A Multi-center Survey of HPV Knowledge and Attitudes Toward HPV Vaccination among Women, Government Officials, and Medical Personnel in China

Zhao, Fang-Hui,Tiggelaar, Sarah M.,Hu, Shang-Ying,Zhao, Na,Hong, Ying,Niyazi, Mayinuer,Gao, Xiao-Hong,Ju, Li-Rong,Zhang, Li-Qin,Feng, Xiang-Xian,Duan, Xian-Zhi,Song, Xiu-Ling,Wang, Jing,Yang, Yun,Li, Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.5

Objectives: To assess knowledge of HPV and attitudes towards HPV vaccination among the general female population, government officials, and healthcare providers in China to assist the development of an effective national HPV vaccination program. Methods: A cross-sectional epidemiologic survey was conducted across 21 urban and rural sites in China using a short questionnaire. 763 government officials, 760 healthcare providers, and 11,681 women aged 15-59 years were included in the final analysis. Data were analyzed using standard descriptive statistics and logistic regression. Results: Knowledge of HPV among the general female population was low; only 24% had heard of HPV. Less than 20% of healthcare providers recognized sexually na$\ddot{i}$ve women as the most appropriate population for HPV vaccination. There was high acceptance of the HPV vaccine for all categories of respondents. Only 6% of women were willing to pay more than US $300 for the vaccine. Conclusions: Aggressive education is necessary to increase knowledge of HPV and its vaccine. Further proof of vaccine safety and efficacy and government subsidies combined with increased awareness could facilitate development and implementation of HPV vaccination in China.

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

Computed Tomography Manifestations of Histologic Subtypes of Retroperitoneal Liposarcoma

Lu, Jing,Qin, Qin,Zhan, Liang-Liang,Yang, Xi,Xu, Qing,Yu, Jing,Dou, Li-Na,Zhang, Hao,Yang, Yan,Chen, Xiao-Chen,Yang, Yue-Hua,Cheng, Hong-Yan,Sun, Xin-Chen Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.15

Objective: Liposarcoma (LPS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma and accounts for approximately 20% of all mesenchymal malignancies, often occurring in deep soft tissue of retroperitoneal space. Accurate preoperative diagnosis is therefore necessary. We explored whether computed tomography (CT) could be used to differentiate between the various types of retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RPLS). Method: Forty-seven cases of RPLS, diagnosed surgically and histologically, were analyzed retrospectively. CT features were correlated with postoperative pathological appearance. Results: The study radiologist identified 29, 11, 2, 2 and 3 RPLS as atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma (ALT/WDL), dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDL), myxoid/round cell liposarcoma (ML/RCL), pleomorphic liposarcoma (PL) and mixed-type liposarcoma. Analysis of CT scans revealed the following typical findings of the different subtypes of RPLS: ALT/WDL was mainly visible as a well-delineated fatty hypodense tumor with uniform density and integrity margin; DDL was marked by the combination of focal nodular density and hypervascularity. ML/RCL, PL and mixed liposarcoma showed malignant biological behaviour and CT findings need further studies. Conclusions: CT scanning can reveal important details including internal components, margins and surrounding tissues. Based on CT findings, tumor type can be roughly evaluated and biopsy location and therapeutic scheme guided.

Fabrication of magnetically recyclable ZrO2-TiO2/CoFe2O4 hollow core/shell photocatalysts: Improving photocatalytic efficiency under sunlight irradiation

Hong-xia Jing,Jing Huang,Na Li,Long-xiang Li,Jingyue Zhang 한국화학공학회 2019 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.36 No.4

TiO2 is an important material for photocatalytic oxidation to degrade organic pollutants, but its utilization under visible light is low, recovery is difficult, and stability is poor. We prepared ZrO2-TiO2/CoFe2O4 (Zr-Ti/Co) photocatalyst with hollow core-shell structure by sol-gel method and layer-by-layer self-assembly method with tetrabutyl titanate and Zirconium n-butoxide as main raw materials. The samples were characterized and analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), solid ultraviolet visible diffuse reflection (UV-Vis DRS), fluorescence (FL), ultraviolet visible absorption (UV), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). It is concluded that the TiO2 maintains a good anatase phase structure in the Zr-Ti-Co photocatalyst. Under UV light and sunlight, the degradation rate of the photocatalyst reached 96.1% and 99.7% for 60 min, respectively, for Rhodamine B (10mg/L) reaction system. And after repeated use for five times, it still showed better regeneration and reuse.

