정상 한국인에서 연령증가에 따른 혈장 Dehydroepiandrosteronesulfate ( DHEA-S ) 농도 및 DHEA - S / cortisol 비의 변화

박성우,유형준,임성희,최문기,유재명,박민숙,이권엽,박철수,김철홍,김현규,김두만,박규용 대한내분비학회 1997 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.12 No.2

Backgroud: DHEA-S is the most abundant steroid hormone in circulation, and primarily secreted from the adrenal cortex, but its physiological role is little known. One of the characteristic features of DHEA-S is progressive decrement of plasma DHEA-S level with advancing age, in contrast, plasma levels of other adrenal hormones are not chaging or littie decreasing. To grasp the trends of plasma DHEA-S level and DHEA-S/cortisol ratio by age in healthy Korean, we measured the plasma DHEA-S levels and DHEA-S/cortisol ratios in healthy Korean. Methods: Healthy Korean(men: 99, women: 102, age range: 15-97 year old)were studied. Subjects were not taking drugs(such as glucocorticoid or androgenic medication) or cigarettes known to modify the plasma level of DHEA-S and cortisol, and had no evidence of hepatic, renal disease or hyperlipidemia as determined by serum lipid, bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT, BUN, creatinine. Data were analyzed by 10-year age group for men and women: i.e, 10-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40- 49, 50-59, 60-69, 70-79, 80-89 and 90 year or more. Plasma DHEA-S levels were measured by using a commercially available RIA kit with 125I labeled-DHEA-SO4(Coat-A Count DHEA-SO4), and for the measurement of plasma cortisol levels, commercial Gamma Coat TM[125I] Cortisol Radioimmunassay Kit was used. Results:. 1) In both men and women, plasma DHEA-S level showed high interindividual variation within the same age group. 2) There were individual sex differences in plasma levels of DHEA-S, in all age groups, plasma DHEA-S levels were significantly higher values for men than for women. 3) Maximum plasma DHEA-S levels(men; 237+-3.35 ug/dL, women; 108+-17.5 ug/dL) were at third decade in both men and women. 4) Both men and women showed the continuous decline in plasma DHEA-S level with age. These age-related decline was more prominent in men than in women(men; y= -3.152 * +292.6, r2= 0.8459, P$lt;0.05, women; y= -1.417 * +143.3, r2 = 0.7278, P$lt; 0.05). 5) As an index of aging, there was no stastical difference between DHEA-S and DHEA- S/cortisol ratio. Conclusion: In healthy Korean, there were high interindividual variation of plasrna DHEA-S levels. In both men and women plasma DHEA-S level was peak at third decade, and from when it declined progressively with age. These results suggest that although the reliability of single plasma DHEA-S measurement are limited, the decline of DHEA-S with advancing age might be a specific marker of endocrinologic hormonal milieu(aging index). Also, concerning to individual adrenal secreting capacity, we measured DHEA-S/cortisol ratio. But we did not found that plasma DHEA-S/cortisol ratio is superior to the plasma DHEA-S level as an aging index. (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 12:245-254, 1997)

The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson에서 정체성의 문제

이재만 ( Lee¸ Jae-man ) 현대영미어문학회 1998 현대영미어문학 Vol.16 No.2

This novel is the story of a young man’s mistaken identity. He thinks he is white, but is in reality colored, and he is heir to wealth without knowing his claim is false. He lives as a free man, but is legally a slave. When he learns ― a true fact about himself, he comes to ruin not through the knowledge of his physical status, but through the weakness belonging to both races. The psychological twins in this novel are switched identities, mistaken identities, and foils. Thomas a Becket Driscoll and Chambre de Valet are switched identities, and so they are naturally mistaken ones at the same time. David Wilson and Roxy are mistaken identities and they also become foils to each other. In fact, the false Tom is a foil to David Wilson, not to Chambers. Like this, the major characters of the novel are interrelated with each other. The fictional and conventional injurious effects of the slavery which represented largely centering around the life and consciousness of Roxy, Tom and Chambers falls to the white masters as well as the negro slaves. The slaves lead a forced and implanted lives instead of their own, which results in the loss of their self-interest and even self-identity amid the mire of fictious institutional fetters. The Psychological twins’ effort of trying to discover their true identities all come to end in a nightmare. Such result is specially notable in Mark Twain’s later novels through his deepening pessimism in his later years. His conclusion may be that man’s true identity cannot be found and held up in the social situation of “damned human race” in which there prevail the acquisitiveness of the Gilded Age, race prejudice, hypocritical view of religion, man’s cruelty with each other, neo-aristocracy, and miscegenation.

