Combined Gene Therapy with Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α and Heme Oxygenase-1 for Therapeutic Angiogenesis

Bhang, Suk Ho,Kim, Ju Hee,Yang, Hee Seok,La, Wan-Geun,Lee, Tae-Jin,Kim, Ga Hee,Kim, Hyun Ah,Lee, Minhyung,Kim, Byung-Soo Mary Ann Liebert 2011 Tissue engineering. Part A Vol.17 No.7

<P>Transfection with either hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) or heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) gene can induce neovascularization in ischemic tissues. Although expression of transfected HIF-1α gene occurs rapidly, the expressed HIF-1α protein degrades quickly, limiting its therapeutic efficacy. Meanwhile, expressed HO-1 protein does not rapidly undergo degradation, but gene expression occurs a couple of days after transfection, resulting in apoptosis and a delay in angiogenesis in ischemic tissues at the incipient period of HO-1 gene transfection. We hypothesize that combined delivery of HIF-1α and HO-1 gene will enhance antiapoptosis and neovascularization in ischemic tissue compared with HIF-1α or HO-1 single-gene therapy. To test this hypothesis, ischemic mouse hindlimbs were treated with HIF-1α and/or HO-1 gene therapy. The combined gene therapy proved superior to both single-gene therapies, resulting in rapid expression of HIF-1α gene and long-term maintenance of expressed HO-1 protein. The apoptosis in the ischemic region was significantly less, and angiogenic growth factor secretion and angiogenesis were greater in the combined gene therapy than in either of the single-gene therapies. Our results suggest that a combined gene therapy of HIF-1α and HO-1 enhances the transfection of both genes and improves angiogenesis compared with either single-gene therapy.</P>

그람음성 간균의 수술후 상기도 정착에 관한 연구

석민호,김완식,조양자 한양대학교 의과대학 1987 한양의대 학술지 Vol.7 No.1

Upper respiratory colonization and subsequent postoperative pneumonia caused by gram-negative bacilli are increased in patients undergoing surgical procedure. The present study was to investigate the effect of surgical procedure on postoperative respiratory colonization and subsequent infection caused by gram-negative bacilli. Among patients undergoing various major and minor operations at Hanyang university hospital during the months of November and December of 1985, 50 patients were chosen to evaluate the changes in upper respirtory colonization by gram-negative bacilli and receptivity of buccal epithelial cells to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a common respiratory colonizer and pathogen. Upper respiratory colonization by gram-negative bacilli was significantly increased from preoperative 10% (5/50) to postoperative 29% (13/45). Klebisiella pneumoniae was the most frequent postopertative isolate (4 strains). Viability of buccal epithelial cells was decresed postoperaively (P<0.05). Receptivity of buccal epithelial cell to Pseudomonas aeruginosa was increased postoperatively (P<0.001) in mean numbers of attached bacteria per cell and in numbers of cells with minimal numbers of attached bacteria and these two parameters were extremely correlated (=0.999). Upper respiratory colonization rate of gram-negative bacilli and increase in receptivity of buccal epithelial cells to Pseudomonas aeruginosa was significantly greater in patients whose operation took more than 2 hours than in those whose operation lasted less than 2 hours (P<0.001). Data obtained in the present study suggest that changes in surface binding properties of upper respiratory epithelium may be an important factor in predisposing to postoperative respiratory infection by gram-negative bacilli.

조선시대 감로탱화 풍속장면의 복식 연구

양숙향,이태호,이경화 한국의류산업학회 2003 한국의류산업학회지 Vol.5 No.5

The Gamrotenghwa of the Choson Dynasty is a unique genre of buddhist painting in that the destiny of the dead souls and the guidance to nirvana are expressed in reality. More than 50 of the Gamrotenghwa are known to he present, and the lower part of the paintings includes a wide assortment of folk customary scenes reflecting the social life style of the time when the painting was drawn, such as difficulties in life, public life, punishment and war. Changes in the costume of the people shown on the customary scenes of the Gamrotenghwa according to the time based changes in painting style were investigated in this study. The results are summarized in three points. First, the costumes of bureaucrats showed a tendency of preservation without any major changes in the painting. On the other hand, costumes of public and entertainer in the scenes were very close to those worn by the people at that time. The realistic description of public life in the painting may establish the value of the Gamrotenghwa as the historical documents. Second, the costume of the people in the painting showed a dual structure as the social positions; bureaucrats wore various official hats, large coats and belts to expose their social prestige, while the general public wore simple and convenient clothing which is divided into shirt and pants. The dual structure of the costume in the painting is in well accordance with that of the later period of Choson dynasty, suggesting that the customary scenes in the painting represent the social life style of the period. Finally, the customary scenes in the Gamrotenghwa are very variegated, which shows a variety of beauty of wearing even though they look coarse in a sense. The diversity of wearing beauty in the picture may contribute to the recreation of the beauty of shape in the new design of Hanbok.