β-Agarase Gene from a Marine Bacterium, Pseudoalteromonas sp. JT-6: Cloning, Expression and Enzymatic Properties

Jing Wu,Hyun-Mi Dae,Hwa-Young Kwon,Na-Ri Song,Kyoung-Sook Kim,Young-Choon Lee 한국생명과학회 2008 한국생명과학회 심포지움 Vol.49 No.-

Control Design for Stochastic Nonlinear Systems with Full-state Constraints and Input Delay: A New Adaptive Approximation Method

Na Li,Yu-Qun Han,Wen-Jing He,Shan-Liang Zhu 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.8

In this paper, the full state constraints and input delay of stochastic nonlinear systems are studied. A new adaptive control algorithm is proposed using backstepping approach and multi-dimensional Taylor network (MTN) method. Firstly, the input delay problem is dealt with by introducing a new variable using the Padé approximation with Laplace transform. Secondly, MTNs are employed to approximate unknown nonlinear functions, and the barrier Lyapunov functions (BLFs) are constructed to deal with the state constraints. Based on this, a new approximation-based adaptive controller is proposed. Thirdly, it is proved that the proposed control method can ensure that all signals in the closed-loop system are semi-global ultimately uniformly bounded (SGUUB) in probability and the tracking error converges to a small neighborhood of the origin. Finally, two simulation examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design method.

EVOLUTION OF RELATIVE MAGNETIC HELICITY AND CURRENT HELICITY IN NOAA ACTIVE REGION 11158

Jing, Ju,Park, Sung-Hong,Liu, Chang,Lee, Jeongwoo,Wiegelmann, Thomas,Xu, Yan,Deng, Na,Wang, Haimin IOP Publishing 2012 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS - Vol.752 No.1

<P>Both magnetic and current helicities are crucial ingredients for describing the complexity of active-region magnetic structure. In this Letter, we present the temporal evolution of these helicities contained in NOAA active region 11158 during five days from 2011 February 12 to 16. The photospheric vector magnetograms of the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board the Solar Dynamic Observatory were used as the boundary conditions for the coronal field extrapolation under the assumption of nonlinear force-free field, from which we calculated both relative magnetic helicity and current helicity. We construct a time-altitude diagram in which altitude distribution of the magnitude of current helicity density is displayed as a function of time. This diagram clearly shows a pattern of upwardly propagating current helicity density over two days prior to the X2.2 flare on February 15 with an average propagation speed of similar to 36 m s(-1). The propagation is synchronous with the emergence of magnetic flux into the photosphere, and indicative of a gradual energy buildup for the X2.2 flare. The time profile of the relative magnetic helicity shows a monotonically increasing trend most of the time, but a pattern of increasing and decreasing magnetic helicity above the monotonic variation appears prior to each of two major flares, M6.6 and X2.2, respectively. The physics underlying this bump pattern is not fully understood. However, the fact that this pattern is apparent in the magnetic helicity evolution but not in the magnetic flux evolution makes it a useful indicator in forecasting major flares.</P>

Interactive Animation Paradigm on the basis of Interactive Storytelling

Na Hyun Cho,Jing Deok Kim 한국디자인지식학회 2007 한국디자인지식학회 Conference Vol.2007 No.8

Nowadays children who have called digital native generation get into disperse and non-linear thought prior to text based though. Despite of change of children’s way of thinking, current TV animations still focus on one-way storytelling. On the other hand, on-line computer fames introduce interactivity making full use of features of media and induce children to intervene actively. This makes game succeed to secure children users. Story in game progresses based on interactive storytelling. Glassner(2004) classified hypertext structure to branching narratives, bulging tree, latticed branching narratives and complete graph with 9 point. The first interactive animation game in Korea, ‘Mutajuice’ can be categorized to branching narratives by letting player select next story at the input point. Adventure game, ‘Myst’ which published in 1993 can be classified to bulging tree. The story starts on one point and finishes on the limited ending after passing diverse path of stories. Howevern ‘Mutajuice’ couldn’t get public’s interest due to break of linear storytelling. In the case of ‘Myst’, it needs more dynamics by introducing features of animation and film. Therefore we can propese new interactive animation form based on these two case studies. It would be that by introducing the opportunity to select player’s own character like online game, it has player identify them to characters. In addition, the story begins from different start point and unfolds the related story according to a selected character and it finishes at the fixed ending point.

