Mutation in PMR1, a Ca^2+ -ATPase in Golgi, Confers Salt Tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by Inducing Expression of PMR2, an Na^+ -ATPase in Plasma Membrane

Park, Shi-Young,Seo, Soo Boon,Lee, Soo-Jung,Na, Jong-Gil,Kim, Yung-Jin 부산대학교 유전공학연구소 2001 분자생물학 연구보 Vol.17 No.-

Sodium tolerance in yeast is enhanced by continuous activation of calcineurin, a Ca^2+/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase that is required for modulation of the Na^+ efflux mechanism. We isolated several salt-tolerant mutations with the treatment of ethylmethane sulfonate under high salt stress. One of the mutations was mapped in the PMR1 gene. Pmr1p, the P-type Ca^2+ -ATPase in the Colgi apparatus, regulates a cytosolic Ca^2+ level in various responses. Cytosolic Ca^2+ concentration in the pmr1 mutant is highly maintained, and thus calcineurin is activated continuously. The treatment of FK506, a specific inhibitor of calcineurin, abolishes the salt-tolerant phenotype of the pmr1 mutant. Activates caicineurin induces the expression of PMR2, encoding the P-type Na^+-ATPase, through the specific transcription factor, Tcn1p/Crzlp. Also, experssion of the PMR2::lacZ reporter gene in the pmr1 higher than that in wild type. We propose that the pmr1 mutation confers salt tolerance through continuous activation of calcineurin and that Pmr1p might act as a major Ca^2+-ATPase under high salt stress.

제7차 교육과정의 고등학교 과학교과서 중 생물영역 내용 분석

나문경,정길남,이경희,조운복 부산대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 2003 科學敎育硏究報 Vol.30 No.-

