Investigation of the April 2000 forest fire damage in Kang-won Province, Korea, using RADARSAT data

Kang, Sung Chul,Seo, Jin Won,Lee, Tae Hee,Park, Sang Eun,Hong, Suk Young,Moon, Wooil M. 대한원격탐사학회 2000 International Symposium on Remote Sensing Vol.16 No.1

The series of forest Fires in Kangwon Province in April, 2000, were one of the mast serious ones in the Kang-won Province in recent years. The fire damaged areas are extensive and this paper investigates the utility of the satellite image data, particularly the RADARSAT SAR data. One of the main objectives of this study included evaluation of potential usefulness of the C-band RADARSAT data in the detection of forest fires in mountainous areas. Among several fire damaged sites, the area near Samchuk (city) was selected as the main study area and mufti-temporal RADARSAT(raw) data were acquired and the processed results were comparatively investigated with the IRS-1c data acquired shortly after the fire. To identify the burnt area from the undamaged background in the optical imagery, supervised classification and NDVI processing were carried out and tested with the IRS-1C data. For this experiment, several sets of raw RADARSAT standard and Fine mode (S4, F3, ascending orbit) data were processed and the final image was formed. In addition to the final image, sigma nought (σ°) was catnputed and compared for the burnt area against the undamaged areas. Because of the steep slopes in the study area and subsequent deviation from the flat surface scattering models, the fire scars in the sigma nought (σ°) image were not apparent. However, fire scars are slightly detected in the difference and ratio images obtained from the signal intensity data acquired at different dates (bath before and after fire). Texture analysis of the image data including the burnt areas were carried out using the Multiplicative Markov Random-Field (MMRF) algorithm. The detection of the fire damaged area from both standard mode and fine mode RADARSAT was not as straightforward as in optical data. However, Previous studies with ERS-1 S_AR and RADARSAT data in Indonesia and in the North American Plains indicate that C-band SAR data provide us with an effective tool for studying the forest fire damages. However, the application of C-band SAR data to the analysis of the forest fire areas requires careful processing of the data with realistic scattering models.

초등학교 과학 수업에서 개념도 활용의 효과

강석진,이유영,고한중,전경문,노태희 한국초등과학교육학회 2004 초등과학교육 Vol.23 No.1

In this study, we investigated the effects of using concept mapping as an instructional tool on 4th graders' achievement, science learning motivation, and attitude toward science classes. T재 classes (38 students) from an elementary school were respectively assigned to a control group and a treatment group. Students were taught about "expansion of matter by heat" and "heat transfer". These topics were chosen because they require students to understand more concepts as well as relationships among them. A science learning motivation test and an attitude toward science classes test were administered as pretests. A researcher-made achievement test, the science learning motivation test, and the attitude toward science classes test were administered as posttests. The results indicated that using concept mapping in 4th-grade science classes was not significantly effective in improving students' achievement though a statistically significant positive effect was found in the subcategory of knowledge. No statistically significant effect of using concept mapping was found in the scores of the science learning motivation test and the attitude toward science classes test. Educational implications are discussed.

생물막여과공정에 의한 고도정수처리시스템 구성에 관한 연구

강용태,양희천,김화석,김경동 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1999 硏究報告 Vol.22 No.2

This study is to evaluate the characteristics of submerged biofilter process as pretreatment of raw water and alternative advanced water treatment system(AAWTS) composed with bioflitration, post-ozonation and GAC for Nakdong River by comparison of existing advanced water treatment system(EAWS), composed with pre-ozonation, flocculation, sedimentation, sand filtration, post-ozonation and GAC. In the biofiltration process, the removal of turbidity, color, KMnO₄consumption, NH₃-N and UV254 reached 98%, 95%, 70%, 72%, 79% respectively. The stable removal efficiency was obtained by the direct biofiltration after coagulant injection thought the influent was a muddy and highly polluted. The removal efficiency of the alternative advanced water treatment(AAWTS) using biofiltration process for turbidity, color, KMnO₄consumption, NH₃-N and UV254 was reached 98.5%, 98%, 82%, 90%, 92% respectively. It is equivalent to the removal efficiency of existing advanced water treatment system(EAWTS) though the demanded area and coagulant of the alternative advanced water treatment system using biofiltration process was decreased about 60% and 70% respectively.

