Induction of heme oxygenase-1 protects against podocyte apoptosis under diabetic conditions

Lee, Sang Choel,Han, Seung Hyeok,Li, Jin Ji,Lee, Sun Ha,Jung, Dong-Sub,Kwak, Seung-Jae,Kim, Seung Hye,Kim, Dong Ki,Yoo, Tae-Hyun,Kim, Jin Hyun,Chang, Se-Ho,Han, Dae Suk,Kang, Shin-Wook International Society of Nephrology 2009 Kidney international Vol.76 No.8

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an anti-oxidant enzyme normally upregulated in response to oxidant injury. Here we determined the role of HO-1 in podocyte apoptosis in glomeruli of streptozotocin-treated rats and in immortalized mouse podocytes cultured in media containing normal or high glucose. HO-1 expression, its activity, the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 protein, and active caspase-3 fragments were all significantly higher in isolated glomeruli of diabetic rats and in high glucose–treated podocytes. These increases were inhibited by zinc protoporphyrin treatment of the rats or by HO-1 siRNA treatment of the podocytes in culture. The number of apoptotic cells was also significantly increased in the glomeruli of diabetic rats and in high glucose–treated podocytes. Inhibition of HO-1 accentuated the increase in apoptotic cells both in vivo and in vitro. Our findings suggest that HO-1 expression protects against podocyte apoptosis under diabetic conditions.

Coevaporation에 의한 cd₁-xZn_(x)S 박막 제작 및 특성에 관한 연구

李載亨,李虎烈,朴鏞冠,申成浩,申載爀,朴光子 성균관대학교 1998 학술회의지원논문목록집 Vol.1998 No.-

In this paper, structural optical and electrical properties of Cd_(1-x)Zn_(x)S thin films prepared by coevaporation method were studied. Also, effects of ZnS mole ratio(x) to CdS on properties of thin film Cd_(1-x)Zn_(x)S/CdTe solar cells were investigated. When the ZnS mole ratio was less than 0.85, the crystal structure of Cd_(1-x)Zn_(x)S films was hexagonal with the c axis aligned perpendicular to the substrate. For x>0.85, however, the Cd_(1-x)Zn_(x)S films were grown with cubic zincblende structire. As the ZnS mole ratio increased the lattice constant of Cd_(1-x)Zn_(x)S films rapidly increased with ZnS mole ratio. The open circuit voltage of Cd₁xZnxS/CdTe solar cells increased with x due to reducing of the electron affinity difference between Cd₁xZnxS and CdTe films. However, the increase of series resistance due to the high resistivity of Cd_(1-x)Zn_(x)S films results on reducing conversion efficiency.

사례 기반 학습을 이용한 지능형 판매 지원 에이전트 시스템의 설계 및 구현

신하철,김재호,김기태 중앙대학교정보통신연구소 2000 정보통신연구소논문집 Vol.2 No.1

전자 카탈로그를 이용한 인터넷 정보의 접근은 일반화되고 있지만 수많은 정보의양과 다양성 때문에 고객이 원하는 효율적인 상품 검색을 방해하는 원인이 되고 있다. 또한 수시로 변경되는 상품 카탈로그를 처음 접근하는 고객이 원하는 상품 정보를 찾아내기란 쉬운 일이 아니다. 이러한 문제점들의 가장 근복적인 이유는 전문적인 상품 카탈로그가 다양한 속성들로 되어 있기 때문에 각 고객의 관심분야와 검색 습관은 같은 고객의 요구사항을 기존의 웹 브라우저만을 이용하여 만족시키지 못한데 기인된다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 사례 기반 학습 개념을 이용하여 각 고객의 관심 분야를 반영하고 고객 편의의 정보검색을 도와주는 지능형 판매 지원 시스템(Intelligence Sales support Agent System, ISAS)을 설계하였다. Although the access of internet information is generalized using electronic catalog, because of the number of amount and variety of information, the customers can't effectively search the merchandise that they need. Also it is difficult searching the merchandise information that the customer need, if they access merchandise catalog first. The reason of this problem is that the existing web browser is not satisfied the customer's requirement like their interests and search habits, because professional merchandise catalogs consist of variable attributes. In this paper, we designed Intelligence Sales support Agent System that reflects the customer's interests and assists the effective information search using case-based reasoning, to solve this problem.

