Serial values for hematologic and biochemical analysis after myocardial infarction in rats

( Mi Jin Lee ),( Hyun Jin Tae ),( Ying Hua Li ),( Do Hyeon Yu ),( In Ae Han ),( Seok Won Lee ),( Dong Choon Ahn ),( In Shik Kim ),( Jin Ho Park ) 한국가축위생학회 2008 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.31 No.2

To diagnose acute myocardial infarction(MI), many cardiac markers have been used in hematologic and biochemical analysis, and many studies have been published for hema-tologic and biochemical analysis associated with human acute MI. However, after occurrence of acute MI, the serial investigation for values in hematologic and bioche-mical analysis including chronic MI has rarely been performed. To observe the change of the serial values in hematologic and biochemical analysis, we induced artificial MI. The left main descending artery(LMDA) of the left coronary artery was ligated during the progression(day 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 30) of MI. Total 66 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the sham group(n=24, thoracotomy without LMDA ligation) and the experimental(MI) group(n=42, with LMDA ligation). And all individual in each group was sacrified at day 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 30 for the hematologic and biochemical analysis. In comparison of hematologic analysis between the sham and MI groups, the mean values of red blood cell(RBCs), hemoglobin and hematocrit(HCT) showed a steady increase. In biochemical analysis, the mean values of glucose, choles-terol, total creatine kinase(CK) and isoenzyme MB, and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) were increased in all MI groups compared with the sham groups. The results of this study suggest that early hematologic and biochemical mean values occurred after acute MI are similar to those of human acute MI. In conclusion, we could observe the alterations and serial values in hematologic and biochemical analysis to the extent of chronic status after acute MI.

Serial values for hematologic and biochemical analysis after myocardial infarction in rats

Lee, Mi-Jin,Tae, Hyun-Jin,Li, Ying-Hua,Yu, Do-Hyeon,Han, In-Ae,Lee, Seok-Won,Ahn, Dong-Choon,Kim, In-Shik,Park, Jin-Ho The Korean Society of Veterinary Service 2008 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.31 No.2

To diagnose acute myocardial infarction (MI), many cardiac markers have been used in hematologic and biochemical analysis, and many studies have been published for hematologic and biochemical analysis associated with human acute MI. However, after occurrence of acute MI, the serial investigation for values in hematologic and biochemical analysis including chronic MI has rarely been performed. To observe the change of the serial values in hematologic and biochemical analysis, we induced artificial MI. The left main descending artery (LMDA) of the left coronary artery was ligated during the progression (day 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 30) of MI. Total 66 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the sham group (n=24, thoracotomy without LMDA ligation) and the experimental (MI) group (n=42, with LMDA ligation). And all individual in each group was sacrified at day 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 30 for the hematologic and biochemical analysis. In comparison of hematologic analysis between the sham and MI groups, the mean values of red blood cell (RBCs), hemoglobin and hematocrit (HCT) showed a steady increase. In biochemical analysis, the mean values of glucose, cholesterol, total creatine kinase (CK) and isoenzyme MB, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were increased in all MI groups compared with the sham groups. The results of this study suggest that early hematologic and biochemical mean values occurred after acute MI are similar to those of human acute MI. In conclusion, we could observe the alterations and serial values in hematologic and biochemical analysis to the extent of chronic status after acute MI.

Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders for Terminal Patients with Cancer in Teaching Hospitals of Korea

Kim, Do Yeun,Lee, Kyoung Eun,Nam, Eun Mi,Lee, Hye Ran,Lee, Keun-Wook,Kim, Jee Hyun,Lee, Jong Seok,Lee, Soon Nam Mary Ann Liebert 2007 Journal of palliative medicine Vol.10 No.5

<P>OBJECTIVES: To examine the current practices relating to do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders for terminal patients with cancer at teaching hospitals in Korea. METHODS: The records of 387 deaths from January 1 to December 31, 2005 at four cancer centers were identified and reviewed to assess the DNR delineation. Basic demographics, circumstances surrounding the establishment of the DNR directive, the percentage of orders for identified populations, and the time interval between DNR consent and death were evaluated. RESULTS: An order of DNR consent was obtained from 296 patients (76%) of a total of 387 patients. All DNR consents were made between the physician and family, without involving the patient. Written preprinted DNR consent forms were used in 169 (57%) cases and 127 patients (43%) had verbal DNR permission. DNR consent was interpreted in two ways: one forbade resuscitation in two hospitals and the other implied limited care in two other hospitals. A unilateral physician decision to withhold cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was decided for 62 (16%) patients. Terminal CPR was performed on 29 (7%) patients. DNR discussion was made within 7 days of the day of death on 228 (77%) patient among the 296 DNR consenting patients. CONCLUSION: From our teaching-hospital-based analysis of terminal cancer patients in Korea, consent for a DNR order was common. However, DNR order forms were not standardized and lacked room to document patient involvement in the decision. Usually the DNR decision was made within last days of the patient's life. Our results reflect the need for the improvement of end-of-life care decisions in Korea.</P>