韓國學生들의 손잡이 (Handedness)에 대한 調査

朴錫浩,楊秉換 大韓神經精神醫學會 1982 신경정신의학 Vol.21 No.1

It has suggested that handedness is a crude but readily testable aspect of cerebral dominance, i.e. a reflection of the partition of functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, and unilateral cerebral dysfunction may exist in patients with certain forms of psychiatric disorder. The authors surveyed the patterns of the hand preference with the samples of 1,576 healthy Korean students in the primary, middle and high school and university in Kwang-Ju city. This is preliminary study for evaluation of handedness in psvchiatric patients. In this study, Annett's(1970) and Oldfield's(1971) hahd preference questionnaires were used as the instrument for assessing handedness, and categorization of handedness was performed using the criteria established by Lishman and McMeekan.(1976) The results were as follows; 1. It was revealed that 77.9% of all subjects were regarded as strong right handers, 22.2% as mixed handers and 0.2% as strong left handers. 2. There was no significant difference between each group. 3. The ratios of male to female for each hand edness were as follows; the ratio in strong right hander was 71.3% vs. 83.9%, that in mixed hander was 28.5% vs. 16.0%, and that in strong left hander was 0.2% vs. 0.1%. 4. Male students in primary, middle and high school and university showed high preference of left hand in items No.9 (sweeping the floor with straight broom), No. 21 (putting on a shoe) and No.24 (placing an arm in to a coat sleeve.) 5. All subjects showed high preference of both hands in item No. 19 (carrying a book bag).