용인정신병원에 내원한 행려정신질환자들의 특성에 관한 조사

강희찬,오석배,이정균 大韓神經精神醫學會 1986 신경정신의학 Vol.25 No.1

This retrospective survey was designed to investigate the socio-demographic and psychiatric characteristics, and to clarify the tentative course of homeless mentally ill patients. One hundred and twelve homeless mentally ill patients who had been admitted to Yong-In Mental Hospital were selected during the period of March 1983 to Feb.1984. The results were as follows: 1)Sex ratio of the 112 subjects was 1: 1.5. Of these subjects, three-fourths were under 40 and 9 percent were above 50 years old. 2)Fifty-three percent had never married and 24percent already had divorced or seperated. Among above 30 of age, 41 percent had never marred ad 45 percent already had divorced or seperated. Seventy-three percent of men were unmarried. The proportion of divorced of women was higher than that of men. 3)Sixty-seven percent of the subjects were schizophrenia, 7 percent affective disorder, 8 percent alcohol dependency or alcoholic psychosis, 6 percent organic brain syndrome, and 9 percent epilepsy and mental retardation respectively. 4)Eighty five percent had more than two year of morbid duration and most of them took chronic course. 5)Fifty percent had history of previous psychiatric hospitalization, and 46 percent had history of asylum institutionalization. Only 23 percent had no history of psychiatric hospitalization or asylum institutionalization. 6)sixty three percent were hospitalized at Yong-In Mental Hospital over six-months. 7)referral sources at admission of Yong-In Mental Hospital were police, asylum and general hospital which 50 percent by police, 44percent asylum and 6 percent from general hospital. Thirty three percent of the 72 discharged patients were discharged by relatives(including family), and 51 percent have been referred to asylum. 8)The authors compared the characteristics, that of age, sex, marital status, clinical diagnosis, morbid duration admission duration and route of discharge between fresh cases who had no history of psychiatric hospitalization or asylum institutionalization. Also the authors compared the characteristics including history of previous psychiatric hospitalization or asylum institutionalization and source of referral between subgroup with relatives and subgroup without relatives.

일 대학 병원 마취 · 회복실 간호사의 간호활동 분석

강윤경,김경미,김연이,박혜옥,서광희,송숙녀,이현숙,조의영 대한간호행정학회 2006 간호행정학회지 Vol.12 No.1

Purpose: This study was aimed to specify roles of nurses from the anesthesia and recovery room by analyzing nursing activities as well as anesthesia nursing during surgery. Method: The objects were 12 RNs working in the recovery room of a university hospital located in Incheon. Self-report was performed by measuring stop-watch for five days from May 17th to May 21st in 2004. Research method was designed to record the time and frequency of the nursing activity from anesthesia and recovery room based on nurses' statement and other references for five days. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and t-test via SPSS Win 10.0 program. Result: Nursing activities in anesthesia recovery room were classified into two different characteristics such as direct and indirect nursing activity. The activities consisted of 11 direct nursing areas and 39 nursing activities in anesthesia preparation room. The indirect nursing was classified into 8 nursing areas and 32 nursing activities. The direct nursing was classified into 12 nursing areas and 55 nursing activity. Also, the indirect nursing was classified into 7 nursing areas and 21 nursing activities in recovery room. In terms of prevalence of nursing activities in the anesthesia preparation room, observation and cooperation of anesthesia was the most prevalent activity, drug and eqipment management the second prevalent, and drug administration the third. On the other hand, in the recovery room, the most prevalent activity was vital sign checking and observation, the second most prevalent activity informative activity, and the third body temperature control. Nursing activity time was recorded according to the nursing characteristics. In the anesthesia preparation room, the direct nursing spent for 8092.20 minutes was larger than the indirect nursing spent for 7198.50 minutes. Also, in the recovery room, the direct nursing spent for 2361.16 minutes was larger than the indirect nursing spent for 1134.13 minutes. 4. Nursing activity time was compared to duty shifts. In the anesthesia preparation room, the direct nursing was more prevalent on day shift and the indirect nursing was prevalent on evening shift. However, in the recovery room, both direct and indirect nursing activities were prevalent on day shift. Conclusion: The role of anesthesia and recovery room nurses was analysed according to the time, frequency, and its characteristics.