The following was e analysis result of high school textbook(biology) m e seventh curriculum. 1. It followed closely fundamental notions ; deleted nutrition, health, heredity and organized metabolism. 2. The total page of a life unit in each science textbook was like the followings. Textbook A was 23%, textbook B 21%, textbook C 21%, textbook D 23%, textbook E 19%, textbook F 22% and textbook G 22%, respectively. The introduction part in related to the subject of the unit could variously carry out direct and experienced studies, providing cartoons, pictures, photos and questions which caused interesting and motives. 3. In terms of the level among textbook contents, the order was like an tissue and organ(38.1%), cell(26%), individual(12%), molecular biosphere(10.9%), molecule(1.6%), large group(1.0%), and the level was to need basic comprehension about the cell, and molecule, tissue and organ of life in biosphere. Comparing the whole textbooks, the subject dealed with science as research, while it didn't deal with evolution and genetic permanence. Because each textbook set up various research study to perform ingenuity and self-initiative study, reducing class hours as deleting heredity unit in the seventh curriculum. The percentage of the subject of each textbook was the order like G, D, F, A, C, B and E. Comparing to the each subject, it was the order like science as research(31.8%), structure function(22.7%), regulation and homeostasis(18.9%), life and environment(11%), variety and unity, the biological basis of behavior, the history of life notion, genetic permanence, evolution. 4. The following was the times and proportion of research activity. It writed down D(13/20%), C·G(11/17%), A(10/15%), B·F(8/12%), E(4/6%) in metabolism and A·D(11/18%), C·G(10/17%), F(9/15%), E(5/8%), B(4/9%) in stimulus & reaction in order. In terms of the unit, it was the order like D(13/20%), C·G(11/17%), A(10/15%), B·F(8/12%), E(4/6%) in metabolism, A·D(11/18%), C·G(10/17%), F(9/15%), E(5/8%), B(4/7%) in stimulus and counteraction, and C(11/24%), F(9/20%), D·G(7/15%), A·B·E(4/9%) in generation. As it supplied various realizable scientific research-activity in the classroom or laboratory, students studied scientific conception, principal with direct, and concreted experiences and operations. Also, they were understood the materials by reading and thinking the unable activity. 5. As the pictures and photos showed the cartoons in relation to subject and study materials and specific aims, it could motive the student's interest and study. The pictures related to daily life, and it introduce fully the original picture about the human body and sense organ in the generation. And the cartoons and pictures express easily to understand and interesting. Comparing to the total percentage, It is the order like D(118/17%), B·G(114/16%), F(95/14%), C(94/14%), E(83/12%), A(78/11%). But in terms of the each unit of the total textbook, 277% in stimulus and counteraction, 209% in metabolism, there wasn't differences. 6. Further & supplementation courses enabled the students to study science with self-initiative, creative through e discussion method to understand the materials-to get easily, table-not to handle in the main text, picture. And as it also supplied the direct & experimental materials, the students could get the opportunities to close the science. 제7차 교육과정에 의해 개정된 고등학교 과학 교과서(생물영역)의 내용을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 생명 단원에서 영양과 건강, 유전을 삭제하고 물질대사를 신설하여 기본 개념 학습에 충실하였다. 2. 과학 교과서별 생명 단원의 총면수는 A교과서가 68면으로 23%, B교과서가 76면 21%, C교과서가 66면 21%, D교과서는 72면으로 23%, E교과서는 69면으로 19%, F교과서는 66면인 22%, G교과서는 72면인 22%로 설정되었으며, 도입부에서는 단원의 주제와 관련하여 실생활 소재나 재미있는 관련 삽화, 사진과 함께 그림을 제시하여 학습 흥미와 동기 유발을 일으킬 수 있는 질문 등을 사용한 점과 다양한 탐구활동을 설정하여 직접적이고 경험적인 활동을 바탕으로 학습을 다양하게 실행할 수 있도록 하였다. 3. 교과서의 내용 중 수준을 분석한 결과 생물권내에서 생물의 세포, 분자 나아가 조직과 기관의 기본적인 이해를 요하는 수준으로 조직과 기관(38.1%), 세포(26%), 개체(12%), 분자·생물권(10.9%), 분자(1.6%), 군집(1.0%)순이었다. 주제로는 전체 교과서를 비교해 봤을 때 탐구로서의 과학을 주로 다루었으며, 진화나 유전적 연속성은 거의 다루지 않았는데, 7차 교육과정에서 유전단원을 삭제하여 시수를 축소하여, 실생활과 관련한 자기 주도적이고 창의적인 학습을 위해 다양한 탐구학습이 주로 설정되었기 때문이다. 교과서별 전체 주제를 다룬 비율을 살펴보면 G, D, F, A, C, B, E순으로 나타났다. 주제별로 비교하면, 탐구로서의 과학(31.8%), 구조화 기능(22.7%), 조절과 항상성(18.9%), 생물과 환경(11%), 다양성과 단일성, 행동의 생물학적 기초, 생물개념의 역사, 유전적 연속성, 진화 순이었다. 4. 탐구활동 첫수 및 비율을 비교해 보면 C(19%), D(18%), G(16%), A(15%), F(15%), B(9%), E(8%)순서로 되어 있다. 단원별로 살펴보면 물질대사에서는 D(13/20%), C·G(11/17%), A(10/15%), B·F(8/12%), E(4/6%)로, 자극과 반응에서는 A·D(11/18%), C·G(10/17%) F(9/15%), E(5/8%), B(4/7%)순서로 실려 있었으며, 생식 단원은 C(11/24%), F(9/20%) D·G(7/15%), A·B·E(4/9%)로 되어 있는데, 교실이나 과학실에서 실현 가능한 다양한 유형의 탐구 활동을 제시하여 직접적이고 구체적인 경험과 조작을 바탕으로 과학 개념과 원리를 학습할 수 있도록 하였고, 실제로 해보기 어려운 활동들은 제시된 자료를 직접 읽거나 보고 생각할 수 있도록 다양하게 수록, 이해하도록 하였으며 과학과 관련된 다양한 읽을거리와 상식들을 제공하여 과학을 가깝고 쉽게 느끼고 접할 주 있도록 하였다. 5. 단원의 성격이나 학습 내용에 부합하는 사진, 그림, 삽화를 제시하고 또한 주제와 관련된 만화를 제시하여 학생들의 흥미를 높이고 학습동기 유발을 강화하였는데, 사진은 일상생활과 관련되고, 자극과 반응, 생식단원에서는 인체나 감각기 등 실물사진을 상세히 소개하였으며 그림이나 삽화(만화포함)는 재미있고 이해하기 아주 쉽게 표현하였다. 총계적 비율로 비교해보면 D(118/17%), B·G(114/16%), F(95/14%), C(94/14%), E(83/12%), A(78/11%)순이었으며, 전체 교과서의 단원별로는 자극과 반응이 277(%), 생식210(%), 물질대사209(%)순으로 차이가 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. 6. 심화, 보충학습은 단원별로 쉽게 해볼 수 있는 실험이나 주변에서 손쉽게 구할 수 있는 재료들, 상식적으로 알아두어야 할 내용들의 자료제시, 본문에서 미처 다루지 못한 부분의 자료제시, 표나 그림을 이해하여 정리, 토의하도록 하는 방법들을 통해 과학학습이 자기 주도적, 창의적으로 연계될 수 있도록 하였다.