三天地의 環境과 生物多樣性 : I. Enviornmental Factors and Flora I. 環境要因과 植物相에 關하여

신상천,이종운,배규호,전재인,강경화 嶺南大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1992 基礎科學硏究 Vol.12 No.-

Environmental factors and phytological aspects of Samchunimpoundment in Kyongsan, Kyongpook were studied. 40 quadrats in 4 sites had 94% herbaceous cover, 31% shrub cover and 18% tree cover. Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior, Metaplexis japonica, Erigeron annuus, Humulus Japonicus, Eragrostis ferruginea, Artemisia princeps var. orientalis were dominant herbaceous species and found cultivated plants of Hordeumn vulgare var. hexastichon, Prunus persica, Morus alba and neophytes of Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior, Erigeron canadensis, Erigeron annuus, Ailanthus altissima, Bidens bipinnata, Lactuca indica var. laciniata, Robinia pseudo-acacia, oenothera odorata, Euphobia maculata. The investigated sites were divided into 4 patterns based on the vegetation with high difference level and Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior, Medicago sativa, Setaria viridis, Metaplexis japonica, Humulus japonicus, Calystegia japonica, Forsythia koreana, Lsctuca indica var. laciniata were different species group. More than 90% on the surface area of water mass covered with Nelumbo nucifera, Marsilea quadrifolia and Typha angustata and distributed Hydrilla verticillata, Ceratophyllum demersum, Trypa pseudo-incisa, Myriophyllum spicatum under water. Average data of environmental factor analysis are as followings; air temperature 25.8℃, ph 6.77, total hardness 117.94㎎/ℓ, SS 4.5㎎/ℓ,Do 3.3㎎/ℓ,BOD 6.6㎎/ℓ,COD 7.2㎎/ℓ,cl- 17.56㎎/ℓ,?? 7.14㎎/ℓ,Mn 0.05㎎/ℓ, Zn 0.04㎎/ℓ. Total quality of impoundment water were heavily polluted and were quality class Ⅳ.

동하중을 받는 FRAME 구조물의 확률유한요소해석 및 신뢰성해석

신재철,김진홍,정인수,한성호 충남대학교 산업기술연구소 2003 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.18 No.1

Most dynamic systems have various random properties in excitation and system parameters. Therefore, in this paper, reliability analysis for structural response is proposed fro the linear dynamic system with random properties in both excitation and system parameters. The system parameters and responses with random properties are modeled by the perturbation technique. A displacement and bending moment of frame structure is acquired in Stochastic Finite Element Method Program(SFEMP) and Dynamic Stochastic Finite Element Method Program(DSFEMP) using perturbation method, and Direct Monte Carlo Simulation Program(DMCSP) is used to verify and compare previous results. Comparing outputs of SFEMP and DSFEMP with them of DMCSP, it show that they are similar to each other. Also DMCSP need much time to analyze a complicated structure, but SFEMP and DSFEMP can reduce quite time. In this study, it is assumed that excitations, system parameters and response are Gaussian. The results of response for the analysis are compared to those of numerical simulation. Also the probability of failure are calculated for using Advanced First Order Second Moment(AFOSM) of the general reliability analysis method.

