파라핀 오일을 이용한 W/O 에멀젼법하에 구형 γ-알루미나 분체 제조시 유화제 종류 및 조성변화의 영향

이융,이상우,이창일,함영민 한국공업화학회 2002 응용화학 Vol.6 No.2

In this work, the average particle size, the degree of monodispersity of particle size and the morphology of v-A1_2O_3 powder were investigated by changing the type and composition of emulsifiers under 0/W emulsion method. Water phase(W) was aq. v-A1_2O_3 sol of pH=3 and oil phase(O) was paraffin oil containing diverse main surfactants and[or] cosurfactants, which were sp8O, tw80, n-butanol, n-octanol and n-dodecanol. The mixing rate & mixing time and the O:W volumetric ratio to form emulsion were 2,000rpm & lhr and 8:1, respectively. As results, the morphology of v-A1_2O_3 powder prepared under all conditions was spherical form and the min. average particle size, 0.56㎛, was obtained when mixed surfactants of 2vol.%[sp80 & tw8O] of HLBm=5 were used. and the max. monodispersity of particle size, 1.06, was achieved when 0.4vol.%n-butanol, as a cosurfactant, was used with 2vol.%[sp80 & tw8O] of HLBm=5.

Visualization and Quantification of Radiochemical Purity by Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging

Ha, Yeong Su,Lee, Woonghee,Jung, Jung-Min,Soni, Nisarg,Pandya, Darpan N.,An, Gwang Il,Sarkar, Swarbhanu,Lee, Won Kee,Yoo, Jeongsoo American Chemical Society 2018 ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY - Vol.90 No.15

<P>Determination of radiochemical purity is essential for characterization of all radioactive compounds, including clinical radiopharmaceuticals. Radio-thin layer chromatography (radio-TLC) has been used as the gold standard for measurement of radiochemical purity; however, this method has several limitations in terms of sensitivity, spatial resolution, two-dimensional scanning, and quantification accuracy. Here, we report a new analytical technique for determination of radiochemical purity based on Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI), whereby entire TLC plates are visualized by detection of Cerenkov radiation. Sixteen routinely used TLC plates were tested in combination with three different radioisotopes (<SUP>131</SUP>I, <SUP>124</SUP>I, and <SUP>32</SUP>P). All TLC plates doped with a fluorescent indicator showed excellent detection sensitivity with scanning times of less than 1 min. The new CLI method was superior to the traditional radio-TLC scanning method in terms of sensitivity, scanning time, spatial resolution, and two-dimensional scanning. The CLI method also showed better quantification features across a wider range of radioactivity values compared with radio-TLC and classical zonal analysis, especially for β<SUP>-</SUP>-emitters such as <SUP>131</SUP>I and <SUP>32</SUP>P.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Improved Properties of Nanocrystalline Cellulose Isolated from Kraft Pulp by Electron Beam Irradiation

Kim, Sun-Young,Lee, Byoung-Min,Lee, Yeong-Ju,Kim, Du-Yeong,Jeun, Joon-Pyo,Kang, Phil-Hyun American Scientific Publishers 2016 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.16 No.10

<P>In this study, we investigated an improvement to the properties of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) from kraft pulp using electron beam irradiation (EBI). The EBI of the kraft pulp was performed at various doses (25, 50, and 75 kGy) and then hydrolyzed with 55% sulfuric acid at 50 degrees C (preheated) for 20 min. The hydrolysate of kraft pulp was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), particle size distribution, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The NCC of pristine kraft pulp was obtained with a broad size distribution (0-700 nm), an average particle size of 220 nm, and a 75.5% crystallinity index after 20 min of acid-hydrolysisat 50 degrees C. However, isolated NCC from 75 kGy irradiated kraft pulp was obtained with a narrow size distribution (0-530 nm), an average particle size of 160 nm, and 83.2% crystallinity after 20 min of acidhydrolysisat 50 degrees C. These results indicate that the size and crystallinity of NCC were easily controlled by adjusting the EBI dose.</P>

혈액 투석 환자에서 중심정맥 협착에 대한 스텐트 삽입술 : Wallstent Placement

임대승,노상필,이유선,정승현,김보영,이정우,강정아,김정희,이민수,정준용,최시완,정진옥,성인환,이강욱,신영태 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2002 충남의대잡지 Vol.29 No.1

