Anomalous magnetization jumps in granular Pb superconducting films

Zhang An-Lei,Jiang Wan-Yan,Chen Xing-Hong,Zhang Xiao-Ke,Lu Wen-Lai,Chen Fei,Feng Zhen-Jie,Cao Shi-Xun,Zhang Jin-Cang,Ge Jun-Yi 한국물리학회 2022 Current Applied Physics Vol.35 No.-

In granular superconductors, the grain boundaries are closely related to the vortex dynamics and the macroscopic superconducting properties. In our research, Pb films with different grain sizes were prepared by tuning the substrate temperature. With the grain size decreasing, Pb films are prone to feature the anomalous magnetization jumps in the M − T curves, while in the M − H curves flux avalanche happens. Both phenomena appear in the same region of the H − T phase diagram and thus are considered to have the same origin. The further theoretical analysis shows that with grain size decreasing the pinning mechanism evolves from a mixed δTc and δl pinning to the δl pinning mechanism. The results shed light on the study of pinning mechanism for granular superconductors and is beneficial to the potential application of manipulating vortex pinning by regulation of intrinsic defects.

Effect of Motivation Type and Reward Uncertainty on Consumers' Marketing Promotion Participation

Zhang, Yan-Jie,Lee, Youseok,Kim, Sang-Hoon Korean Marketing Association 2017 ASIA MARKETING JOURNAL Vol.19 No.3

The current research proposes to fill a research gap by testing how reward uncertainty, different types of motivation, as well as individual risk-taking attitude affect consumers' promotion participation. Being offered with an uncertain reward, relative to individuals with extrinsic motivation, individuals with intrinsic motivation will have greater intention to participate in marketing promotion. In contrast, being offered with a certain reward, relative to individuals with intrinsic motivation, individuals with extrinsic motivation will have greater intention to participate in marketing promotion. This effect arises only among consumers having a low level of risk-taking attitude. For consumers having a high level of risk-taking attitude, their participation intention shows no significant difference between the two motivation type groups, under both certain and uncertain reward conditions. With an understanding of how consumer's response heterogeneously to promotions involving rewards, marketers can better understand not only how to use this promotional tactic more effectively, but also how to better allocate their budget for promotions.

쾌락과 실용적 혜택으로부터 추출된 중국 여성 소비자의 격정적 브랜드소비에 대한소비감정적 영향의 효과에 관한 연구

( Yan Jie Zhang ),( Moon Hong Kim ) 한국유통경영학회(구 한국유통정보학회) 2013 유통정보학회지 Vol.16 No.2

본 연구는 중국여성소비자들의 소비행동을 이해하고자 브랜드격정적 소비(BPC)에 대해 연구한다. 연구는 쾌락과 실용적 혜택이 긍정적 혹은 부정적 소비 감성으로 연결된다는 것과, 그리고 중국여성 소비자들의 브랜드격정적 소비를 발생시키는 것을 파악하였다. 선행연구를 보완하기 위해, 본 연구는 중국여성소비자들이 선호하는 브랜드에 대한 브랜드격정적 소비의 모든 과정을 포함하여 검토하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 연구는 실증적 연구를 통하여 약간의 공헌을 하고 있다. 학술적으로, 본 연구는 BPC프로세스를 설명하기 위한 확고한 이론적 틀과 함께 여성소비지들의 BPC연구를 제공한다. 둘째, 본 연구에서는 각 영역에 속한 변수의 효과에 대해 비교한다. 셋째, 본 연구는 이전의 연구에 비해서 기업의 경영자들에게 중국여성소비자들에 대한 좀 더 완전한 정보를 제공한다. 넷째, 본 연구의 결과는 브랜드격정적 소비가 충동적 구매와 다르다는 것을 알 수 있게 해준다. 마지막으로, 본 연구의 결과는 마케터와 디자아너들에게 의미 있는 함축적 의미를 제공해준다. 이러한 연구결과는 BPC을 형성하기 위한 소비감성의 중요성을 나타내고 있다. This article researched brand passionate consumption (BPC) for under standing Chinese female consumer`s behavior, the study revealed that hedonic/utilitarian benefits lead 10 positive or negative consumption emotions, and then generate brand passionate consumption on Chinese female consumers. To address the voids of previous research, this research aims to examine Chinese female consumers BPC process toward a consumer beloved apparel brand, incorporating the antecedents and a consequence of the process. This research makes several contributions through empirical study. Academically, the study provides female consumers BPC research with a stronger theoretical framework to explain the BPC process. Second, this study compares effect of dimensions of variable to each other. Third, finding of this Study provides firm managers with more definitive information on Chinese female consumers than previous studies have. Fourth, finding of this study provides BPC difference with impulsive purchase. Finally, the findings of this study provide meaningful implications for marketers and designers. This finding indicates the importance of consumption emotions for forming BPC.