녹용에서 당 함유 물질의 분리 및 분석

한나영,전길자 이화여자대학교 생명과학연구소 1992 생명과학연구논문집 Vol.3 No.-

녹용의 생리활성 물질을 연구하기 위하여 당이 함유된 부분의 성분을 Folch-Suzuki분배방법,Sephadex G-50 chromatography, DEAE-Sephadex A-25 chromatography, High Performance Liquid Chromatograpy (HPLC)로 분리 정제하고 FAB-MS를 이용하여 구조를 분석하였다. 각 단계에서 당지질을 확인하는 방법으로 High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography(HPTLC)를 수행하였다. Chloroform-methanol-0.88% KCI수용액을 사용하여 분배된 수용액층을 Sephadex G-50 column에서 분리하였을 때, void volume에서 대부분의 당지질이 용출되는 것으로 보아 micelle을 형성하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. Sephadex G-50 column에서 용출되는 당지질을 DEAE-Sephadex A-25 chromatography결과 band 1(녹용에 존재하는 당지질중 주요성분)을 포함하는 대부분의 당지질이 농도 기울기를 걸기 전에서 용출되었다. 따라서 band1을 중성 당지질로 예측할 수 있었다. Band 1을 HPLC로 분석한 결과 4개의 peak로 분리되었다. 그 중 가장 많은 양으로 존재하며(48.5%), 3.17분 대에서 용출되는 부분만을 모아 negative-ion FAB-MS로 분석한 결과 이미지 물질은 분자량이 1058이고, 98-240-240-240-240Ehsms 98-98-142-98-142-98 -124-98-142의 분자구조를 가지는 것으로 확인할 수 있었다. The major component of glycolipids in antler was investigated by Folch-Suzuki partition method, Sephadex G-50 chromatography, DEAE-Sephadex A-25 chromatography, High Performance Liquid Chromatograpy HPLC, and FAB-MS. Glycolipids, extracted in aqueous phase by chloroform-methanol-0.88% KCI aqueous solution, were analyzed on Sephadex G-50 column and most glycolipids containing band1 were eluted in void volume because of the formation of micelles. The major fractions pooled from Sephadex G-50 column were eluted before gradient elution on DEAE-Sephadex A-25 column due to neutral property. Band 1 extracted from HPTLC plate was injected on HPLC column(μ-Bondapak NH_2 column)and four peaks were separated. The fractions containing major peak(3.17 min,48.5%)werepooled and analyzed by negative-ion FAB-MS. As the result, it has been identified that molecular weight of major component is 1058 and structural fragments is 98-98-142-98-142-98-142-98-142 or 98-240-240-240-240.

매실박, 당근박, 감귤박 급여가 산란계 난황의 Vitamin E, K 함량에 미치는 영향

최승현,나재천,권오상,박상미,이봉덕,안길환 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2008 농업과학연구 Vol.35 No.2

This experiment is a quantitative experiment where insoluble Vitamins E and K are extracted from the yolk of the spawning which was fed by by-products of tangerine, carrot, or Japanese apricot. Finally the purpose is to raise contents of the insoluble Vitamins E and K inside the yolk of the spawning. The saponification method through α, α - dipyridyl was used to determine the content of Vitamin E. Diethyl dithiocarbamate assay was used to examine the content of Vitamin K. The contents of Vitamin E in egg yolks of chicken fed by by-products of tangerine, carrot, or Japanese apricot increased 2 - 3 times compared to control egg, while the contents of Vitamin K almost no changed. 본 실험에서는 감귤, 매실, 당근의 껍데기로 감귤박, 매실박, 당근박을 먹여 산란계의 난황에 들어있는 Vitamin E와 K 함량을 높이고자 했다. Vitamin E 추출방법에는 검화방법인 α, α -dipyridyl에 의한 비색정량법을 사용하였으며 전처리 과정 중 석유 ether를 가하여 층을 분리하는 과정과 증류수를 가하여 층을 분리하는 과정에 있어서 신중을 가하였고 신속한 시료 전처리과정이 요구되었다. Vitamin K 추출에는 Diethyl dithiocarbamate에 의한 방법이 사용되었다. 실험결과 일반난황에서의 Vitamin E 함량보다 실험난황에서의 Vitamin E 함량이 2배 이상 높아졌음을 알 수 있었던 반면 Vitamin K의 함량은소량 증가하여 큰 변화가 없었다. 위의 결과를 통해서 난황에 이전된 Vitamin E의 종류가 무엇이며 어떠한 형태의 Vitamin E가 이전이 많이 되었는지를 확인하는 실험이 필요할 것이다. 이러한 추가적인 실험이 이루어졌을 때 상업적으로 이용한 가치가 있는 가를 고려하여야 할 것이다.