韓國의 精神分裂症患者와 손잡이(Handedness)에 대한 硏究

朴錫浩,楊秉換,高珍富 서울대학교 의과대학 정신과학교실 1982 精神醫學報 Vol.6 No.8

1930年代 農民小說의 두 樣相 : 「흙」과 「故鄕」을 中心으로

崔正錫,吳養鎬 대구효성가톨릭대학교 1980 연구논문집 Vol.22 No.1

Kainic acid 를 사용한 소뇌피질 단소엽의 손상이 고전적 순막조건화에 미치는 효과

문양호,김기석 한국심리학회 1989 한국심리학회지 생물 및 생리 Vol.1 No.1

본 연구는 소뇌피질 단소엽의 손상이 고전적 순막조건화에 미치는 영향을 검증하기 위한 것이다. 소뇌피질 단소엽이 순막조건화에 필수적인 신경 구조물인가를 확인하고, 또한 순막조건화와 관련된 필수적인 기억흔적이 형성되는 신경가소성이 일어나는 부위인가를 규명하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 토끼를 대상으로 순막조건화를 실시한 후 소뇌피질 단소엽을 파괴하였으며, 이어서 이전에 확립된 조건반응의 파지 및 재학습 여부, 그리고 전이효과를 검사하였다. 소뇌피질 단소엽의 손상은 신경섬유의 역행성 변성으로 인한 문제를 해결하고자 세포체만을 선택적으로 손상시키는 Kainic acid을 미세주입하였다. 실험결과, 소뇌피질 단소엽이 완전히 손상된 집단은 손상전에 확립된 순막 조건반응의 파지 및 재학습이 불가능하였으나 무조건반응은 영향받지 않았다. 한편, 단소엽이 아닌 다른 소엽에 동일한 양의 Kainic acid에 의한 손상을 받은 통제집단은 이전에 확립된 조건반응이 존속되었다. 이와같은 본 연구의 결과는 소뇌피질 단소엽이 순막조건화에 결정적인 신경구조물임을 밝힌 이전의 연구결과들과 일치하며, 조건화 동안에 기억흔적과 관련된 신경가소성이 소뇌피질 단소엽에서 일어난다는 가설을 지지한다. The present experiment purports to examine effects of the cerebellar cortical simple lobule(HVI) on the classical conditioning of rabbit's nictitating membrane responses(NMR). The study examined whether the lobule HVI is an essential structure for NMR conditioning and whether it is the localized site where the critical memory trace related to classical NMR conditioning is formed. Many of the previous studies which explored the function of the lobule HVI in the MNR neural circuit have employed aspiration lesion techniques. But the aspiration may also damage inferior olive, pontine nuclus and deep cerebellar nucleus by retrograde degenerations of neural fibers as well as the simple lobule. In this study, kainic acid was micro-injected into the lobule HVI in order to overcome such porblems because the kainic acid destroys selectively the cell bodies and leave the fibers intact. Subjects were 16 rabbits. All animals were trained using standard procedures for NMR conditioning. The conditioning involves a tone(1㎑, 85㏈ SPL, 350㎳) as the conditioned stimulus(CS) with a coterminating periorbital electric shock(3㎃, 100㎳) delivered at the right eye as the unconditioned stimulus(US). Following the conditioning, the simple lobule of the right side cerebellum was lesioned. After recovery, animals received 5 days training on the right side to test for retention and reacquisition of conditioned responses. Then, animals received an additional session in which training was switched to the left side. Results show that complete lesions of the lobule HVI abolished previously established conditioning and prevented subsequent reacqusition, while unconditioned responses to US were intact. Lesions of the other cerebellar lobules did not impair the conditioning. The results suggested that the simple lobule is an essential part for classical NMR conditioning and that neural plasticity related to memory trace during the conditioning occurs in the simple lobule rather than in the dentate-interpositus nucleus.

果實·菜蔬類의 窒酸鹽 및 亞窒酸鹽含量

金章亮,朴榮浩,千石祚 釜山水産大學校 1984 釜山水産大學 硏究報告 Vol.24 No.1

果實·菜蔬類의 窒酸鹽 및 亞窒酸鹽의 含量을 밝히기 위하여 배추, 양배추, 엇갈이배추, 상치, 시금치, 가지, 오이, 양파, 당근, 파 및 무 등 11종류의 菜蔬類와 사과(紅玉, 골든, 골든델리셔스, 陸奧), 감(富有, 堂上蜂屋), 포도(Tanored, Seibel 9110)등 10종류의 果實類를 食料로 하여 生體의 各部位別로 나누어 그 含量을 調査, 檢討하였는데, 그 結果는 다음과 같다. 1. 배추, 양배추, 엇갈이배추, 상치 및 시금치등의 菜蔬類에 있어서는 全般的으로 葉柄部의 窒酸鹽含量이 다른 部位에 비하여 높은 傾向을 나타내었으며 특히, 시금치의 葉柄部는 2050ppm으로 가장 높은 含量을 나타내었고, 이어, 엇갈이배추, 상치, 배추, 양배추의 順이었다. 2. 가지 및 오이등의 果菜類에 있어서는 果皮部가 果肉部보다 높은 窒酸鹽含量을 나타내었으마, 그 量은 菜蔬類에 비하여 全般的으로 적어서 오이에서는 108ppm, 가지는 169ppm이였다. 3. 양파, 당근, 대파 및 무 등의 根菜類에 있어서는 일반적으로 根部보다는 葉柄部가 있는 上端部의 窒酸鹽含量이 높은 傾向을 나타내었다. 종류별로는 무의 含量이 가장 높아 1101ppm을 나타내었으며, 이어, 당근 대파, 양파의 順이었는데, 특히, 양파의 含量이 적어 16ppm에 지나지 않았다. 4. 菜蔬類의 亞窒酸鹽含量은 全般的으로 낮아 0.1∼3.0ppm였으며, 菜蔬類에 있어서는 葉柄部의 含量이 높은 경향을 보였으나 果菜類 및 根菜類에 있어서는 部位別에 따른 뚜렷한 차이를 찾아볼 수 없었다. 5. 果實類의 窒酸鹽含量에 있어서는 全般的으로 菜蔬類에 비하여 월등히 낮은 含量을 나타내었으며, 果皮部가 果肉部에 비하여, 높은 경향을 보였다. 試料果實中에서는 사과의 含量이 가장 높았으며, 이어, 배, 포도, 감의 순이었고 사과에 있어서는 紅玉, 골든 및 골든델리셔스등은 31∼32ppm으로 비슷한 含量이었으나, 陸奧는 5ppm정도로 월등히 적은 含量을 나타내었다. 6. 果實類의 亞窒酸鹽含量은 全般的으로 극히 낮은 편이었으며, 특히, 배의 경우는 거의 검출되지 않았다. 試料果實中 감의 含量이 가장 높아 紅枾의 경우에 있어서는 窒酸鹽含量과 거의 비슷한 2.4ppm으로 나타났다. It has been known that nitrates and nitrites accelerate not only the corrosion of tinplate, but also the formation of carcinogen. This study was carried out to elucidate the distribution of nitrates and nitrites from the fruits and vegetables by portions. Nitrate contents in the petioles of vegetables were higher than those of other portions. Especially, nitrate content in the petiole of spinach was the highest as 2050 ppm. There were no appreciable differences in the contents of nitrites of the vegetables by portions. Nitrite contents of the vegetables were less than 1.0 ppm except spinach and chininese cabbage for 2.2-3.0 ppm. Nitrate contents in the fruits were generally low in comp arison with those of vegatables. Nitrate contents of fruit skins were more than those of other portions. On the other hand, notrites were not detected in pears.