A Study on the Effects of Consumption Emotions Impact on Brand Passionate Consumption of Chinese Female Consumers Derive from Hedonic and Utilitarian Benefits

Zhang, Yan-Jie,김문홍 한국유통경영학회 2013 유통경영학회지 Vol.16 No.2

This article researched brand passionate consumption (BPC) for under standing Chinese female consumer’s behavior, the study revealed that hedonic/utilitarian benefits lead to positive or negative consumption emotions, and then generate brand passionate consumption on Chinese female consumers. To address the voids of previous research, this research aims to examine Chinese female consumers BPC process toward a consumer beloved apparel brand, incorporating the antecedents and a consequence of the process. This research makes several contributions through empirical study. Academically, the study provides female consumers BPC research with a stronger theoretical framework to explain the BPC process. Second, this study compares effect of dimensions of variable to each other. Third, finding of this study provides firm managers with more definitive information on Chinese female consumers than previous studies have. Fourth, finding of this study provides BPC difference with impulsive purchase. Finally, the findings of this study provide meaningful implications for marketers and designers. This finding indicates the importance of consumption emotions for forming BPC.

Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Psychological Effects of Primary Nocturnal Enuresis in Chinese Young Adults

Hui Jie Hu,Zhen Wei Zhang,Yu Liang,Yan Yan Luo,Qi Feng Dou,Cui Ping Song,Hui Min Zhang,Ying Zhao,Guang Run Tian,Ke Zhang,Qiu Fang Mao,Jing Gui Song,Soren Rittig,Jian Guo Wen 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2021 International Neurourology Journal Vol.25 No.1

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and effects of primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) on physical and mental health in young adults in mainland China. Methods: An anonymous questionnaire was used to collect information including the sociodemographic characteristics, history of PNE, family history, daytime voiding symptoms, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores, Self-Esteem Scale (SES), and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). A total of 22,500 university students from 23 provinces and 368 cities in mainland China were included. Results: In total, 21,082 questionnaires were collected, and 20,345 of them qualified for statistical analysis. The PNE prevalence was 1.17%, and the distribution of monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) and nonmonosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (NMNE) was 66.1% and 33.9%, respectively. In total, 28% of respondents with PNE reported bedwetting daily, 31.6% between 1 and 7 times weekly, and 40.4% between 1 and 4 times monthly; 80% of PNE cases had no history of treatment. The prevalence of PNE in patients with a family history, frequency, urgency, urinary incontinence, and recurrent urinary tract infections was significantly higher than in those without these conditions (P<0.001). PNE was significantly correlated with the PSQI total score (sleep quality) (P=0.011). The SES score was lower and the SDS was higher (P<0.001) in the PNE group than in those without PNE. Conclusions: In mainland China, the PNE prevalence among young adults was found to be high, and PNE had significant effects on physical and mental health. Risk factors included a family history, daytime voiding symptoms, and lack of treatment.