혈액투석 환자에게서 발생한 재생불량성 빈혈 1예

정지용,윤나라,강대웅,오종찬,장재현,선길홍,박경희,정종훈,김현리 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2005 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.30 No.1

Aplastic anemia is a disease characterized by pancytopenia in the peripheral blood and hypocellular bone marrow with the fatty infiltration. The causes of the acquired aplastic anemia were usually related to drugs and immune-related diseases. A 34-years old man was admitted due to general weakness. He has been going hemodialysis for 2 years because of end stage renal disease (ESRD) due to chronic glomerulonephritis. At admission, laboratory tests showed hemoglobin 6.2 g/dL, hematocrit 18.0 %, WBC 5,710mm (neutrophil 71.8%, lymphocyte 19.1%, monocyte 5.9%), reticulocyte 1.9%, platelet 93,000/mm, Fe 12.8 ug/dL, TIBC 204 ug/dL, ferritin 941.47 ng /ml, haptoglobin 0.72 g/L, vitamin B12 508.17 pmol/L, folate 24 ng/mL, total protein 6.54 g/dL, albumin 3.76 g/dL, Alk. pohsphatase 79 IU/L, AST 30.0 IU/L, ALT 39.7 IU/L, total bilirubin 0.57 mg/dl, BUN 79.4 mg/dl and creatinine 10.18 mg/dl. Peripheral blood smear showed the normocytic normochromic anemia with anisocytosis. Anemia was diagnosed but it was irresponsive to the recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO) and blood transfusion. In the bone marrow aspiration smear were there the hypoplastic myeloid and erythroid precursors. The bone marrow biopsy section showed the hypoplasia of all components (10-20%) and the fatty infiltration. We have experienced one case of the idiopathic aplastic anemia in a patient going through hemodialysis and we just report it with documentary records. 저자들은 혈액 투석 중인 환자에서 약물, 면역계 이상등의 원인을 발견할 수 없었음에도 재생 불량성 빈혈이 발생한 1예를 경험하여 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

Android 기반의 PC 원격 제어기

박귀상;이나경;조혜민;양길웅;박세명 인제대학교 2012 仁濟論叢 Vol.27 No.1

One of the most attracting and interesting point of the application of the smart phone, particularly such as Android based smart phone, is not only providing additional useful functions to the user but also its easy and wide availability through the connection of the other types of devices. In this paper, we proposed and implemented Android application for the Remote PC control. In this paper, we used UDP network communication for sending data to the server and controlled the packet transmission rate to minimize the packet loss. And we used Spy++ tools and PostMessage function to controll outer device. We show that application based on the Android is very useful method for achieving and supporting the harmonized function between various independent devices

Rhus verniciflua Stokes attenuates cholestatic liver cirrhosis-induced interstitial fibrosis via Smad3 down-regulation and Smad7 up-regulation

Mi Na Gil,Du Ri Choi,Kwang Sik Yu,Ji Heun Jeong,Dong Ho Bak,Do Kyung Kim,Nam Seob Lee,Je Hun Lee,Young Gil Jeong,Chun Soo Na,Dae Seung Na,Ki Hyun Ryu,Seung Yun Han 대한해부학회 2016 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.49 No.3

Cholestatic liver cirrhosis (CLC) eventually proceeds to end-stage liver failure by mediating overwhelming deposition of collagen, which is produced by activated interstitial myofibroblasts. Although the beneficial effects of Rhus verniciflua Stokes (RVS) on various diseases are well-known, its therapeutic effect and possible underlying mechanism on interstitial fibrosis associated with CLC are not elucidated. This study was designed to assess the protective effects of RVS and its possible underlying mechanisms in rat models of CLC established by bile duct ligation (BDL). We demonstrated that BDL markedly elevated the serological parameters such as aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin, all of which were significantly attenuated by the daily uptake of RVS (2 mg/kg/day) for 28 days (14 days before and after operation) via intragastric route. We observed that BDL drastically induced the deterioration of liver histoarchitecture and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), both of which were significantly attenuated by RVS. In addition, we revealed that RVS inhibited BDL-induced proliferation and activation of interstitial myofibroblasts, a highly suggestive cell type for ECM production, as shown by immunohistochemical and semi-quantitative detection of a-smooth muscle actin and vimentin. Finally, we demonstrated that the anti-fibrotic effect of RVS was associated with the inactivation of Smad3, the key downstream target of a major fibrogenic cytokine, i.e., transforming growth factor b (TGF-b). Simultaneously, we also found that RVS reciprocally increased the expression of Smad7, a negative regulatory protein of the TGF-b/Smad3 pathway. Taken together, these results suggested that RVS has a therapeutic effect on CLC, and these effects are, at least partly, due to the inhibition of liver fibrosis by the downregulation of Smad3 and upregulation of Smad7.

