Influence of Intravenous Contrast Medium on Dose Calculation Using CT in Treatment Planning for Oesophageal Cancer

Li, Hong-Sheng,Chen, Jin-Hu,Zhang, Wei,Shang, Dong-Ping,Li, Bao-Sheng,Sun, Tao,Lin, Xiu-Tong,Yin, Yong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.3

Objective: To evaluate the effect of intravenous contrast on dose calculation in radiation treatment planning for oesophageal cancer. Methods: A total of 22 intravein-contrasted patients with oesophageal cancer were included. The Hounsfield unit (HU) value of the enhanced blood stream in thoracic great vessels and heart was overridden with 45 HU to simulate the non-contrast CT image, and 145 HU, 245 HU, 345 HU, and 445 HU to model the different contrast-enhanced scenarios. 1000 HU and -1000 HU were used to evaluate two non-physiologic extreme scenarios. Variation in dose distribution of the different scenarios was calculated to quantify the effect of contrast enhancement. Results: In the contrast-enhanced scenarios, the mean variation in dose for planning target volume (PTV) was less than 1.0%, and those for the total lung and spinal cord were less than 0.5%. When the HU value of the blood stream exceeded 245 the average variation exceeded 1.0% for the heart V40. In the non-physiologic extreme scenarios, the dose variation of PTV was less than 1.0%, while the dose calculations of the organs at risk were greater than 2.0%. Conclusions: The use of contrast agent does not significantly influence dose calculation of PTV, lung and spinal cord. However, it does have influence on dose accuracy for heart.

The NAD(P)H: Quinine Oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) Gene 609 C>T Polymorphism is Associated with Gastric Cancer Risk: Evidence from a Case-control Study and a Meta-analysis

Hu, Wei-Guo,Hu, Jia-Jia,Cai, Wei,Zheng, Min-Hua,Zang, Lu,Wang, Zheng-Ting,Zhu, Zheng-Gang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.5

The association between the NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) gene C609T polymorphism (rs1800566) and gastric cancer has been widely evaluated, but a definitive answer is so far lacking. We first conducted a case-control study to assess this association in a large Han Chinese population, and then performed a meta-analysis to further address this issue. Although our case-control association study indicated no significant difference in the genotype and allele distributions of C609T polymorphism between gastric cancer patients and controls, in the meta analysis involving 4,000 subjects, comparison of alleles 609T and 609C indicated a significantly increased risk (46%) for gastric cancer (95% confidence interval (95%CI) for odds ratio (OR)=1.20-1.79) in individuals with the T allele. The tendency was similar to the homozygote (OR=1.81, 95%CI: 1.16-2.84), dominant models (OR=1.41, 95%CI: 1.12-1.79), as well as recessive model (OR=1.58, 95%CI: 1.06-2.35). Stratified analysis by study design demonstrated stronger associations in population-based than in hospital-based studies. And ethnicity-based analysis demonstrated a significant association in Asians. We conclude that the NQO1 gene C609T polymorphism increases the risk for gastric cancer, especially in Asian populations.

