변산반도 지역의 미생물 분포

최용,최영길,송인근,이재춘 漢陽大學校 環境科學硏究所 1993 環境科學論文集 Vol.14 No.-

변산반도지역의 식생에 따른 토양을 대상으로 토양의 환경요인과 토양 미생물의 군집 규모를 조사하였다. 일반세균은 0.510∼37.95×?? cells/g dried soil의 분포를 보였고 일반균류는 0.285∼30.950×?? cells/g dried soil의 개체군 크기의 차이를 보였다. 토양미생물의 군집규모는 일반세균, 일반균류의 순위로 나타났으며, 섬유소분해미생물에서도 유사한 경향을 나타내었다. 조사대상지역의 pH는 3.5∼8.7로 타지역에 비해 편차가 대부분 산성의 pH를 띠고 있었고 평균치는 6.3이었다. 함수량은 0.90∼14.77%의 범위를 나타냈으며 평균함수율은 7.26%로 타지역에 비해 낮았다. 초유기물량은 2.92∼43.45mg/g dried soil의 편차를 보이며 타지역에 비해 낮은 수준을 보이고 있으며 수용성 당류 및 S/O value 역시 각각 0.004∼0.132mg/g dried soil, 0.00016∼0.01225로 타지역에 비해 낮은 수준을 보였다. The author surveyed around the Byunsan Peninsular and examined both soil environment and microbial distribution. 1) The pH value of experimental area was ranged 3.5∼8.7 and average was 6.3 2) Moisture content was ranaged 0.64∼14.77%(Avg. 7.26%). 3) Total organic matter content per g dried soil was ranged 2.92∼37.45mg/g dried soil(Avg. 22.52mg/g dried soil). 4) The S/O value(amount of free soluble sugar/amount of total organic matter) in soil was ranged 0.00016∼0.01225(Avg. 0.00354). 5) The population size of general bacteria were ranged 0.510∼37.975×?? cells/g dried soil(Avg. 6.609×?? cells/g dried soil) and cellulolytic bacteria were ranged 0.175∼25.967×?? cells per g dried soil )(Avg. 3.218×??cells per g dried soil) 6) The population size of general fungi were ranged 0.285∼30.950×?? cells/g dried soil(Avg. 3.538×?? cells/g dried soil) and cellulolyltic fungi were ranged 0.090∼4.433×?? cells/g dried soil(Avg. 0.723×?? cells/g dried soil). Refering to the level of microbial population size and S/O value, this experimental area seems to be initial step in ecological succession.

200 GeV/핵자 유황이온과 핵건판핵의 충돌에 의해 생성된 헬륨 파쇄핵의 극한파쇄 연구

김동철,송진섭,윤천실,정성헌,박인곤,김종오,김철수,김태연,이승희,조재희,천병구,김재률,김준원,김태익,박명렬,장한일,임인택 慶尙大學校 기초과학연구소 1992 基礎科學硏究所報 Vol.8 No.-

고에너지 중이온 원자핵과 핵건판의 충돌에서, 200GeV/핵자 유황이온에 의해 생성된 파쇄 헬륨핵(Z=2)의 실험실계의 방출각 분포는 표적핵에 무관한 회귀공식. dN=exp[a+k exp(η-y_b)]d[exp(η-y_b)]로 잘 표현된다. 여기에서 의사신속도 η=-ln[tan(θ/2)]이고, y_b는 실험실계의 입사입자(^32S)의 신속도이다. 이 공식에 의한 적합에서 k=-0.057±0.008로 얻어진다. 즉, 핵건판과 고에너지 중이온의 충돌에서 파쇄 헬륨핵의 exp(η-y_b)의 분포는 "극한파쇄" 현상을 잘 설명하고 있다. The angular distribution of emission angle θ of helium (Z=2) produced in the collisions of incident particles of 200 GeV/nucleon ^32S in nuclear emulsion is well expressed by dN=exp[a+k exp(η-y_b)]d[exp(η-y_b)] where the pseudorapidity is η=-ln[tan(θ/2)], the laboratory system primary rapidity is y_b, and k=-0.057+0.008. The shape of this frequency of occurrence distributions in terms of exp(η-y_b) attests to the validity of the concept of "limiting fragmentation" for helium projectile fragments produced in the projectile fragmentation regions of heavy ion collisions in nuclear emulsion.

