of selectively implanted PTFE was studied via an in-vitro attachment of HaCaT cells. The surface morphology of the implanted surface became rougher with increasing fluence. XPS results showed that hydrophilic groups were formed on the implanted surface after implantation. With increasing fluence, the water contact angle was found to decrease. HaCaT cells were found to preferentially adhere to and proliferate on the implanted regions of PTFE. A simple ion implantation process was successfully used for cell patterning. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was implanted by 150 keV Ne$^+$ ions with an ion fluence varying from 1 × 10¹⁴ to 1 × 10 17 ions/cm². The physiochemical characteristics of the implanted PTFE, such as surface morphology, surface chemical composition and wettability, were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), and water contact angle measurement. The biocompatibility of selectively implanted PTFE was studied via an in-vitro attachment of HaCaT cells. The surface morphology of the implanted surface became rougher with increasing fluence. XPS results showed that hydrophilic groups were formed on the implanted surface after implantation. With increasing fluence, the water contact angle was found to decrease. HaCaT cells were found to preferentially adhere to and proliferate on the implanted regions of PTFE.