Influence of Temperature on the Bacterial Community in Substrate and Extracellular Enzyme Activity of Auricularia cornea

( Xiaoping Zhang ),( Bo Zhang ),( Renyun Miao ),( Jie Zhou ),( Lei Ye ),( Dinghong Jia ),( Weihong Peng ),( Lijuan Yan ),( Xiaoping Zhang ),( Wei Tan ),( Xiaolin Li ) 한국균학회 2018 Mycobiology Vol.46 No.3

Temperature is an important environmental factor that can greatly influence the cultivation of Auricularia cornea. In this study, lignin peroxidase, laccase, manganese peroxidase, and cellulose in A. cornea fruiting bodies were tested under five different temperatures (20℃, 25℃, 30℃, 35℃, and 40℃) in three different culture periods (10 days, 20 days and 30 days). In addition, the V4 region of bacterial 16S rRNA genes in the substrate of A. cornea cultivated for 30 days at different temperatures were sequenced using next-generation sequencing technology to explore the structure and diversity of bacterial communities in the substrate. Temperature and culture days had a significant effect on the activities of the four enzymes, and changes in activity were not synchronized with changes in temperature and culture days. Overall, we obtained 487,694 sequences from 15 samples and assigned them to 16 bacterial phyla. Bacterial community composition and structure in the substrate changed when the temperature was above 35℃. The relative abundances of some bacteria were significantly affected by temperature. A total of 35 genera at five temperatures in the substrate were correlated, and 41 functional pathways were predicted in the study. Bacterial genes associated with the membrane transport pathway had the highest average abundance (16.16%), and this increased at 35℃ and 40℃. Generally, different temperatures had impacts on the physiological activity of A. cornea and the bacterial community in the substrate; therefore, the data presented herein should facilitate cultivation of A. cornea.

Numerical optimization of transmission bremsstrahlung target for intense pulsed electron beam

Xiao Yu,Jie Shen,Shijian Zhang,Jie Zhang,Nan Zhang,Ivan Sergeevich Egorov,Sha Yan,Chang Tan,Gennady Efimovich Remnev,Xiaoyun Le 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.2

The optimization of a transmission type bremsstrahlung conversion target was carried out with MonteCarlo code FLUKA for intense pulsed electron beams with electron energy of several hundred keV formaximum photon fluence. The photon emission intensity from electrons with energy ranging from300 keV to 1 MeV on tungsten, tantalum and molybdenum targets was calculated with varied targetthicknesses. The research revealed that higher target material element number and electron energy leadsto increased photon fluence. For a certain target material, the target thickness with maximum photonemission fluence exhibits a linear relationship with the electron energy. With certain electron energy andtarget material, the thickness of the target plays a dominant role in increasing the transmission photonintensity, with small target thickness the photon flux is largely restricted by low energy loss of electronsfor photon generation while thick targets may impose extra absorption for the generated photons. Thespatial distribution of bremsstrahlung photon density was analyzed and the optimal target thicknessesfor maximum bremsstrahlung photon fluence were derived versus electron energy on three targetmaterials for a quick determination of optimal target design

A Rapidly New-typed Detection of Norovirus Based on F0F1-ATPase Molecular Motor Biosensor

Zhuo Zhao,Jie Zhang,Mei-Ling Xu,Zhi-Peng Liu,Hua Wang,Ming Liu,Yan-Yan Yu,Li Sun,Hui Zhang,Hai-Yan Wu 한국생물공학회 2016 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.21 No.1

In order to adapt port rapid detection of food borne norovirus, presently we developed a new typed detection method based on F0F1-ATPase molecular motor biosensor. A specific probe was encompassed the conservative region of norovirus and F0F1-ATPase within chromatophore was constructed as a molecular motor biosensor through the “ε-subunit antibody-streptomycinbiotin- probe” system. Norovirus was captured based on probe-RNA specific binding. Our results demonstrated that the Limit of Quantification (LOQ) is 0.005 ng/mL for NV RNA and also demonstrated that this method possesses specificity and none cross-reaction for food borne virus. What’s more, the experiment used this method could be accomplished in 1 h. We detected 10 samples by using this method and the results were consistent with RT-PCR results. Overall, based on F0F1-ATPase molecular motors biosensor system we firstly established a new typed detection method for norovirus detection and demonstrated that this method is sensitive and specific and can be used in the rapid detection for food borne virus.