간호대학생의 에니어그램 성격유형에 따른스트레스 대처방식

김희주,박가영,박지영,송예빈,심지현,이수연,이지영,장주희,정영민 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2011 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.45

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between stress coping behaviors and Enneagram personality types. The subject of the study is 342 college students who are attending 4-year nursing colleges in Seoul, Korea, and 198 students among them are qualified for the study. Typified statistical tools SPSS, chi-square, and ANOVA are used as analyzing methods in the study. The research results are as follows: 1. In nursing students, freshman class is the highest population in the study with 63 students(31.82 %), and the highest percentage of population does not have a religion(89 students, 44.95 %). 120 students (60.61 %) answered that their interpersonal relationships are good, and 105 students(53.03 %) are satisfied with the nursing major. 2. In Enneagram personality type, 9 type is the highest(42.42 %). 3. Problem focused coping type is the highest in stress coping behaviors(28.12(±20.16) points). 4. Problem focused coping behavior and social support coping behavior show significance. 5. Social support coping behavior shows significance, and 3 type scored the highest(17.67(±2.66) points). Further studies are suggested based on above results: First, in order to achieve more accurate results, the research of Enneagram and stress coping behavior with representative for sample Korean nursing students is necessary. Second, Development and verification the effect of stress coping program based on Enneagram personality types among nursing students are necessary.

Characteristics of cefazolin inoculum effect-positive methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus infection in a multicentre bacteraemia cohort

Song, K. H.,Jung, S. I.,Lee, S.,Park, S.,Kiem, S. M.,Lee, S. H.,Kwak, Y. G.,Kim, Y. K.,Jang, H. C.,Kim, Y. S. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 European journal of clinical microbiology & infect Vol.36 No.2

<P>Cefazolin treatment failure has been observed in high-inoculum infections caused by methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) with a cefazolin inoculum effect (CIE). However, data on the characteristics and risk factors for the acquisition of CIE-positive MSSA infection are scarce. CIE positivity was measured as an MIC a 16 mu g/ml with a high inoculum (similar to 5 x 10(7) CFU/ml). The blaZ gene type was assessed through sequence analysis. The clinical characteristics and risk factors for the acquisition of CIE-positive MSSA infection were assessed. The association between the antimicrobial susceptibility profile and CIE positivity was evaluated. A total of 303 MSSA bacteraemia cases and their corresponding isolates were collected from ten hospitals: 61 (20.1 %) isolates showed a positive CIE; 254 (83.8 %) were positive for the blaZ gene. No significant association was found between CIE positivity and the site of infection. Metastatic cancer (aOR 2.86, 95 % CI, 1.10-7.48) and recent (a 1 month) close contact with a chronically ill patient (aOR 4.69, 95 % CI, 1.76-12.50) were identified as significant risk factors for CIE-positive MSSA infection through multivariate analyses. Resistances to clindamycin (OR 3.55, 95 % CI, 1.62-7.80) and erythromycin (OR 5.00, 95 % CI, 2.50-9.99) were associated with CIE positivity, presenting high specificity (92.9 %) and a negative predictive value (82.3 %). CIE-positive MSSA constituted approximately one-fifth of MSSA bacteraemia cases. Although CIE positivity was not clinically discernible, CIE positivity was associated with clindamycin or erythromycin susceptibility. Therefore, our findings suggest that cefazolin can be used in the treatment of high-inoculum MSSA infection if the isolates are susceptible to clindamycin or erythromycin.</P>