The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson에서 정체성의 문제

이재만 현대영미어문학회 1999 현대영미어문학 Vol.16 No.2

This novel is the story of a young man's mistaken identity. He thinks he is white, but is in reality colored, and he is heir to wealth without knowing his claim is false. He lives as a free man, but is legally a slave. When he learns - a true fact about himself, he comes to ruin not through the knowledge of his physical status, but through the weakness belonging to both races. The psychological twins in this novel are switched identities, mistaken identities, and foils. Thomas a Becket Driscoll and Chambre de Valet are switched identities, and so they are naturally mistaken ones at the same time. David Wilson and Roxy are mistaken identities and they also become foils to each other. In fact, the false Tom is a foil to David Wilson, not to Chambers. Like this, the major characters of the novel are interrelated with each other. The fictional and conventional injurious effects of the slavery which represented largely centering around the life and consciousness of Roxy, Tom and Chambers falls to the white masters as well as the negro slaves. The slaves lead a forced and implanted lives instead of their own, which results in the loss of their self-interest and even self-identity amid the mire of fictious institutional fetters. The Psychological twins' effort of trying to discover their true identities all come to end in a nightmare. Such result is specially notable in Mark Twain's later novels through his deepening pessimism in his later years. His conclusion may be that man's true identity cannot be found and held up in the social situation of "damned human race" in which there prevail the acquisitiveness of the Gilded Age, race prejudice, hypocritical view of religion, man's cruelty with each other, neo-aristocracy, and miscegenation.

Incisional Hernia in Adult Liver Transplant Recipients

( Ji Soo Lee ),( Kyeong Sik Kim ),( Chan Woo Cho ),( Kyo Won Lee ),( Gyu-seoung Choi ),( Jong Man Kim ),( Choon Hyuck David Kwon ),( Jae-won Joh ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: Incisional hernia is one of the complication following abdominal operation. Patients undergoing liver transplantation have a high risk of developing an incisional hernia because of immunosuppression. The purpose of this study is to review incisional hernia cases after liver transplantation and to identify the risk factors for hernia formation. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed the medical records of the ninety-four incisional hernia patients after liver transplant recipients from January 2000 to December 2015 in single center institution. Results: 1463 underwent adult liver transplantation during the study period. 94 Incisional hernia patients were found among them. The overall incisional hernia rate was 6.4 %. Mean age was 54 years old and 76.6 % were men. No significant difference was observed for sex, diagnosis, smoking, alcohol, albumin, Child-Pugh score, MELD score, intensive care unit stay, hepatorenal syndrome, ventilator, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, diabetes, bile leakage, wound problems between patients with incisional hernia and patients without incisional hernia. The characteristics of patients with incisional hernia showed old recipient, more body weight, higher body mass index, living donor recipient compared with patients without incisional hernia. Hypertension, tuberculosis, rejection, postoperative complication event before hernia were significant risk factor (p<0.05). Conclusions: Present study identifies the risk factors for incisional hernia. Surgeons should strive to reduce the risk of incisional hernia after adult liver transplantation.

누에의 軟化病에 關한 硏究 : Ⅰ. Identification and pathogenicity of etiologic agent 제1보 原因菌의 分離同定과 病原性에 對하여

李載窪,趙成萬 全南大學校 農漁村開發硏究所 1978 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.13 No.-