Algal bioassay 에 의한 조류생장 제한영양염류 결정

오희목(Hee Mock Oh),이석준(Seog June Lee),김성빈(Seong Bin Kim),박미경(Mi Kyung Park),윤병대(Byung Dae Yoon),김도한(Do Han Kim) 한국하천호수학회 1998 생태와 환경 Vol.31 No.2

Determination of Limiting Nutrient for Algal Growth by Algal Bioassay. Oh, Hee-Mock, Seog June Lee, Seong-Bin Kim, Mi- Kyung Park, Byung-Dae Yoon and Do-Han Kim (Environmental Microbiology Research Unit, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Taejon 305-333, Korea and Water Resources Research Institute, Korea Water Resources Corporation, Taejon 305-390, Korea) Water quaiity and algal growth potential (AGP) using Microcystis aeruginosa were investigated from April to September 1997 in Daechung Reservoir. Secchi disk transparency was 1.1 m in August. Chlorophyll-a concentrations were higher than 10㎍/l at all samples. Total phosphorus concentration was in a range of 0.020∼0.027mg/l which is at the approximate value of 0.03 mg/l, the general critical level of eutrophication. These results indicate that Daechung Reservoir is in an eutrophic state except some temporary times and restricted sites. Phosphorus uptake rate of M. aeruginosa was higher in the water from the epilimnion than in the hypolimnion and also higher under light condition than under dark condition. Therefore, phosphorus uptake rate appears to depend on cellular phosphorous content and light condition, a meaning of endergonic process. Phosphorus was the most frequently limiting nutrient: phosphorus was limiting algal gowth in April and May, nitrogen, phosphorus and trace elements were the limiting factors for algae in August, and trace elements in September. If a fast growing alga, M, aeruginosa, is used as a test organism for assaying AGP, in vivo fluorescence instead of dry weight can be measured for algal biomass and incubation period can be reduced from traditional 14 days to 7 days.

수온 변동 자극이 양식 넙치, Paralichthys olivaceus의 비특이적 생체 방어에 미치는 영향

이덕찬,김도형,김수미,강명석,홍미주,김현정,박수일 한국어병학회 2002 한국어병학회지 Vol.15 No.2

본 연구는 넙치에 대한 수온 변동 자극의 영향을 생체 방어적인 측면에서 검토하고자 하였다. 수온 변동 자극은 매일 18℃에서 25℃까지 상승과 하강을 반복하는 방법을 사용하였으며 그 기간은 30일간 지속하였다. 실험어는 온도변화를 주기 시작한 후 28일째까지 무작위로 채포하여 말초혈액 중의 백혈구 수, 전혈의 식작용능, 활성산소, 환원능, chemiluminescence(CL) response 및 lysozyme용균능과 같은 각종 비특이적 생체방어와 관련한 실험을 수행하였다. 수온 변동 자극을 주기 시작한 후 1일째부터 시작하여 1주일 이내에 약 18%의 넙치가 폐사하였으며 이후에는 대조구와 유사하였다. 또한, 수온 변동 자극을 준 실험구의 호중구 수는 2주째에 유의적인 증가를 보였으며, 림프구 수는 2일과 3일째에 감소하였으나 1주째부터 대조구와 유사한 수준으로 회복되었다. 실험구에서는 식작용 결과 식균율과 식균지수에서 이물질 투여 후의 반응이 늦게 나타났다. 식세포의 활성을 조사한 NBT reduction 실험에서는 실험 기간 동안 대조구와 유사한 경향ㅇ르 나타내었다. 또한, CL response의 경우, 실험구는 온도 변동 자극초기에 대조구에 비하여 유의적으로 낮았다. 그리고, 식세포가 분비하는 용균성 효소인 점액 내 lysozyme의 활성은 실험 기간 동안 실험구에서 낮게 나타나는 경향을 보였다. 이러한 여러 가지 비특이적 생체 방어 반응의 저하 현상은 수온 변동 자극 초기에 나타났으며, 1주일 정도 지속하면 그 환경에 적응하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 이러한 현상은 이들이 초기 폐사 발생과 어떤 상관 관계에 있는 것으로 생각되었다. This study was performed to know the effects of stress nduced by the daily fluctuation of water temperature fro 18? to 25? up and down for 30 days on the defence mechanism of olive flounde,r Paralichthys olivaceus. To make clear the temperature stress on the defense mechanism of the tested fish, several factors of immune response such as counting of leucocyte appearance in periopheral blood, phagocytic activity in whole blood cells, nitroblue tetrazolium(NBT) reduction, chemiluminescence(CL) response, and lysozyme activity were investigated at 28 days after giving the change of water temperature. The fish was controlled under the none feeding condition during experimental period. Mortality of the tested fish was rapidly increased up to 22% within the first one week of the experimental period without any additional stress factors. The number of neutrophil of peripheral blood in the tested group was significantly higher than the control group at the 2nd week, but the number of lymphocyte was significantly lower than the control group at the 1st and 3rd day of the experimental period, respectively. In the NBT reduction test, the activity of macrophage in the control group fish was the highest on the 7th day while that in the tested group was on the 3rd day. Also, the phagocytosis of tested group against formalin killed cells was retarded compared with the control CL response of the tested group was significantly lower from 2nd to 5th day of the experimental period than the contro. The lysozyme activity of tested group was remained higher during the experimental period than the contro. Even through the tested fish showed different results in some non-specific factors of immune responses between tested and control group fish, olive flounder seems highly adaptable in repeated water temperature change in condition after one week under the given temperature fluctuation range