앱 아이콘의 시각적 수사기법 응용 분석 - 중국 쇼트 비디오/라이브 앱을 중심으로 -

호위위 ( Hu Wei Wei ),박용진 ( Park Yong Jin ) 한국기초조형학회 2021 기초조형학연구 Vol.22 No.6

현재 인터넷 기술이 빠르게 발전하는 환경에서 각종 쇼트 비디오/라이브 앱이 대량으로 등장하면서 갈수록 앱 아이콘 디자인의 동질화가 심화되고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 쇼트 비디오/라이브 앱 아이콘의 디자인 요소와 시각적 수사기법에 대한 분석을 통해 앱 아이콘의 시각적 수사기법의 응용과 현재 앱 아이콘의 디자인 규칙을 고찰하며, 이를 통해 아이콘 디자인에 대한 다양한 사고를 제공하기 위한 것이다. 연구 방법은 앱 아이콘의 디자인 요소를 분석하고, 또한 쇼트 비디오/라이브 앱 아이콘에서 나타나는 시각적 수사기법에 대해 시각 디자인 전공자 5명의 설문 조사를 진행하여 이에 비유법 중 은유, 직유, 환유, 의인이 주로 표현된 시각적 수사기법을 도출한다. 디자인 요소와 시각적 수사기법의 두 가지 측면을 결합하여 앱 아이콘의 시각적 수사기법 응용과 시각 표현을 분석하였다. 연구 범위는 2020년 상반기 해외 앱스토어와 구글플레이 다운로드 순위 TOP20의 중국 쇼트 비디오/라이브 앱을 조사 대상으로 하였다. 연구 결과 쇼트 비디오/라이브 앱 아이콘은 특성에 따라 디자인 형식이 다르게 나타났다. 디자인 요소 중에서 쇼트 라이브 앱은 기하학 도형과 기능 도형에서 추출한 요소를 많이 사용하고, 라이브 앱은 동물 캐릭터 요소와 기능 도형에서 추출한 요소를 주로 사용하였다. 또한 시각적 수사기법의 관점에서 볼 때 쇼트 비디오 앱은 은유와 직유를 많이 사용하고, 라이브 앱은 의인화와 직유를 주로 사용하였다. 쇼트 비디오/라이브 앱 아이콘에서 발견된 공통점은 기능 도형에서 추출한 요소에 직유를 적용한 시각적 수사기법을 사용하고, 현재 범용성이 강한 아이콘이 주요 디자인 형식을 사용했다는 것이다. 차이점은 쇼트 비디오 앱은 주로 기하학 도형을 은유적으로 사용하여 아이콘을 디자인하고, 라이브 앱은 동물 캐릭터 아이콘을 의인화하여 해당 앱의 활력과 분위기를 전달한다는 것이다. As the internet technology is developing rapidly, various short videos/livestreaming APPs have appeared. Therefore, the homogenization of APP icon design is increasingly severe. The research purpose is to explore how to apply visual rhetorical devices of APP icons and visual presentation of the APP icon design, with the method of analyzing the design elements and visual rhetorical devices of short videos/livestreaming APP icons. It aims to provide multi-perspective thinking manners for icon design. The research method is to analyze the design elements of the APP icons and distribute questionnaires to five visual designers about the rhetorical device performance in short videos/livestreaming APP icons. It summarizes the main visual rhetorical devices (metaphor, simile, metonymy and personification) and combines two aspects (design element and visual rhetorical device) to analyze the application of visual rhetorical devices and visual performances of APP icons. The research scope is the top 20 short videos/livestreaming APP icons in the downloads of the foreign App Store and Google Play in China in the first half of 2020. Research results show that different APPs have different characteristics and the design forms are also different; among the design elements of short videos/livestreaming APP icons, most short video APPs extract geometric graphs and functional patterns. Most livestreaming APPs extract animal cartoons and functional patterns. In terms of visual rhetorical devices, most short video APPs use metaphors and similes; most livestreaming APPs use simile and personification. The similarity is that the extraction of functional patterns adopts the visual rhetorical device of simile; the general icon is the main design form of icons. The difference is that the short videos mainly metaphorically use geometric graphs, thus endowing the icon with a stronger sense of design. Livestreaming mainly uses the personified animal cartoon icons to show the vitality and atmosphere of the livestreaming APPs.

Biotransformation of Panax ginseng extract by rat intestinal microflora

Wei-Wei Dong,Jinhua Zhao,Fei-Liang Zhong,Wen-Jing Zhu,Jun Jiang,Songquan Wu,Deok-Chun Yang,Donghao Li,Lin-Hu Quan 고려인삼학회 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.4

Background: In general, after Panax ginseng is administered orally, intestinal microbes play a crucial role in its degradation and metabolization process. Studies on the metabolism of P. ginseng by microflora are important for obtaining a better understanding of their biological effects. Methods: In vitro biotransformation of P. ginseng extract by rat intestinal microflora was investigated at 37C for 24 h, and the simultaneous determination of the metabolites and metabolic profile of P. ginseng saponins by rat intestinal microflora was achieved using LCeMS/MS. Results: A total of seven ginsenosides were detected in the P. ginseng extract, including ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rf, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, and Rd. In the transformed P. ginseng samples, considerable amounts of deglycosylated metabolite compound K and Rh1 were detected. In addition, minimal amounts of deglycosylated metabolites (ginsenosides Rg2, F1, F2, Rg3, and protopanaxatriol-type ginsenosides) and untransformed ginsenosides Re, Rg1, and Rd were detected at 24 h. The results indicated that the primary metabolites are compound K and Rh1, and the protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides were more easily metabolized than protopanaxatriol-type ginsenosides. Conclusion: This is the first report of the identification and quantification of the metabolism and metabolic profile of P. ginseng extract in rat intestinal microflora using LCeMS/MS. The current study provided new insights for studying the metabolism and active metabolites of P. ginseng.

Stability Analysis and Control of Nonlinear Behavior in V² Switching Buck Converter

Wei Hu,Fangying Zhang,Xiaoli Long,Xinbing Chen,Wenting Deng 전력전자학회 2014 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.14 No.6

Mismatch between switching frequency and circuit parameters often occurs in industrial applications, which would lead to instability phenomena. The bifurcation behavior of V² controlled buck converter is investigated as the pulse width modulation period is varied. Nonlinear behavior is analyzed based on the monodromy matrix of the system. We observed that the stable period-1 orbit was first transformed to the period-2 bifurcation, which subsequently changed to chaos. The mechanism of the series of period-2 bifurcations shows that the characteristic eigenvalue of the monodromy matrix passes through the unit circle along the negative real axis. Resonant parametric perturbation technique has been applied to prevent the onset of instability. Meanwhile, the extended stability region of the converter is obtained. Simulation and experimental prototypes are built, and the corresponding results verify the theoretical analysis.

