간호실무에서 신봉이론(Espoused theories)에 대한 탐색적 연구

서문자,김혜숙,이은희,박영숙,조경숙,강현숙,임난영,김주현,이소우,조복희,이명하,지성애,하양숙,손영희,권성복,김희진,추진아 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.1

As a nursing practice involves nurses' actions in a specific context of health care, this study has focused on exploring the espoused theories in nursing practice within the action science perspectives, Espoused theories are the belief, principles, and rationale expressed by the practitioner as guiding her/his actions in a situation of practice. The data were analysed qualitatively and 25 elements of espoused theories of nursing action were identified and clustered into 6 categories. The 25 elements of espoused theories are as follows: The clinical nurse worked in wholistic and individual nursing, focussed on the patient's needed, comfort and supportive nursing (5 theories of nursing goal) ; excellent skills, knowledge based, assessment and data collection, explaining, educating or a scientific basis(6 theories of nursing intervention): advocacy, value oriented, treatment, account- ability and commitment(4 theories of nursing ethics) ; human respect. partnership, trust(3 theories of patient-nurse relationship) : knowledgable, accumulated clinical experiences and personally lived experiences. positive perspectives(4 theories of nurse), role of intervention. rewarding peer relationship(3 theories of situations) The above mentioned espoused theories are similar to that of nursing textbooks which students learned through basic nursing education and almost the same as the Acts ofa Nurse in Korean. However, we are doubtful whether nurses actually do as they think. Therefore. it is recommended to review the theories-in-use in order to and any discrepancies between the espoused theories and the reality of nursing actions

대구지역 여대생들의 신체상에 따른 식행동 요인 분석 : Dietary restraint, Disinhibition and Hunger

김주남,김영지,이난희 영남이공대학 2000 論文集 Vol.29 No.-

In order to assess relationships between body image and eating behavior scores from the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire(dietary restraint, disinhibition, hunger), interviews were done on 181 foliate college students in Daegu area Among the students, underweight students were 59(32.6%), normal weight students were 104(57.5%) and obese students were 18(9.9%) by BMI standard. Body image and eating behavior scores were compared among underweight, normal, and obesity using one-way analysis of variance. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to evaluate relationships. Relationship of Dietary restraint score and disinhibition score with groups(underweight, normal, obesity) were correlated(p<0.001, p<0.01, respectively). Statistically significant correlations were obtained between the respondent's current weight and both Dietary restraint score(p<0.01) and disinhibition score(p<0.05) : the correlation coefficients were respectively, 0.324, 0.165. College students are in early stage of adult life and their dietary attitudes, food behaviors and life style will continue to their later life. Therefore college students need more positive dietary attitudes to prevent and treat students obesity.

芥川龍之介에 있어서 藝述과 實存의 問題 : 『地獄變』과 『西方の人』를 中心으로

金鸞姬 제주대학교 1993 논문집 Vol.36 No.-

The paper analyses Akutagawa's view of art and human existence in 'Jigokuhen' and 'Saihonohito'. Akutagawa considers art as the way to transcend the tragic and unpleasant human existence. 'Jigokuhen' expresses the author's views of art and human existence. The hero of 'Jigoukuhen', Yoshihide, paints the folding screen of the inferno in a ground of 'L'art pour l'art'. He shows raison d'etre by his own sensibility instead of by the established morality. He devides the art from the morality in a demonic deed. But this suicide turns the art not the final way of human salvation. 'Jigoukuhen' fortells the author's destiny. Akutagawa writes the autobiographic work to express the unpleasant world in a pathetic tone before killing himself. Finally he meets 'JESUS' in bible. 'Saihonohito', i.e., Jesus is not the subject of belief and a man who faces the pain of human existence. 'Saihonohito' shows the unique view of Jesus. The ideal goes against Jesus of Akutagawa. The bible does not rescue the author by the belief. It ends to find a man who shards the pain of human existence with himself. The paper explains the tragedy of moderns breached by the thought he acquires in the theory of Gabriel Marcel, i.e., 'Reverse of Have'.

漱石의『夢十夜』의 世界 : 實存的 照明

金鸞姬 제주대학교 1989 논문집 Vol.28 No.1

"Yumezyuya" is the short stories of dream for ten nights. It is analized one by one from existentialist point of view in this paper. It describes the truth of life graphically through the form of dream. The form of dream is pertinent to the motif of inprediction in human life. It is why the dream can show the vision without reserve. "Yumezyuya" express inscrutability, indistinctness and weariness which is easily understood in everyday life. Dream in the work means the other aspect of life more than the antithesis of reality i.e. an ideal land. Characters in "Yumezyuya" have absurd relation with the world. They are destined to be frustrated whatever passion, hope they have. But they continue to make attempts for raison d'e`trer, which means who they should be. The author describes the fatalistic power out of the reach of human will in the work. But they are not frustrated by the fate though they are doomed to failure. It concludes that "Yumezyuya" is the work that formalize the reality of human existence telling the stories of dream for ten nights.