Lactobacillus helveticus CU 631 에 의한 Helicobacter pylon 의 Urease 및 공포 생성 독소 억제활성

송의한,원병렬,윤영호,강경희,장명웅 한국동물자원과학회 2001 한국축산학회지 Vol.43 No.6

표준균주 혹은 유제품으로부터 분리된 Lactobacillus spp.와 Bifidobacterium spp. 32균주를 사용하여 H. pylori 생장을 현저하게 억제하는 L. helveticus CU631을 선발하고, urease와 공포생성 독소의 활성을 억제하는 효과를 측정하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. L. helveticus CU631의 억제대의 직경이 10.0±1.5㎜ 나타내어 가장 강력한 생장 억제 능력을 보였으며 L. plantarum과 L. fermentum은 직경 4.0㎜ 내외의 억제대를 나타내어 비교적 약한 억제 활성을 보였으며 Bifidobacterium spp.에서 억제 활성을 보이지 않았다. L. helveticus CU631의 배양액과 배양 상층액 모두, H. pylori NCTC11637의 urese 억제 활성을 나타내었다. L. helveticus CU631를 H. pylori G88016를 같이 배양했을시 공포생성 독소의 역가가 50%로 감소하였으며 L. helvesticus CU631의 배양 상층액과 H. pylori G88016의 배양 상층액을 5:5와 6:4 비율로 혼합하였을 때 억제 활성이 나타났다. The inhibitory effects of 32 strains of lactobacilli against Helicobacter. pylori were determined and Lactobacillus. helveticus CU631 has been selected as the strain which possessed the strongest inhibitory effect against H. pylori NCTC11637 in inhibition zone test showing inhibition zone with the average diameter of 10±1.5㎜, whereas Lactobacillus. plantarum and L. fermentum made inhibition zone with the average diameter of 4.0㎜, H. pylori G88016 revealed the highest vacuolating toxin activity among the 8 strains of H. pylori, which showed positive reaction of vacuolating toxin gene in PCR amplification test. Both L. helveticus CU631 and cell free culture supernatant had a strong inhibitory activity on the urease activity of H. pylori NCTC11637. The inhibitory activity of L. helveticus CU631 on the vacuolating toxin activity of H. pylori manifested in the co-culture of two strains and in the 5:5 mixture of supernatant of the two strains.

박막자기헤드의 집적공정 기술개발에 관한 연구

이석윤,허명수,손동수,황병철,조동율,천희곤,오태희,송병무,송한식,이우형,이광철,김오규,권영규,구경완 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1995 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.6 No.1

The thin film growing processes and the photolithographic techniques involved in the manufacturing of thin film magnetic heads are discussed. The thin film heads are composed of the hundreds of electromagnetic transducers on a single wafer and are made of Al_(2)O_(3)-TiC substrate on which Al_(2)O_(3) film as a insulating, protective layer and gap material, Cu film as a multi-turn coil and permalloy film as a magnetic material are deposited and patterned. In this article we will introduce how the thin film heads is fabricated and differ from an integrated semiconductor device. An effort is devoted to develop the formation of PR frame using a lithography process and finally the thin film heads manufacturing technologies.

LINEAR OPERATORS THAT STRONGLY PRESERVES THE SIGN-CENTRAL MATRICES

Lee, G._Y,Lee, S._G.,Song, S._Z 대한수학회 1997 대한수학회보 Vol.34 No.1

Let M_m,n be the set of all m × n real matrices. For a matrix A=[α_ij]∈ M_m,n, the sign of αij is defined by sgn αij= 0 if αij=0, +1 if αij>0, -1 if αij<0. The sign pattern of A, A is the m × n {0,1,-1}-matrix A= [sgn αij] = sgn A obtained from A by replacing each entry with its sign. If A and B are sign pattern matrices with same size, then A + B is qualitatively defined if αijbij ≠ -1 for all i and j, 1 ≤ i ≤ m, 1 ≤ j ≤ n. If αijbij = -1, then αij + bij is 0, -1 or +1. So, we cannot dctcrminc the sign of the entry αij + bij. That is, A + B is undefined. Let Q(B) be the qualitative class of B such that the sign pattern of any matrix in Q(B) equals to the sign pattern of B = [bij],i.e.,

Associations between the functional CD40 rs4810485 G/T polymorphism and susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis

Lee, Y H,Bae, S-C,Choi, S J,Ji, J D,Song, G G SAGE Publications 2015 Lupus Vol.24 No.11

<P><B>Objective</B></P><P>The aim of this study was to determine whether the functional CD40 rs4810485 G/T polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>A series of meta-analyses were conducted to test for association between the CD40 rs4810485 G/T polymorphism and RA or SLE.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>A total of 21 comparisons involving 15,095 patients and 27,050 controls for RA, and 1353 patients and 2342 controls for SLE were considered. Meta-analysis showed a significant association between the CD40 rs4810485 T allele and RA in all subjects (odds ratio (OR) 0.890, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.846–0.936, <I>p</I> = 5.5 × 10<SUP>−7</SUP>). After stratification by ethnicity, the CD40 T allele was found to be significantly associated with RA in Europeans (OR 0.879, 95% CI 0.848–0.901, <I>p</I> = 3.0 × 10<SUP>−9</SUP>). A similar pattern of association was observed between the CD40 T allele and RA when the analysis was performed using the recessive, dominant, and additive models. Meta-analysis also showed a significant association between the CD40 polymorphism and SLE in Europeans (OR for the T allele 0.715, 95% CI 0.641–0.832, <I>p</I> = 1.4 × 10<SUP>−6</SUP>).</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Our meta-analyses confirm that the CD40 rs4810485 G/T polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to RA and SLE in Europeans.</P>