Ginkgolide B Modulates BDNF Expression in Acute Ischemic Stroke

Wei, Hu,Sun, Tao,Tian, Yanghua,Wang, Kai The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2017 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.60 No.4

Objective : To investigate the neuroprotective effects of Ginkgolide B (GB) against ischemic stroke-induced injury in vivo and in vitro, and further explore the possible mechanisms concerned. Methods : Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) mice and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-treated N2a cells were used to explore the neuroprotective effects of GB. The expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was detected via Western blot and qRT-PCR. Results : GB treatment (4 mg/kg, i. p., bid) significantly reduced neurological deficits, water content, and cerebral infarct volume in tMCAO mice. GB also significantly increased Bcl-2/Bax ratio, reduced the expression of caspase-3, and protected against OGD/R-induced neuronal apoptosis. Meanwhile, GB caused the up-regulation of BDNF protein in vivo and in vitro. Conclusion : Our data suggest that GB might protect the brain against ischemic insult partly via modulating BDNF expression.

An Analyzing Method of Coupled Modes in Multi-Stage Planetary Gear System

Wei Sun,Jing Wei,Xin Ding,Xinglong Hu,Qingguo Wang 한국정밀공학회 2014 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

This paper analyzed the natural frequency and coupled mode characteristics in multi-stage planetary gear system. A dynamic modelof multi-stage planetary gears with general description is established based on the lumped mass method. Solving the associatedeigenvalue problem, the vibration modes of the system with identical, equally spaced planets are classified into rotational,translational and planet modes with unique properties. A criterion to distinguish the dominant vibration stage for the two coupledmode types, rotational mode and translational mode, are provided by comparing the eigensensitivity to the component parametersof different planetary stages. Taken the dominant vibration stage as an independent single-stage planetary gear system, the naturalfrequencies and vibration modes are observed to be similar to the multi-stage. It is shown that the coupling in the multi-stageplanetary gear system grows as the frequency reduces. In rotational modes and translational modes, the highest eigensensitivity tomesh stiffness and planet bearing stiffness of each stage are associated with different frequencies in the higher-frequency range, whilethe highest eigensensitivity to bearing stiffness of carriers, rings, and suns occurred in the lower-frequency range.

Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities of Aralia elata Seeds

( Wei Cheng Hu ),( Mee Jung Jung ),( Seong Il Heo ),( Myeong Hyeon Wang ) 한국응용생명화학회 2007 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.50 No.3

Aralia elata seeds were successively extracted with water, methanol, ethanol, acetone and chloroform. The crude extracts were investigated for antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. The antioxidant properties of various extracts were evaluated by antioxidant tests, such as DPPH free radical-scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical-scavenging assay, metal-chelating activity, lipid peroxidation inhibition activity and reducing power assay. The 70% methanol extract exhibited the highest activity in the in vitro models of DPPH free radical-scavenging activity, metal-chelating activity, and reducing power assay. Acetone extract showed good effects on lipid peroxidation inhibition and hydroxyl radical-scavenging assay at a low concentration. In addition, the α- glucosidase inhibition assay showed that 70% methanol extract had the highest activity. These results indicate the high possibility of using A. elata seeds for medical application due to their efficient antioxidant properties.

In vitro Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Methanolic Extract of Euphorbia humifusa

Wei Cheng Hu,Seong Il Heo,Myeong Hyeon Wang 한국응용생명화학회 2008 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.51 No.5

Environmental Microbiology/Microbial Diversity : Investigation of the Properties of Sand Tubules, a Biomineralization Product, and their Microbial Community

( Wei Lian Hu ),( Dehui Dai ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.2

Sand tubules, made up of sand grains cemented by microbe-induced calcium carbonate precipitation, have been found in China``s Ningxia Province. Sand tubules grow like a tree``s roots about 40-60 cm below the surface. The properties of sand tubules and their bacterial community were examined. X-Ray diffraction analysis revealed that the sand tubules were associated with crystalline calcite. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the crystalline solid had a lamellar structure and lacked the presence of cells, suggesting that no bacteria acted as nucleation sites, nor that the crystalline solid was formed by the aggregation of bacteria. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis showed 11 of the 12 detectable bands were uncultured bacteria by BLAST analysis in the GenBank database, and the rest were closely related to Paenibacillus sp. (100% identity). By cultivation techniques, the only strain isolated from the sand tubule was suggested to be related to Paenibacillus sp.; no archaea were found. Furthermore, Paenibacillus sp. was demonstrated to induce calcium carbonate precipitation in vitro.