청소년의 체형인식과 체중조절에 관한 실태 조사

김윤정,임영희,왕수경,윤은영,구난숙 대전대학교 생활과학연구소 1998 생활과학연구 Vol.4 No.-

This purpose of this survey was to investigate status recognition and weight contrast of high school students and college in Taejon. These results were summarized as follows: In the heights and weights those of male 178.74±6.31cm and 65.49±9.44kg, those of female were 162.09±4.36cm and 51.95±5.95kg. By broca index, 53.7% of subjects were normal, 38.2% were lean, 5.3% were overweight and 2.8% were obese. 44.4% of male have recognized their body form as normal, 30.5% of female have recognized their body form as overweight, 47.8% of lean groups answered that they were normal. In normal groups, 46.2% answered normal and 28.9% answered some fatty. 46.8% of normal group in female misunderstood that they were some fatty. In spite of not to weight control, lean and normal group answered that they were weight control. Weight control methods were used diet therapy (66.2%). therapy+exercise(22.8%) and exercise(9.0%). Reason to select therapy of weight control were one's recommendation(45.8%) and by mass media(3.8%). Weight loss and period of weight control were 1.9days, 0.4kg in high school students, 7.3days, 0.7kg in college students, and 3.8days, 0.5kg in male, 5.7days, 0.6kg in female. The results of weight control, 65.0% were failed. The reason of failure in weight control, 42.4% answered because of hungry.

『道草』의 世界

金鸞姬 제주대학교 1989 논문집 Vol.29 No.-

"Michikusa" expresses how Soseki's view of life changes. It is by means of his autobiography. Kenzo, hero in michikusa, faces the conflicts of the Ego in common life. It makes human experiment to the extreme degree, describing overlapped contrast of characters. It deduces the human universality from their private lives. The life is the world of anxiety or the unsolved labyrinth in the novel. It should be Soseki's view of life. And the world of 'Michikusa' should be taken for that of causality. Limitress of humanity is reified to "the Nature", "God" or "Ten" in this article. It takes concrete shape of Kenzo who believed in the transcendent being. Kenzo does not evade his role in the world of causality. He gives up his vested superiority and elitism. He realizes humanity, intellectual or not, be equal in the Transcendent. The author, Soseki, keeps up the position as clever realizer, immerses himself to solve the conflicts and contradictions in the world. He lights up the ethical view of life, i. e., "Sokutenkyosi", transcending the Ego. "Michikusa" asks the question of life, describing common lives, making contrast of character's views of life. In logic-free state, it raises transcendent "Andere", approaches theme of modern literature. "Michikusa" describes the process from western individualism to oriental spirit, i. e. Sokutenkyosi. In the process it has conflicts of the Ego, inner life of Soseki that stands out in 'Simada'. It concludes that 'Michikusa' is not only collection of parts of symbol, but a symbol itself.

Cyclosporin A 로 유도된 생쥐 림프절의 세포성 면역억제에 관한 면역조직화학적 연구 : T 림프구, IL-2 수용기 및 NK세포의 변화를 중심으로 Based on the change of T lymphocytes, Il-2 receptors, and NK cells

김진택,박인식,안상현,최난희,김동환 동국대학교 한의학연구소 1998 東國韓醫學硏究所論文集 Vol.6 No.2

본 실험은 cyclosporin A(CsA)에 의한 시간의 경과에 따른 림프절에서의 세포성 면역억제를 조사하기 위해서 시행된 것으로 BALB/C계 생쥐에 10일동안 CsA(45mg/kg/day) 투여 후 림프절에서의 T 림프구, IL-2 수용기 그리고 자연살해(NK)세포의 분포 변화를 관찰하였다. 대조군의 림프절에서는 L3T4(CD4)에 양성반응을 보이는 도움 T림프구, Ly2(CD8)에 양성반응을 보이는 세포독성 T 림프구 그리고 CD25R에 양성반응을 보이는 IL-2 수용기를 가진 세포는 곁피질(paracortex)과 수질동(medullary sinus)에서 분포하였다. CsA투여 후 처음 3일까지는 이들 양성반웅세포의 분포 변화는 없었으며 양성반응성의 변화도 없었다. 그러나 CsA 투여 7일부터 양성반응 세포수의 감소와 양성반응성의 약화가 관찰되기 시작하였으며 이러한 변화는 시간이 경과하여 14일에 이르렀을 때 가장 큰 감소추세로 나타났다. 한편 NKl.1(CD56)에 양성반응을 보이는 자연살해세포는 피질과 수질에 분포하였으며 CsA 투여 후 시간의 경과에 따라 양성반응 세포수가 감소하였으며, 이러한 감소는 14일에서 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 미루어보아 CsA 투여는 림프절에서의 IL-2 분비저해를 통해 T 림프구와 NK세포의 활성을 차단하여 선택적이면서 효과적인 세포성 면역억제작용을 하고 있는 것으로 사료된다. Cyclosporin A(CsA) is a selective immunosuppressive agent that has been credited with improved survival of solid organ allografts. Lymph node of BALB/C mouse administered CsA immunohistochemically observed to understand immunosuppressive effects of CsA on T lymphocytes, IL-2 receptors, and natural killer NK cells in lymph node. CsA orally administered daily for 10days at the dose 4smg/kg/day/. The lymph node were obtained at day 3, 7, and 14 after CsA administration and embeded with paraffin, and then stained by following ABC method that used monoclonal antibody including L3T4(CD4), Ly2(CD8), IL-2R(CD25), and NK-1.1(CD56). There were little changes of reactive degree and number of helper T lymphocytes, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, IL.-2 receptors, and NK cells at day 3 after CsA administration, but they began to decrease at day 7. These decrease were greatest at day 14. The helper T lymphocytes, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, IL-2 receptors, and NK cells distributed in paracortex and medullary sinus. These results indicated that the secretion of IL-2 began to decrease at day 7 after CsA administration and subsequently to suppress T lymphocytes and NK cell as components of cell-mediated immunity.