High-level extracellular production and characterization of Candida antarctica lipase B in Pichia pastoris

Eom, G.T.,Lee, S.H.,Song, B.K.,Chung, K.W.,Kim, Y.W.,Song, J.K. Society for Bioscience and Bioengineering, Japan ; 2013 Journal of bioscience and bioengineering Vol.116 No.2

The gene encoding lipase B from Candida antarctica (CalB) was expressed in Pichia pastoris after it was synthesized by the recursive PCR and cloned into the Pichia expression plasmid, pPICZαA. The CalB was successfully secreted in the recombinant P. pastoris strain X-33 with an apparent molecular weight of 34 kDa. For 140 h flask culture, the dry cell weight and the extracellular lipase activity reached at 5.4 g/l and 57.9 U/l toward p-nitrophenyl palmitate, respectively. When we performed the fed-batch fermentation using a methanol feeding strategy for 110 h, the dry cell weight and the extracellular lipase activity were increased to 135.7 g/l and 11,900 U/l; the CalB protein concentration was 1.18 g/l of culture supernatant. The characteristics of CalB recovered from the P. pastoris culture were compared with the commercial form of CalB produced in Aspergillus oryzae. The kinetic constants and specific activity, the effects of activity and stability on temperature and pH, the glycosylation extent, the degree of immobilization on macroporous resin and the yield of esterification reaction between oleic acid and n-butanol were almost identical to each other. Therefore, we successfully proved that the Pichia-based expression system for CalB in this study was industrially promising compared with one of the most efficient production systems.

Inhibitory effect of a novel naphthoquinone derivative on proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells through suppression of platelet-derived growth factor receptor β tyrosine kinase

Kim, Y.,Han, J.H.,Yun, E.,Jung, S.H.,Lee, J.J.,Song, G.Y.,Myung, C.S. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2014 european journal of pharmacology Vol.733 No.-

This study was designed to investigate the antiproliferative effect of a novel naphthoquinone derivative, 2@?undecylsulfonyl@?5,8@?dimethoxy@?1,4@?naphthoquinone (2-undecylsulfonyl-DMNQ), on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and examine the possible molecular mechanism of its antiproliferative action. 2-Undecylsulfonyl-DMNQ significantly inhibited PDGF-stimulated cell number and DNA synthesis, and arrested the PDGF-stimulated progression through G<SUB>0</SUB>/G<SUB>1</SUB> to S phase of cell cycle supported by the suppression of pRb phosphorylation and cyclin D1/E, CDK2/4 and PCNA expressions. 2-Undecylsulfonyl-DMNQ dose-dependently inhibited the PDGF-stimulated phosphorylation of phospholipase Cγ (PLCγ), protein kinase B (Akt/PKB), signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase ½ (ERK ½). In addition, 2-undecylsulfonyl-DMNQ inhibited PDGF-induced PDGF receptor β (PDGF-Rβ) dimerization and the phosphorylation of Tyr<SUP>579/581</SUP>, Tyr<SUP>716</SUP>, Tyr<SUP>751</SUP> and Tyr<SUP>1021</SUP> in PDGF-Rβ. However, 2-undecylsulfonyl-DMNQ has no antiproliferative effect on epidermal growth factor (EGF)- or fetal bovine serum (FBS)-stimulated VSMCs. In conclusion, these findings suggest that the antiproliferative effects of 2-undecylsulfonyl-DMNQ on PDGF-stimulated VSMCs are due to the blockade of receptor dimerization and autophosphorylation on specific tyrosine residues of PDGF-Rβ, which resulted in the subsequent suppression of signaling cascades and a cell cycle arrest. Our observation may explain an important mechanism to block the integration of multiple signals generated by growth factor receptor activation for prevention of VSMC proliferation in cardiovascular diseases.