A national survey on how to improve traditional Chinese medicine learning internationally: Perceptions from both teachers and students

Zhu Yu-Hang,Yan Wu,Hao Zhang,Yanfei Zhao,Yule Ren,Wei Hu,Pan Li,Huiyi Wang,Ying Wang,Boda Zhang,Yujie Wang,Hongwen Yuan,Jiping Zhang,Wenqiang Li,Yufang Zhao,Jie Zhao,Yedong Shi,Yanye Shu,Xiao Zhang,Ya 한국한의학연구원 2022 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.11 No.4

Background With the increasing popularity of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) by the global community, how to teach basic knowledge of TCM to international students and improve the teaching quality are important issues for teachers of TCM. The present study was to analyze the perceptions from both students and teachers on how to improve TCM learning internationally. Methods A cross-sectional national survey was conducted at 23 universities/colleges across China. A structured, self-reported on-line questionnaire was administered to 34 Chinese teachers who taught TCM course in English and to 1016 international undergraduates who were enrolled in the TCM course in China between 2017 and 2021. Results Thirty-three (97.1%) teachers and 900 (88.6%) undergraduates agreed Chinese culture should be fully integrated into TCM courses. All teachers and 944 (92.9%) undergraduates thought that TCM had important significance in the clinical practice. All teachers and 995 (97.9%) undergraduates agreed that modern research of TCM is valuable. Thirty-three (97.1%) teachers and 959 (94.4%) undergraduates thought comparing traditional medicine in different countries with TCM can help the students better understand TCM. Thirty-two (94.1%) teachers and 962 (94.7%) undergraduates agreed on the use of practical teaching method with case reports. From the perceptions of the undergraduates, the top three beneficial learning styles were practice (34.3%), teacher's lectures (32.5%), case studies (10.4%). The first choice of learning mode was attending to face-to-face teaching (82.3%). The top three interesting contents were acupuncture (75.5%), Chinese herbal medicine (63.8%), and massage (55.0%). Conclusion To improve TCM learning among international undergraduates majoring in conventional medicine, integration of Chinese culture into TCM course, comparison of traditional medicine in different countries with TCM, application of the teaching method with case reports, and emphasization of clinical practice as well as modern research on TCM should be fully considered.

Systemic Inflammatory Biomarkers, Especially Fibrinogen to Albumin Ratio, Predict Prognosis in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer

Lin Fang,Fei-Hu Yan,Chao Liu,Jing Chen,Dan Wang,Chun-Hui Zhang,Chang-Jie Lou,Jie Lian,Yang Yao,Bo-Jun Wang,Rui-Yang Li,Shu-Ling Han,Yi-Bing Bai,Jia-Ni Yang,Zhi-Wei Li,Yan-Qiao Zhang 대한암학회 2021 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.53 No.1

Purpose Systemic inflammatory response is a critical factor that promotes the initiation and metastasis of malignancies including pancreatic cancer (PC). This study was designed to determine and compare the prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) in resectable PC and locally advanced or metastatic PC. Materials and Methods Three hundred fifty-three patients with resectable PC and 807 patients with locally advan-ced or metastatic PC were recruited in this study. These patients were classified into a training set (n=758) and a validation set (n=402). Kaplan-Meier survival plots and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze prognosis. Results Overall survival (OS) was significantly better for patients with resectable PC with low preoperative PLR (p=0.048) and MLR (p=0.027). Low FAR, MLR, NLR (p < 0.001), and PLR (p=0.003) were significantly associated with decreased risk of death for locally advanced or metastatic PC patients. FAR (hazard ratio [HR], 1.522; 95% confidential interval [CI], 1.261 to 1.837; p < 0.001) and MLR (HR, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.017 to 1.532; p=0.034) were independent prognostic factors for locally advanced or metastatic PC. Conclusion The prognostic roles of FAR, MLR, NLR, and PLR in resectable PC and locally advanced or metastatic PC were different. FAR showed the most prognostic power in locally advanced or metastatic PC. Low FAR was positively correlated with OS in locally advanced or metastatic PC, which could be used to predict the prognosis.