The Long Run Effect of China’s Higher Education Expansion on the Unemployment of Universities and Colleges Graduates

Jing Chen(진정),Jeongmin Park(박정민),Sanggyun Na(나상균) 한국산업경제학회 2019 산업경제연구 Vol.32 No.1

고등 교육의 규모를 확대하기 위해 중국 정부는 1999년부터 고등 교육 확대 정책을 시행했다. 이에 따른 결과로 1999년에는 중국의 대학 입학 학생 수가 40 % 이상 증가했다. 본 연구의 목적은 중국의 고등 교육 확대 정책에 따라 대학 졸업자와 전문대 졸업생(UGCG)의 증가와 실업률과의 관계를 분석하여 이를 통해 중국 대학생의 실업에 대한 정책적 대안을 제시하는 것이다. 본 연구는 1999년부터 2017년까지 자료를 사용하여 UGCG의 실업에 대한 확대 정책의 효과를 분석하였다. 통계분석 분석 방법은 MTSA(Multivariate Time Series Analysis)프로그램을 사용하여 분석하였다. 분석결과, 중국의 고등교육 확대 정책에 따른 결과로 젊은 대학 졸업자들의 실업률이 급격히 상승한 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 UGCG의 실업률은 지역 및 가족 소득과 상관관계가 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 이는 중국의 고등교육 확대하는 양질의 일자리보다 과대한 대학생의 졸업으로 인하여 대학 졸업자와 일자리의 불균형의 문제에 기인한 것이다. 따라서 중국은 고등교육확대에 따른 실업률을 감소시키기 위해서는 국가 차원에서 교육의 질을 높이고, 양질의 일자를 창출하는 것이 대학 졸업생의 실업률을 감소시킬 수 있는 정책적 대안으로 제시할 수 있다. In order to increase the number of higher education, Chinese government carried out the higher education expansion policy from 1999. After 18 years of China’s higher education expansion policy, The conclusion about the relationship between unemployment rate of long-term among Universities graduates and College graduates (UGCG) and higher education expansion policy is still unknown. The approach of Multivariate Time Series Analysis (MTSA) was employed as a model with data sets from 1999 to 2017 to investigate the long run effect of China’s higher education expansion on the UGCG. Then using augmented Dickey Fuller Test to fit estimates and verified the model. We find that China"s expansion policy has sharply increased the unemployment rate among young college graduates in the long run. On the other hand, We also noticed that the unemployment rate for UGCG has relationship with regions and family income. The result indicates that the Chinese government should reduce the number of enrolment and increase the employment rate of students. We suggest that encouraging regional mobility of UGCG and increasing matching quality can potentially reduce the unemployment rate at the national level.

Interactive Animation Paradigm on the basis of Interactive Storytelling

Na Hyun Cho,Jing Deok Kim (사)한국디지털디자인협의회 2007 (사)한국디지털디자인협의회 conference Vol.2007 No.1

Nowadays children who have called digital native generation get into disperse and non-linear thought prior to text based though. Despite of change of children's way of thinking, current TV animations still focus on one-way storytelling. On the other hand, on-line computer fames introduce interactivity making full use of features of media and induce children to intervene actively. This makes game succeed to secure children users. Story in game progresses based on interactive storytelling. Glassner(2004) classified hypertext structure to branching narratives, bulging tree, latticed branching narratives and complete graph with 9 point. The first interactive animation game in Korea,'Mutajuice' can be categorized to branching narratives by letting player select next story at the input point. Adventure game,'Myst' which published in 1993 can be classified to bulging tree. The story starts on one point and finishes on the limited ending after passing diverse path of stories. Howevern'Mutajuice' couldn't get public's interest due to break of linear storytelling. In the case of'Myst', it needs more dynamics by introducing features of animation and film. Therefore we can propese new interactive animation form based on these two case studies. It would be that by introducing the opportunity to select player's own character like online game, it has player identify them to characters. In addition, the story begins from different start point and unfolds the related story according to a selected character and it finishes at the fixed ending point.