軟化病蠶에서 分離된 菌의 生物化學的 性狀과 누에에 대한 病原性試驗結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1. 分離菌의 形態, 培養性狀 및 生物化學的 性狀檢査 結果 Bacillus thringiensis의 性狀과 大體로 一致하였다. 2. 分離菌은 病原性이 確認되었으며 特히 培養菌의 生理的 食鹽水浮遊液添食區가 斃死率이 가장 높았고 分離菌의 斃死까지의 期間은 齡이 增加할수록 길어졌으며 斃死率은 4, 3, 5齡 順으로 높은 것으로 觀察되었다. The biochsmical characteristics of the isolated bacteria from silkworms infected with Flacherie and its pathogenicity were examined. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The biochemical characteristics of isolated bacteria were almost similar to the characteristics of Bacillus thuringiensis. 2. The pathgenicity of the isolated bacteria was recognized and the ratio of dead to alive number of silkworms was remarkably highest in the mulberry leaves fed with saline-suspension. The incubation-psriod of pathogenic agent was highly extended with the instar advanced and the ratio of dead to alive number of silkworms was higher in the order of 4th instar>3rd>5th.

速力槪念의 形成에 關한 硏究

李在萬 群山敎育大學 1976 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

J. Piaget, contrary to kant, states that the children's earliest intuition of speed is based on a primitive intuition of preceding. For instance, the children at the pre-operational stage, solve speed problems by observing which moving object caught up with the other. In the case that children can not judge which one was passed, they judge speed from observing which one entered the goal first or which one went further. Children can explain an operational relations hip between the distance traveled and the time taken in order to solve speed problems at the concrete operational stage(from 7-8 to 11-12 years) with the developments of logical thinking [1]. There is, however, some evidence that the piaget's theory is insufficient, because the children's earliest intuition of speed in daily life. The problems lie in the fact that piaget failed to notice this point. We therefore employed the instantaneous velocity(in other words, differential velocity)by demonstrating visual display(that will be described later) to the children at the pre-operational stage. As is generally known, the concept of the instantaneous velocity is more fundamental than that of average speed acquired by the logical operation(distance÷duration) in physics. When children acquire the concept of differential velocity, which may be one of the initial intuitions, then they would be able to correctly answer the problem on speed. One fundamental hypothesis was proposed as follows. The children can acquire the concept of differential velocity based on initial intuition by means of the demonstrating a visual speed, and correctly answer the questions which can not be solved only by the conception of preceding or overtaking. The children's earliest by Piaget, but also that of instantaneous velocity(differential velocity). The concept of differential velocity first introduced by Newton is more fundamental and important than the concept of speed as the distance-time ratios by the logical operation. In this case, a scientific idea of speed can fundamentally correspond to children's recognition. Furthermore, the children acquiring the concept of velocity can correctly explain the relationship among distance, time and space, without depending merely on the logical thinking emphasized by Piaget.

Fabry perot Interometer를 通한 氣體의 屈折率 測定에 關한 光學的 硏究

李在萬 군산대학교 1980 論文集 Vol.1 No.-

In this study I wish to measure precisely the index of refraction of an air and at first I make an experiment using a Fabry-perot interferometer for mercury lamp and then the light source is replaced mercury lamp by He-Ne LASER beam source.The spacer i.e.the air film between Fabry-Perot etalons (flat:¼λ, reflectance:80%)was adjusted 2 ㎜ to 3㎜ so that the circular interference fringes were formed most sharp and contrasts for two light sources. The data obtained from the measurements: the number of fringes moving past the photo-multiplier slit when the air is leaked into the vacuum chamber containing the Fabry-perot with plates, NHe-Ne is 8.5 for He-Ne LASER beam source and NHg is 17.0 for mercury lamp and the change in wavelength which corresponds to a shift of one fringe, △ λHg is 0.1000879 Å/fringe for mercury lamp and △ λHe-Ne is 0.1825702 Å/fringe for He-Ne LASER beam source. The measured index of refraction of an air, nHe-Ne is 1.0002452 for He-Ne LASER beam source and nHg is 1.0003116 for mercury lamp.