芥川龍之介의 表現空間과 方法

金鸞姬 제주대학교 1993 논문집 Vol.37 No.1

This paper surveyed akutagawa's artistic doctrine and space of fictional writing by comparing his earlier works with his later ones. Akutagawa managed to show his ability of making a tight plot using the doctrine of art for art's sake, especially in his earlier works. Here he discovered the intergration between the content and the form. His major works, 「Nose」 and 「Rashomon」 studied in this paper, were derived from historical facts. The author explains that Akutagawa had to establish the historical space with the writing space using the logic of 「concealment of destiny」. If he had dealt with historical space isolated from the real life, the shape of the actual life involved in the story would have been hidden. His earlier works implied mother of destiny and its anguish through symbolism. His later works were, however, written by autobiographic style in which the novelist gave up the doctrine of art for art's sake of his earlier novels. In the later works, he seemed to utilize the way of replotting of his own past life with the point that he destructed the beliefs that he had had while young. From these circumstances, this paper discovers the difference between his earlier works and his later ones. This was probably due to changes in Akutagawa's mind. His later works were, expressed the mind of a writer who made up his mind dying, filled his mind with the color of death. In truth, he wanted to tell readers of the desperate reality that art only couldn't be way of controlling human life. After all, his earlier way of writing was abandoned because there was nothing that he would hide in the face of death. It is likely that the autobiographic and confessional style he used in his later works was said to be a liberation of self that one experienced when faced with death. This paper shows that the motif, both in his earlier works and later works, was the idea of twilight and the feeling of loss in human life.

夏目漱石에 있어서 近代의 問題

金鸞姬 제주대학교 1987 논문집 Vol.25 No.1

In thls paper, I have made an observation on Soseki's novel "Kokoro" which represents a basic shape of human life, on the basis of the times he lived It is not too much to say that, when viewed in the light of the whole Japanese history, the Mein era. as a literary setting of this work, was that of a downright imitation of the west. Under the good name of "modernization," a large number of intellectuals set about transplanting the western civilization to Japan. As a result, not only individualiam but capitalism became widespread throughout the country. Furthermore, a lot of side effects arose from the modernization that was not spontaneous but forced downward by the government Few intellectuals have, therefore, disagreed on the conclusion that the Japanese clvilization was of superficiality. Of the people who were bold enought to tackle the realities of the period. Natsumesosekl has been often cited as the greatest He was the only writer who had made life-long efforts to illuminate the current problems. On the whole, "Kokoro" is the novel which dealt with dark aspects of the period. It illustrates and anguished intellectual who is obsessed with the consciousness as a victim and offender of the civilization, who has to shake off the traditional value system that still appeals to hls mind, and who expiates his sin with abandoning his identity and prepares for the new age even with internal feeling of humiliation. Such characters as "Sensei" and "K" become subjected to the conflicts between the premodern morals and the modern morals, finally finding peace in death. However, the current contradictions and conflicts as well ae vividly transferred by "Watashi" who stands for the concoming age. in order to create a bright generation that will not experience skepticism or disruption. In other words, it is emphasized that the past must be recognized as it is and not fall into oblivion The writer seem to have paid attention to the current problems with assumption that new genertions aspire to live on new energies which may be symbolized by 'simplicity' or 'pure whiteness.' Now, it may be concluded that "Kokore" makes inguirles into human nature motivated by the social atmosphere. The intellectuals in this novel represent those who failed to overcome the dual morality - becoming the victims of the civilization - during the Meiji era that suffered a premature influx of the western civilization.

The Effect of Bench-Step Exercise Training for 16 Weeks on Risk Factors for Metabolic Syndrome in Middle Aged Obese Women with Hypertension

Kim, Junghoon,Jeong, Nan-Hee1,Nho, Ho-Sung 한국운동영양학회 2003 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.7 No.1