The YDR1/BUR6 Heterodimeric Complex is a Transcriptional Repressor in Yeast

Na, Jong Gil,Yoo, Hyun Sook,Oh, Sung Chul 한국유전학회 1997 Genes & Genomics Vol.19 No.4

The human heterodimeric Dr1/DRAP1 is a general transcription repressor extensively studied in vitro. The two proteins repress transcription by binding TATA-binding protein (TBP), inhibiting the formation of transcription preinitiation complex. Recently the counterparts of the human Dr1 and DRAP1 were identified and named YDR1 and BUR6, respectively, in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The YDR1 gene is essential for cell viability. BUR6 is also essential for cell viability. The human Dr1 gene can replace the YDR1 gene in vivo. YDR1 overexpression in vivo confers slow growth phenotype. The YDR1 and BUR6 can be copurified in a gel filtration column, using affinity-purified polyclonal antibody against both yDr1 and Bur6 polypeptides. The gel mobility shift assay showed that Ydr1 and Bur6 repress in vitro transcription and this repression of basal transcription can be overcome by TBP, a global regulator. These results indicate that YDR1/BUR6 functions as a global repressor of transcription in vivo and directly targets TBP. We are currently mutagenizing YDR1 and BUR6 to study sturcuture-function of the two genes.

The synthetic chalcone derivative 2-hydroxy-3′,5,5′-trimethoxychalcone induces unfolded protein response-mediated apoptosis in A549 lung cancer cells

Gil, Ha-Na,Koh, Dongsoo,Lim, Yoongho,Lee, Young Han,Shin, Soon Young Elsevier 2018 Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters Vol.28 No.17

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The synthetic chalcone derivative 2-hydroxy-3′,5,5′-trimenthoxyochalcone (named DK-139) exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor invasion properties. However, effects of DK-139 on tumor cell growth remain unknown. In the present study, we evaluated the inhibitory activity of DK-139 against human lung cancer cells. Treatment with DK-139 inhibited clonogenicity in various lung cancers and stimulated the caspase cascade, leading to the apoptosis of A549 lung cancer cells. To investigate the mode of action of DK-139-induced apoptosis, we analyzed the effect of DK-139 on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. DK-139 increased expression of ER stress sensors, including p-PERK, GRP78/BiP, and IRE1α. IRE1α-regulated XBP-1 mRNA splicing and PERK-induced ATF4 expression was also upregulated following DK-139 treatment. In addition, expression levels of the pro-apoptotic transcription factor CHOP and its downstream target Bim, which is involved in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, were increased by DK-139 treatment. These results suggest that DK-139 triggers caspase-mediated apoptosis via the ER stress-activated unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway. We propose that the synthetic chalcone derivative DK-139 may be used as a potential agent for the prevention and/or treatment of human lung cancer.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> DK-139 is a synthetic trimethoxychalcone derivative. </LI> <LI> DK-139 inhibits lung cancer cell growth. </LI> <LI> DK-139 activates caspase cascade. </LI> <LI> DK-139 triggers ER stress-induced apoptosis. </LI> <LI> DK-139 may be used as an antitumoral agent. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Improved Sensing Behaviors in Reduced Graphene Oxide Functionalized with Ni(OH)₂ Nanoparticles

Na, Han Gil,Kwon, Yong Jung,Cho, Hong Yeon,Kang, Sung Yong,Jung, Taek Kyun,Lee, Hyo-Soo,Kim, Hyoun Woo American Scientific Publishers 2015 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.15 No.11

<P>In this paper, we detail improvements in the sensing properties of reduced graphene oxide (AGO), which were achieved through functionalization. The functionalization process utilizes graphene oxide suspensions, generating nanoparticles on the AGO surface mainly comprised of Ni(OH)(2) phase. Raman spectra indicate that functionalization increases the degree of disorder in RGOs. NO2 gas sensing tests reveal an approximate increase of 154% in the sensor response of the RGOs after functionalization. Possible mechanisms for improving sensing responses via functionalization are discussed. The enhancement is due to the spillover effect, to the increase of the sensor surface by the catalytic particles, to the reduction of AGO conduction volume through the generation of depletion region, and to the resistance modulation of the heterojunctions.</P>