대형 화재로 인한 사상자의 손상 유형과 합병증 : 동인천 라이브호프 화재를 중심으로

신중호,김재광,염석란,신종환,민순식,임용수,양혁준,이근,황성연 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.3

Background: High risks of fire alway exist for buildings in urban areas, especially those in downtown. Crowds, as well as more complex and larger structures, may cause more victims in the event of fire; therefore, emergency medical service plans must be established for such disastrous events. Methods: On the evening of October 30,1999, a fire broke out in downtown, Dong-Incheon Live-Hof restaurant; 56 people were killed and 76 were injured. Most of them were teenagers. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of the victims, Results: 1) Among the 56 dead, 54 died from smoke inhalation, one from extensive burns, and one from sepsis during treatment. 2) Among the 76 injured, 70 patients suffered from smoke inhalation, 53 from burns, and 9 from several types of trauma (sprains, contusions, lacerations, abrasions, fractures, etc.). 3) Later complications were laryngeal edema, pulmonary edema, scar contracture, and hypoxic brain damage, and so forth. 4) Post traumatic stress syndrome was unexpectedly more prevalent in mildly to moderately injured survivors and witnesses than in seriously injured survivors. Conclusion: Many complications exist after a fire. Some may be resolved in time, but others may result in permanent sequelae. Early rescue, early triage, and early management during transport by emergency medical service (EMS) personnel can result in fewer complications and a lower mortality rate. Therefore, we propose the establishment of plans to be followed during various major disasters.

쇄골두개 이형성증 환아의 치아발육이상

이제호,신은영,최병재,손흥규 대한소아치과학회 2001 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.28 No.1

쇄골두개 이형성증(Cleidocranial Dysplasia)은 autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia로 쇄골의 부재, 두개골 봉합지연 및 치아이상의 특징을 갖는 질환이다. 치아이상 중에 유치열 발달은 정상인데 반해 영구치 맹출 실패가 가장 특징적인 소견이며 다수의 과잉치의 존재, 치아형태이상과 치근형태이상 등이 존재한다. 영구치의 지연 혹은 맹출 부전의 원인으로 (1) 다수의 과잉치 존재, (2) cellular cementum이 없는 기형적 치근형태, (3) 악골의 높은 골밀도, (4) 유치와 골의 비정상적 흡수를 들 수 있으며 저하된 골대사가 주원인이며 두 번째로 다수의 과잉치의 존재를 들 수 있다. 이의 치료방법은 더 많은 치아 맹출의 환경조성을 위한 교정치료, 외과적 처치 및 보철적 수복이 필요하다. 본 증례는 쇄골두개 이형성증으로 진단받은 7세 10개월 여 환아로 영구치 미맹출을 주소로 본원에 내원하였다. 임상구강검사에서 유치의 만기잔존, 악궁의 협착, 전치부 반대교합과다수의 치아우식증이 관찰되었으며 악골의 방사선사진에서 유치의 만기잔존 및 상하악에 다수의 과잉치가 관찰되었고 두부방사선사진에서 미폐쇄된 봉합과 봉간골(wormian bone)이 관찰 되었으며 흥부방사선사진에서 쇄골의 부재가 보였다. 이 환아의 성장에 따른 치열 발달을 이해하고 시기에 따른 적절한 치과적 처치에 대해서 본 증례에서 보고하는 바이다. Cleidocranial Dysplasia(CCD) is an autosomal dominant human bone disease characterized by abnormal clavicles, patent sutures and fontanelles, and dental anomalies. Among dental anomalies, it is characterized that permanent dentition is severly disturbed due to multiple supernumerary teeth and abnormalities of tooth morphology. A eight-year-old female patient diagnosed as cleidocranial dysplasia visited in our hospital. Upon clinical oral exam, retained deciduous teeth, constriction of dental arch, anterior cross bite, and multiple dental caries were observed. In the dental panoramic radiograph, retained deciduous teeth and multiple supernumerary teeth in the maxilla and the mandible were found. In the cephalometric radiograph, open sutures and wormian bones were seen. In the chest P-A view, absence of clavicles was observed. The cleidocranial dysplasia patients have eruption problems in permanent dentition both in regions with and without supernumerary teeth. The severely delayed or arrested eruption of permanent teeth has been ascribed to various factors : 1) The presence of multiple supernumerary teeth, 2) malformed roots with lack of cellular cementum, 3) the jaw bone being too dense, and 4) abnormal resorption of bone and primary teeth. Formation and maturation of primary teeth in cleidocranial dysplasia are normal, whereas the permanent dentition has various ano malies. Therefore, dentists should understand the development of dentition in cleidocranial dysplasia, and treat them in proper time.