Stenosis of central vein is a common complication arising after percutaneous subclavian vein catheter insertion performed for temporary vascular access in chronic renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis. There are several treatment methods for the condition like percutaneous angioplasty(PTA), stent insertion, and surgery, but recent trend is toward PTA and stents. Among the patients diagnosed with chronic renal failure from March 1993 to May 2002 and undergoing hemodialysis through AV fistula, the 14 Patients in whom central vein stenosis arose were selected for the study. A total of 28 percutaneous interventions(5 PTA and 23 stent placement) were performed, and restenosis rate and the time taken till the restenosis in de novo lesions and instant lesions were compared. All 28 cases were operated successfully. The 14 cases that received both anigioplasty and stent placement initially. (de novo lesion : 14 cases), Among the 10 cases with de novo lesion that followed up more than 1 year, 3 cases are currently undergoing hemodialysis without restenosis, and the remaining 7 cases have recurred stenosis with the mean time to restenosis of 10.9 months. In the 7 cases in whom stenosis recurred, 11 interventions were done(instent lesion: 11 cases). 4 of these were using only ballon angioplasty with 100% restenosis rate and the mean time of 3 months until restenosis. The remaining 7 cases were using both balloon angioplasty and stent placement, also with 100% restenosis rate but with the mean time of 12 months until restenosis, which was later than the group receiving only balloon angioplasty. In treating the patients with central vein stenosis, stent placement seems to be more advantageous over PTA in terms of restenosis rate and the mean duration of patency. In the case of instent lesion, inserting the stent for the second time after stenosis recurred lengthened the duration of patency compared to performing balloon angioplasty alone.

Radicicol Inhibits iNOS Expression in Cytokine-Stimulated Pancreatic Beta Cells

Cha Kyung Youn,Seon Joo Park,Mei Hong Li,Min Young Lee,Kun Yeong Lee,Man Jin Cha,Ok Hyeun Kim,Ho Jin You,In Youp Chang,Sang Pil Yoon,Young Jin Jeon 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2013 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.17 No.4

Here, we show that radicicol, a fungal antibiotic, resulted in marked inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) transcription by the pancreatic beta cell line MIN6N8a in response to cytokine mixture (CM: TNF-Ձ, IFN-Ճ, and IL-1Ղ). Treatment of MIN6N8a cells with radicicol inhibited CM-stimulated activation of NF-ՊB/Rel, which plays a critical role in iNOS transcription, in a dose-related manner. Nitrite production in the presence of PD98059, a specific inhibitor of the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase-1 and 2 (ERK1/2) pathway, was dramatically diminished, suggesting that the ERK1/2 pathway is involved in CM-induced iNOS expression. In contrast, SB203580, a specific inhibitor of p38, had no effect on nitrite generation. Collectively, this series of experiments indicates that radicicol inhibits iNOS gene expression by blocking ERK1/2 signaling. Due to the critical role that NO release plays in mediating destruction of pancreatic beta cells, the inhibitory effects of radicicol on iNOS expression suggest that radicicol may represent a useful anti-diabetic activity.

Radicicol Inhibits iNOS Expression in Cytokine-Stimulated Pancreatic Beta Cells

Youn, Cha Kyung,Park, Seon Joo,Li, Mei Hong,Lee, Min Young,Lee, Kun Yeong,Cha, Man Jin,Kim, Ok Hyeun,You, Ho Jin,Chang, In Youp,Yoon, Sang Pil,Jeon, Young Jin The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2013 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.17 No.4

Here, we show that radicicol, a fungal antibiotic, resulted in marked inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) transcription by the pancreatic beta cell line MIN6N8a in response to cytokine mixture (CM: TNF-${\alpha}$, IFN-${\gamma}$, and IL-$1{\beta}$). Treatment of MIN6N8a cells with radicicol inhibited CM-stimulated activation of NF-${\kappa}B$/Rel, which plays a critical role in iNOS transcription, in a dose-related manner. Nitrite production in the presence of PD98059, a specific inhibitor of the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase-1 and 2 (ERK1/2) pathway, was dramatically diminished, suggesting that the ERK1/2 pathway is involved in CM-induced iNOS expression. In contrast, SB203580, a specific inhibitor of p38, had no effect on nitrite generation. Collectively, this series of experiments indicates that radicicol inhibits iNOS gene expression by blocking ERK1/2 signaling. Due to the critical role that NO release plays in mediating destruction of pancreatic beta cells, the inhibitory effects of radicicol on iNOS expression suggest that radicicol may represent a useful anti-diabetic activity.