직장여성의 직무태도 및 성과의 결정요인 : 상황적 요인과 성역할 태도 The Influence of Situational Factors and Sex Role Attitudes

이도화,이미자,강인중 인제대학교 인문사회과학연구소 1998 인문사회과학논총 Vol.5 No.1

This purpose of this study is to examine the effects of antecedents of job attitudes and performance of working women. The antecedents studied in the past literature include (1) situational factors such as tenure, position, age, pay, education, and (2) socialization factors. But the latter have seldom been submitted to empirical testing. This study attempts to test empirically the effects of both sets of variables on job attitudes of working women. Specifically, the hypothesis tested is as follow : the difference of job attitudes and performance between male and female will be affected not only by situational factors and sex per se but also by sex role attitudes, which are expected as being influenced by socialization practices. Under this hypothesis, questionnaire survey was conducted for 600 workers including production, administration, and professional workers. The major finding is as follow: The hypothesis was upheld for job satisfaction among production and administration workers and for organizational commitment among adminstration workers. The implication of these results and future research direction are discussed.

인간 재조합 인터루긴-32 면역조절작용에 대한 유세포 분석

이광수,김영관,채정일,심정현,김은미,강형식,김수현,윤도영,명평근 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 2006 생물공학연구지 Vol.12 No.-

Xenotransplantation of porcine organs has the potential to overcome the severe shortage of human tissues and organ available for human transplantation. however, it remains various hurdles for clinical xenotransplantation. In pig and mouse xenotransplantation, porcine xenograft evoke a strong cellular rejection response in immunocompetent host and grafts are destroyed within a week. This cellular immune response could involved both T cells and NK cells. A number of groups have shown that human NK cells can recognize and damage porcine endothelial cells. In addition, human T cells can respond to porcine endothelial cells through both direct and indirect mechanisms. Cellular rejection of porcine tissues requires T cells, particularly CD4^(+) cells. A new cytokine recombinant human interleukin-32α,β(IL-32α,β) has a role innate and acquired immune system. In order to investigate the role of recombinant mouse IL-18 and recombinant human IL-32α,β in xenograft rejection, we transplanted the PK(15) cells to C57BL/6 mice with or without intraperitoneal injection of recombinant mouse IL-18 or recombinant human IL-32 α,β. It was analyzed the population of NK cell, T cell and B cell in the C57BL/6 mice transplanted with PK(15) cells and recombinant mouse IL-18 or recombinant human IL-32α,β by flow cytometry analysis. As a result, lymph node and thymus of PK15/IL18, PK15/IL32α and PK15/IL32β injected group were increased to T cell activation population than normal injected groups. CD8^(+) T cells were decreased in lymph node of PK15/IL18, PK15/IL32α and PK15/IL32β injected groups. CD4^(+) T cells were increased in lymph node cell of PK15/IL32α and PK15/IL32β injected group and also, B cell population were increased in lymph node cell and spleen of PK15/IL18, PK15/IL32α and PK15/IL32β injected group. Therefore, we suggest that recombinant mouse IL-18 and recombinant human IL-32α,β suppress xenograft rejection in cellular xenotransplantation.