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors가 Lipopolysaccharide에 의해 유도된 골흡수에 미치는 영향

박양호,차경석 대한치과교정학회 1994 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.24 No.1

To study bone resorption mechanism effect of LPS on the Ca release from fetal rat ulnae and radii, and effects of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors on the LPS-induced bone resorption in organ culture were studied. Ulnae and radii were removed from 19 days old fetal rats, prelabelled by subcutaneous injection of 200 Ci CaCl₂into their mother on the 17th day of gestation. Radioactivities of Ca released into media were determined after 24, 48 and 72 hours. Effects of LPS and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors were observed by the ratio of % release Ca between paired control and experimently group. The observed results were as follows : 1. LPS(1㎍/㎖) supplemented in media for 72hours increased the Ca release significantly after 48 and 72 hours of culture and LPS(10㎍/㎖) increased the Ca release significantly after 72 hours of culture. 2. LPS-induced Ca release was not inhibited significantly by 1mM sulfanilamide but inhibited significantly by 10mM significantly after 48 and 72 hours of culture. 3. LPS-induced Ca release was not inhibited significantly by 0.1mM dichlorphenamide but inhibited significantly by 10mM dichlorphenamide after 48 and 72 hours of culture. 4. LPS-induced Ca release was not inhibited significantly by 1mM acetazolamide but inhibited significantly by 5mM acetazolamide after 72 hours of culture.

대형 화재로 인한 사상자의 손상 유형과 합병증 : 동인천 라이브호프 화재를 중심으로

신중호,김재광,염석란,신종환,민순식,임용수,양혁준,이근,황성연 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.3

Background: High risks of fire alway exist for buildings in urban areas, especially those in downtown. Crowds, as well as more complex and larger structures, may cause more victims in the event of fire; therefore, emergency medical service plans must be established for such disastrous events. Methods: On the evening of October 30,1999, a fire broke out in downtown, Dong-Incheon Live-Hof restaurant; 56 people were killed and 76 were injured. Most of them were teenagers. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of the victims, Results: 1) Among the 56 dead, 54 died from smoke inhalation, one from extensive burns, and one from sepsis during treatment. 2) Among the 76 injured, 70 patients suffered from smoke inhalation, 53 from burns, and 9 from several types of trauma (sprains, contusions, lacerations, abrasions, fractures, etc.). 3) Later complications were laryngeal edema, pulmonary edema, scar contracture, and hypoxic brain damage, and so forth. 4) Post traumatic stress syndrome was unexpectedly more prevalent in mildly to moderately injured survivors and witnesses than in seriously injured survivors. Conclusion: Many complications exist after a fire. Some may be resolved in time, but others may result in permanent sequelae. Early rescue, early triage, and early management during transport by emergency medical service (EMS) personnel can result in fewer complications and a lower mortality rate. Therefore, we propose the establishment of plans to be followed during various major disasters.