하악 소구치에 발생한 치외치의 치근단유도술

이지민,최영철,김광철,최성철 大韓小兒齒科學會 2009 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.36 No.2

치외치(Dens Evaginatus)란 교합면에 법랑질이 원추형으로 돌출되어 결절을 형성한 치아로 치아발육중 법랑기의 내측법랑상피가 외부로 과증식되거나 치수 간엽조직이 국소적으로 과증식되어 나타난다. 결절은 교합력이나 저작에 의해 파절 또는 마모되기 쉬우며 따라서 이로 인하여 치수노출에 의한 감염이 야기될 수 있다. 치외치는 예방목적으로 결절을 주기적으로 조금씩 갈아주어 2차 상아질을 유도하거나 전색제등으로 결절주위를 보강하여 자연마모를 유도할 수 있다. 반면 이미 증상을 보인 치아에 대해서는 근관치료를 시행하거나, 미완성치근인 경우 치근단유도술(Apexogenesis)이나 치근단형성술(Apexification)을 시행한다. 치근단유도술이란 생활력을 가진 미성숙 영구치의 손상, 또는 치아우식에 의한 치수노출 시 치수절단술을 시행하여 치수의 생활력을 유지시켜 정상적인 치근으로 발육하도록 유도하는 술식을 말한다. 주로 수산화칼슘을 이용한 통상의 치수절단술이 이용되고 이후 계속적인 치근형성 확인을 위해 주기적 방사선검사가 요구된다. 본 증례는 하악 좌측 제2소구치 부위의 동통을 주소로 내원한 환자에 대한 것으로, 임상검사결과 양측 소구치 부위에 치외치를 확인하게 되었다. 이에 수산화칼슘을 통한 치근단유도술을 시도하였고, 3년간 주기적 내원을 통해 치료한 결과 치근의 근심면의 비정형적 발달을 보였다. 현재 이 치아는 임상증상과 방사선 사진을 통해 확인한 결과 특이한 염증소견 없는 예후를 보이고 있기에 보고하는 바이다. Dens evaginatus is a dental anomaly most commonly seen in premolar teeth in which a tubercle or protuberance projects from either the center of the occlusal surface or the buccal triangular ridge. These tubercles are easily fractured from mastication as the tooth erupts and frequently leads to pulp necrosis as a common complication. To prevent these sequelae, prophylactic treatment soon after the tooth starts erupting is essential. These preventive treatments include, selective grinding and protection of the tubercle by pit and fissure sealant. When the tooth does shows signs of pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis, endodontic procedures are needed. Apexification and apexogenesis are usually the treatment of choice for the affected teeth which have immature apices. Apexogenesis is a vital pulp therapy procedure performed to encourage continued physiological development and formation of the root end. It involves removal of the inflamed pulp and the placement of calcium hydroxide on the remaining healthy pulp tissue. This case report describes an atypical apexogenesis of a mandibular premolar which showed to be a dens evaginatus. The tooth which was treated with calcium hydroxide shows good results and is planned for permanent root canal filling.

個人情報에 관한 法理의 再檢討

李敏榮 法務部 商事法務課 2005 선진상사법률연구 Vol.- No.30

사실상 현재 민간부문의 개인정보보호에 관한 일반법으로서 기능하고 있는 정보통신망이용촉진및정보보호등에관한법률의 규정은 자유로운 정보의 유통을 저해하고 산업의 활로를 억지할 수 있을 만큼 강력한 정부규제의 유럽식 규율태도를 견지하고 있다. 개인정보의 활용에 대하여 이처럼 엄격한 규율태도는 개인정보보호에 관한 기본법의 제정 논의에서도 그대로 유지되거나 오히려 해석상 모호한 규정을 가중하고 있어 정보활용의 측면에서 산업적 발전 기반과 개인정보보호의 근간을 조화롭게 구성해야 할 입법자의 책무를 다하지 못하고 있다는 비판에서 자유로울 수 없다고 볼 것이다. 이러한 시점에서 이 글에서는 그동안 논의된 개인정보보호의 법이론적 토대가 균형감이 결여된 가치관으로 경도되어 헌법합치적인 정보질서와 정보의 자유를 도외시하고 있었음을 지적하고자 한다. 이와 함께 공공부문과 민간부문에서의 개인정보보호 법리가 어떻게 다른지를 살펴봄으로써 현재 논의되고 있는 개인정보보호기본법의 제정 방향에 있어서도 재검토하는 계기를 학술적 측면에서 마련하려 하였다. Now in Korea Act on Promotion of Information and Communications Network Utilization and Information Protection, etc. is doing its function as a general law of protection of personal data in civil sector. But its regulations are too strong to activate information-flowing and develop the industry concerned. Such is based upon social value out of balance. This article shows how existing debate on personal information is partial to data protection to reestablish equilibrium of constitutional order in information for propriety of act on protection of personal data in general.