우울증 환자에 대한 Amineptine Hydrochloride의 임상 효과

강민희,신석철,왕성근,신윤오 최신의학사 1990 最新醫學 Vol.33 No.7

Pd(O)-촉매를 이용한 알릴 고리 카보네이트의 제거 및 분자간 축합반응 연구

강석구,박동철,박찬희,홍륭기 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1995 論文集 Vol.46 No.1

The alkyl substituted allylic cyclic carbonates 1a-d undergo elimination by using a catalytic amount of Pd(0) complex to form dienols 2 a-b. However, on treatment of the unsubstituted or phenyl substituted allylic cyclic carbonates 1e and 1f with Palladium(0) catalyst, deprotonation-elimination of π-allyl Palladium complex followed by condensation with the other π-allyl Palladium complex provided the coupled products 3a and 3b, respectively.

Tegretol-CR의 抗 躁症 효과에 관한 임상적 연구

강민희,왕성근,신석철 최신의학사 1993 最新醫學 Vol.36 No.7

Culex pipiens pallens의 난황단백질 합성에 관한 연구

강석희,박영민,조정래,문정희 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1987 論文集 Vol.38 No.2

Anautogenous한 모기인 한국산 집모기 Culex pipiens pallens의 난황단백질 합성에 대한 hormone 들의 효과를 조사하였다. 피를 먹지않는 c. pipines 암모기의 head extract를 decapitation한 Aedes atropalpus에게 주사하였을 때 난성숙이 재유발되었으며, 난성숙의 재유발 정도는 우화 후 주사시기가 지연될수록 증가하여 우화 후 24시간에 주사하였을 때 최고에 도달하였다. 피먹은 C. pipiens를 흡혈 즉시 decapitation 또는 abdominal ligation하여도 난성숙이 저지되지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 C. pipiens의 brain hormone은 헙혈 즉시 방축되기 시작하여 난성숙의 시작을 자극하는 것으로 여겨진다. 피를 먹지않은 C. pipiens 암모기에게 β-ecdysone을 주사하거나 또는 head extract 주사 후 JHI을 처리하였을 때 fat body가 합성하는 vitellogenin의 양이 증가하였다. The effect of brain hormone, Juvenile hormone and β-ecdysone on the synthesis of vitellogenin in the anautogenous mosquito, Culex pipiens pallens, has been examined. Head extract from non-blood fed C. pipiens females, when injected into the decapitated Aedes atropalpus females, stimulated egg maturation. The ovarian development in C. pipiens was not completely blocked by decapitation or abdominal ligation performed immediately following a blood feeding. These results suggested that the release of brain hormone in this mosquito may be triggered by a feeding activity. Injection of β-ecdysone or head extract followed by topical application of JH into non-blood fed C. pipiens females stimulated vitellogenin synthesis. These results supported the previous work in Aedes aegypti that brain hormone, JH and ecdysone, in that sequence, are required for the egg maturation.

Aedes aegypti와 Culex pipiens pallens 모기의 난황 단백질 합성에 관한 연구

姜奭熙,卞相胤 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1986 論文集 Vol.37 No.2

Aedes aegypti와 Culex pipiens(모기 : Diptera, Culicidae)의 난황 단백질 합성을 in vitro fat body incubation 방법으로 조사하였다. A. aegypti와 C. pipiens의 난황 단백질 합성은 각각 흡혈 후 6시간부터 시작되어 21시간과 24시간에는 최대치를 나타내고 감소하여 각각 36시간과 45시간에 이르면 합성이 완료되는 것으로 관찰되었다. A. aegypti와 C. pipiens의 in vitro fat body incubation에 의한 ^3H-leucine labeled protein과 ^3H-leucine labeled vitellogenin을 7.5% SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis를 실시하여 분자량과 subunits를 분석한 결과 A. aegypti의 ^3H-vitellogenin은 7개의 subunits로 분리되었고 총 분자량은 545,000으로 추정되었다. 반면에 C. pipiens의 ^3H-vitellogenin은 분자량이 392,000인 단백질로서 8개의 subunits로 분리됨을 관찰하였다. 이상의 결과는 두 종류의 서로 다른 모기에 있어서 난황 단백질 분자의 구조적 조성에 있어 상이함을 지적하고 있다. Vitellogenin synthesis in the mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens, has been examined by incubating fat bodies in vitro. The rate of vitellogenin synthesis in Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens began to rise by 6 hours post blood meal and reached at the maximum level by 21 and 24 hours, which then declined to minimal level by 36 and 45 hours, respectively. The molecular weight of H^3-vitellogenins as determined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was found to be 545,000 and 392,000 daltons for A. aegypti and C. pipiens vitellogenin, respectively. The subunit composition of vitellogenin from A. aegypti was not identical to that from C. pipiens.