지삭의 양단이 단순고정된 화물삭도의 선로해석

신재균,최선호 영남대학교 공업기술연구소 1989 연구보고 Vol.17 No.1

A method of analyzing load-carrying ropeways is suggested in this study. Compared to to the ropeways for passengers whose tension at the one end of the main rope is given, load-carrying ropeways require different treatment because their main ropes are fixed at both ends. This difference makes the problem of analyzing load-carrying ropeways a statically indeterminate one and some iteraive solution technique seems to be inevitable. But, it is shown that this statically indeterminate problem can conceptually be reduced to a problem of solving a nonlinear algebraic equation in this study, and some numerical method such as Newton-Ropshon method can be applied successfully to solve the problem. Also, some example ropeways are analyzed after the proposed solution technique and the results are discussed.

鋼橋梁 下部플랜지 맞대기 鎔接이음부의 鎔入不足에 따른 疲勞擧動에 관한 硏究

신재철,한성호,정인수 충남대학교 산업기술연구소 1999 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.14 No.2

A major defective welding pattern in the steel bridges is identified as the lack of welding area due to the insufficient welding penetration. In this study is fatigue behavior and fatigue life of steel bridge under flange of weld insufficient of butt weld joint. Fatigue behavior and fatigue life test is minor's law and fracture analysis and nowaday, finite element method is used to many times. By considering the welding defect in the above, structural analysis is conducted to evaluate butt weld joint influence due to welding defect on the safety of steel bridges. The results indicate that, due to the insufficient welding penetration, the stress obtained in the analysis is over the allowable fatigue stress level, and its influence on safety of the bridges is significant

나지(裸地)에서 벌개미취 생장에 미치는 재식거리의 영향

신세균,박재호,전종옥,윤태,윤종선 韓國植物ㆍ人間ㆍ環境學會 2001 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.4 No.3

The Primary goal of this research is to verify the usefulness of Aster Koraiensis as a garden plant and to figure out the appropriate planting space which would bring the most effective results in terms of scenery and cost. For these purpose, we gathered the saplings of the wild grown Aster koraiensis in August and maintained them for winter. The following spring, we planted them in flat bare land with 3 different panting spaces of 50 x 50Cm, 40x30Cm, 30x30Cm. 2nd years after planting, we observed and compared the 3 different columns on the status of growth, number and size of leaves and conditions of flowering. The results are as follows : The number of leaves, stalks and roots of individual plants were increased by the wider planting density. But the ratio of leaf area per unit area appeared to be the highest in the 40X30cm sector which showed 366.9%, while the 50x50cm column showed 294.1% and 360.4% in the 30X30cm column. As for the conditions of flowering, such as the size of flowers, the number of petals per blossom and the length of flowerstalks, the best results were observed in the 50x50cm column. On the other hand, the 40x30cm column yielded the largest number of blossoms per unit area. On the basis of these results, we could induce that the 30x30cm column had already passed the peak point for the best scenery within 2 years after planting, while the 50x50cm column had not yet reached the peak point. Naturally, this leads to the conclusion that the 40x40cm planting space could be most effective when we assume the peak period for scenery to be 2nd years after planting. According to our investigation, the blooming period of Aster Koraiensis in the central region of the Korean peninsular lasts about 70 days from 15th June to 25th August. And the peak blooming time is 30 days from 5th July to 5th August. On the basis of these findings, we can reach the final conclusion that Aster Koraiensis has many merits and is useful as ornamental flavor of garden.