2~4세 아동의 의문사 이해에 관한 연구

이정미,권도하 대구대학교 2005 대구대학교 학술논문집 Vol.1 No.1

본 연구는 2~4세 일반아동 90명을 6개월씩 6집단으로 구분하였고, 여섯 가지 의문사를 제시하여 각 연령내에서 의문사 유형간 발달양상을 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구결과 연령이 높아질수록 의문사를 이해하는 능력이 증가되었다. 특히 2;0~3:5세에 의문사를 이해하는 능력이 매우 활발히 진행됨을 알 수 있었고, 4:6세 이후에는 여섯 가지 의문사를 안정적으로 이해하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 연령내 각 의문사 유형의 이해 발달 순서는, ‘무엇’, ‘누구’, ‘어디’, ‘왜’, 어떻게, ‘언제’의 순으로 나타났으며, 정반응률 75%를 습득기준으로 삼을때, ‘무엇’은 2;0~2;5세에, ‘누구’는 2;6~2;11세에, ‘어디’와 ‘왜’는 4;0~4;5세, ‘어떻게’는 4;6~4;11세에 습득되었고 ‘언제’는 4세에 습득되지 않았음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구는 일반아동의 의문사 이해 발달 과정의 기초 자료 수집의 도움이 되고, 의사소통의 장애를 가진 아동들의 진단 및 치료중재에 있어서도 규준적 자료로 도움이 되고자 하였다. This study investigated the development of children's comprehension of 6 wh-questions. 90 children aged 2~4 years old. They were divided into 6 age groups by 6 months intervals. The results were as follow: First, children improved continuously in their ability to respond to all wh-questions in their as age increased. Particularly in comparison with the other age groups. Children aged 2;0~3;5 years displayed the biggest improvement in comprehension of all the wh-quest ions. Children aged 3;6~4;5 years improved continuously in their ability. Improvement was stabilized at about 4;6~4;11. Second, there were differences in the development of comprehension in each of the wh-question, according to age. The frequency date the comprehension of the wh-questions was inferred: what, who, where, why, how, when. This study was intended to provide criteria for the basis of diagnosis, to devise intervention in education and for the treatment of communicative disorders by examing the stages of development of childrens ability to comprehend wh-questions.

직장여성의 직무태도 및 성과 : 직종별 비교연구

이도화,이미자,강인중 인제대학교 1998 仁濟論叢 Vol.14 No.1

This study aims to examine whether there is gender differences in job attitudes(i.e. job satisfaction, organizational commitment, work role centrality) and job performance, and whether those differences, if any, may be related to sex discrimination in personnel management practices and personal experiences of sex discrimination. In order to pursue above research questions, questionnaire survey was conducted for 600 workers in several different industries including manufacturing firms, banks, and high schools. The main results of One-way ANOVA are as follows: (1) For administrative worker group, job satisfaction of female was found to be lower than that of male. (2) For production worker group, organizational commitment of female was higher than that of male. (3) For professional worker group, overall job attitudes including job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and work role centrality were found to be higher than those of male workers. (4) Sex discriminations in personnel management and personal experiences of sex discrimination were highest for administrative worker group and lowest for the professional worker group. The above results suggest that females' poor job attitudes may be related to sex discrimination practices in the workplace. The implications of the these results and future research directions are discussed in the conclusion.

영국의 아동보육제도 연구

도미향,이용복 남서울대학교 2001 남서울대학교 논문집 Vol.7 No.-

The objective of this article lies in examining the problems and seeking the solutions of child care in Korea through the study of the UK day care system. The UK introduced the concept of education or care for two-to-seven year children in the 19th century. Robert Owen established day care center for the first time in 1816, and made foundation for social adaptaion of children in poverty. But the child care system in the UK was in a primitive development stage until 1870, when the debate on the school age began. Even after the Second World War the conditions for child did not improve much. Most married working women were paid by the hour, and children were looked after by their father, relatives, or private childminder. In 1990s the shortage of labor force grew worse, increasing the number of working women who had little infants. This situation put the child care to top priority of all the political and economic issues. Nonetheless, public care service was provided limitedly children and families with special welfare needs. As a result, the public financial support for child care continued to be at a standstill. In this way the governmental intervention has been minimized, letting the employers and private markets provide the greater par of care services for working women whose percentage of employment ascending steadily. At the background of such passive governmental policy is the philosophy that the best place for a child is his or her home and that child care is primarily a personal problem which can be solved effectively by the market mechanism.