정보소외계층의 정보접근신장에 관한 법적 연구

이민영 한국정보사회진흥원 2006 정보화정책 Vol.13 No.1

인터넷 이용이 점차 보편화되고 그 활용범위가 확대됨에 따라, 장애인∙노인 등에 대하여는 그 보편적 접근이 실질적으로 보장되어야 할 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 정보의 형태나 전달방법 등이 점점 복잡하고 다양해짐에 따라 신체의 장애로 인해 정보접근의 기능을 제대로 수행하지 못하는 장애인에게는 정보격차가 또 다른 장애를 발생하게 하는 요인이 될 수 있으며, 고령사회로의 진입은 노인복지정책 가운데 정보화의 중요성을 배가시키고 있기 때문이다. 이와 같은 정보화의 환경적 변인에 대응하여 이른바 사회적 약자로 불리는 저소득자∙농어촌지역 주민∙장애인∙노령자∙여성 등에 대해 정보접근기회를 증진할 수 있도록 실질적 평등의 실현이라는 관점에서 규범적 정립이 이루어진 바, 지난 2001년 1월에 제정된 정보격차해소에관한법률이 바로 그것이다. 하지만 정보접근환경의 탄력적 조성이라는 쟁점을 포괄적으로 조율하기에는 2002년에 개정된 정보격차해소에관한법률 역시 역부족일 뿐만 아니라, 관련 규정이 개별법령에서 산재되어 있어 종합적으로 검토할 필요성이 제기된다. 본 논문은 이와 같은 문제의식을 반영하여 정보격차해소정책의 주요방안으로서 정보소외계층에게 부여되어야 할 정보접근기회가 증진될 수 있는 법제도적 개선책을 구체적으로 탐구한다.

청소년유해정보의 규제구조에 관한 행정법적 고찰

李敏榮 法務部 商事法務課 2006 선진상사법률연구 Vol.- No.36

The Seoul Administrative Court and Seoul High Court of Justice have addressed different opinions of the action for nullifying Harmful Information to luverdles decision of lCEC(Information Communication Ethics Committee). But Harmful Information to Juveniles is coming to be exposed, because the end judgement of Supreme Court does not come out. Apparently it is important that a corresponding medium scandal corpse charstteristic is yes or no, so that solution of substantial dispute should lean to a conclusive judgement. The Regulation on Harmful Information to luverdles as state affair is axomplished by ICECs dedsion through application of deliberative prescription as Directive which takes effect by notice of NYQNational Youth Commission). Consequently, the opinion that it has nature of administrative disposal is rational for relief of rights and interests according to the aim of Administrative litigation Act, on the ground that ICECs dedsion estimates harmfulness substantially at its own discretion. 정보통신은리위원회의 청소년유해정보결정에 대한 취소소송에서 서울행정법원과 서울고등법원은 다른 논리를 취하고 있다. 하지만 조속히 확정 판결이 나오지 않는 상황에서 대법원의 종국적 판단이 기다려지는 가운데 여전히 청소년유해정보가 노출되어지고 있다. 원심과 항소심에서 위 결정의 처분성으로 논란이 되고 있지만, 결국 중요한 것은 해당 매채물의 유해성 여부인 것이고 이를 본안심리에서 판단하지 아니하고 형식적인 요건에만 치우친 나머지 이론적 오류에 근거한 논리로써 실질적인 분쟁의 해결에는 적극적이지 못한 사법부의 태도는 바람직하다고 볼 수 없는 양태를 보이고 있다. 청소년유해정보에 대한 규제라는 국가사무는 위와 같은 결정이 핵심이 되는 것이지나 이는 자기완결적 행정 작용이 아니라 국가청소년위원회의 고시처분으로써 효력을 발생하는 것이며, 따라서 유해성 여부에 대한 판단은 유해정보의 결정에서 이루어진다는 점에 비추어 그 전체적 구조를 파악할 수 있다. 이에 따르면 청소년유해매체물 가운데 전기통신회선을 통해 제공되는 것은 청소년유해정보로서 이에 대한 실질적 판단은 보조기관인 사무처의 보조작용에 따라 구체적 법집행을 수행하는 정보통신부 소속 합의제행정기관인 정보통신윤리위원회의 심의로 결정되고 이것이 당사자가 다투려는 소송물이라 할 것이며, 행정기관인 정보통신윤리위원회는 재량권의 행사로 위 결정을 행하며 이에 대한 판단기준은 정보통신윤리심의규정 제5조 내지 제8조에 규정된 사항으로 그 자체는 대외적 구속력이 인정되지 않는 내부적 사무처리기준에 준하지만 이를 통해 발현되는 처분으로 인하여 행정소송이 제기되면 이를 매개로 사법부가 당해처분의 위법성 여부를 심사하게 되므로 간접적 법규성을 보유하는 이른바 재량준칙에 해당한다는 것이다.