各國 會計制度에 관한 比較硏究 : 美國, 西獨, 프랑스, 韓國

李勉榮,金喆鎬,李聖淳,朴範鎬,宋在萬 弘益大學校 1977 弘大論叢 Vol.9 No.-

One of the new trends in today's world economy is the emergence of increasing actviities of multinational corporations throughtout the world. The total number of foreign investors in Korea for the periods between 1962 and 1976 reaches almost one thousand, while their total value during the same period nearly approaches one billion in U.S. dollars. As their business activities extended beyond their national boundaries in various forms of foreign investment, it has become necessary to gather pertinent accounting information from foreign countries and to convey it to them as needed for the successful conduct of their world-wide business activities. The method of accounting has evolved over a long period of time as a practical technique in a specific context based on their own peculiar settings involving language, law, culture, politics, social and economic factors and the like. It is important, therefore, to understand the accounting systems of foreign countries which contain their respective accounting information so that the useful accounting information can be exchanged between these countries. It is with this objec ivetin view that the accounting systems of U.S., West Germany, France and Korea have been studied in this treatise. Chapter Ⅱ examines their legal rules and regulations on accounting, accounting standards, system, accounting theory and special problems arising from its practical applications. The main characteristics of their accounting systems are analysed and compared with one another in Chapter Ⅲ. The accounting system in the United States has developed from the stand point of investors and managers in line with the regulations set by the Security Exchange Commission (SEC) and under the leading opinions of the American Association of Accounting (AAA) and the American Institute of Certified Public Account (AICPA). In France it was developed and understood from the requirments of national economy, while closely regulated by the Law of Corporation and the Plan Comptable. Germany has developed its accounting system under its Law of Commerce which traditionally stresses the protection of an innocent third party. The development of accounting system in Korea has been unique in that its Law of Commerce was heavily influenced by the German Law of Commerce which is a part of the European continental legal system, while its Law of Security Exchange and it's accounting standards which directly affecting the practices of accounting affairs are under the direct influence of the American accounting system. As has been shown above, the accounting systems of these countries have developed in their unique fashion depending upon their own peculiar environments. However, it should be pointed out that it is the result of research conducted by the AAA and AIPCA which exerts the leading influenced upon the accounting practices of the world. In view of the recent move among the countries of the world to unify their accounting systems, it is hoped that this study will help to facilitate the conduct of international business activities throughout the world.

非品質 As₂S₃光添加 銀膜層의 電氣抵抗 變化의 測定

李在萬 群山大學校基礎科學硏究所 1992 基礎科學硏究 Vol.7 No.-

This study introduces a new method-measurement of the electrical resistance of Ag layer-a function of the guantity of the Ag photodissolved to study the kinetics of the Photodissolution of Ag in amorphous As₂S₃. We have concluded from our kinetics data that the electrical resistance i.e. Photodissolution of Ag in As₂S₃is composed of two independent processes. First, as the dominant process in what we have referred to as stage 1, there is an accumulation of radiation damage in the As₂S₃. This can even be accomplished by pre-illumination of the As₂S₃prior to deposition of the Ag layer. It is natural to associate this process with the many observations of photo-darkening/Photo-bleaching in As₂S₃. These effects appear to be combinations of atomic rearrangements and charge trapping. Whatever this radiation damage may be, the fact that the photodissolution exhibits an induction period shows that there is a certain minimum damage required before the Ag can dissolve into the As₂S₃. The second process, which dominates what we have referred to as stage 2, procedures a constant photodissolution rate. We can sum up our conclusion concerning the photodissolution mechanisms as, first there must be critical accumulation of radiation damage. Then, light can assist the Ag atom to cross the interfacial activation barrier by either of two processes s:photo-assisted jump or activation barrier lowering. As far as our experiments could resolve, the illuminations have the same wavelengths in photodoping.

Mixer-settler를 이용한 용매추출로 에칭폐액로부터 철과 니켈의 분리

이만승,이경주,이진영,안재우,오영주 대한금속재료학회 2004 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.42 No.12

Solvent extraction and stripping experiments were conducted to separate iron from a spent FeC13 etching solution containing nickel. In the operation of mixer-settler, 7 extraction stages with 1.0 M Alamine336 in toluene, led to 98% extraction percentage of iron at equal phase ratio, when the flow rate of organic and aqueous were 35 mL/min and 5 mL/min, respectively. At equal phase ratio of aqueous to organic, 10 stripping stages with 0.01 M HC1 solution resulted in 99% stripping percentage of iron when the flow rate of stripping solution and loaded organic were 5 mL/min and 35 mL/min, respectively. The concentration of iron in the stripped solution was 133 g/L and this solution could be reused in the etching of nickel lead frame. (Received June 15, 2004)