불안정 지지면을 이용한 운동 프로그램이 뇌졸중 환자의 균형에 미치는 효과

이지연,김용수,김진섭,박진현,최윤희,전덕훈,김경 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2010 再活科學硏究 Vol.28 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 뇌졸중 환자의 재활을 위하여 불안정 지지면을 이용한 운동 프로그램이 균형 능력과 운동 기능 능력에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 실시하였다. 불안정 지지면의 이용한 치료는 임상적으로 뇌졸중으로 인한 편마비 환자뿐만 아니라 스포츠 손상 및 노인들의 질환 등 다양한 병인을 가진 환자들의 치료에 이용되고 있다. 대부분의 뇌졸중 환자들은 재활 훈련을 할 수 있는 병원이나 기관에서 치료를 받을 때에 지지면의 차이를 제공함으로써 보다 더 안정한 지지면에서 적응할 수 있는 방법이 요구되고 있다. 하지만, 아직도 불안정 지지면을 이용한 구체화된 치료적 운동 방법과 객관적 평가에 대한 연구가 미비한 실정이다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 최근 뇌졸중 환자의 불안정 지지면과 이론적 근거를 바탕으로 한 운동 프로그램에 대한 연구가 더욱 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 실험군과 대조군이 같은 운동 프로그램을 적용하였을 때, 두 그룹 간에서 나타나는 균형 향상과 운동 기능 향상에 어떠한 효과를 주는지 살펴보고자 하였다. The purpose of this article was to study the effect of the exercise programme that uses the unstable supporting surface to rehabilitate cerebrovascular patients on balance ability and exercise function ability. The therapy is being clinically used for the patients with diverse pathological factors such as hemiplegia caused by CVA, sports injury, and diseases in the elderly. when most patients with CVA are treated in the hospital or institute that can provide rehabilitation training, they need to be given the way to adjust more stable surpporting surface by being provide with various stages of surface. However, the actual therapeutic exercises is still needed and the study for objective assessments wants conducting. To solve these problems, the study of unstable surface exercise programmes based on the evidences recently need to be made for the patients with CVA. in this study, we intend to look into what effects on the balance improvement and the exercise function are different from the experimental group to the control group with the same programme applied to the two groups.

압력용기 구조물 용접부에서 잔류응력이 피로균열진전거동에 미치는 영향

이연신,차용훈,김덕중,성백섭 朝鮮大學校 機械技術硏究所 1999 機械技術硏究 Vol.2 No.2

This paper is to investigated the influence of welding residual stresses on the fatigue crack growth behaviors in the vertical direction to the weld bead. So, Co₂Automatic welding was performed on the ASTM A5l6 grade 60 Steel. For skip and continuous fillet welding, the specimens of fatigue cracks are initiated at toe end and beginning of welded specimen. The fatigue life of continue fillet welding is greater then that of skip fillet welding. The fatigue lief of as welded specimen is longer than that of PWHT specimen because the compression residual stress are greater than the other zone, which are near the welding toe notch of welded specimen. For skip and continuous fillet welding, da/dN-ΔK relations show retardation at HAZ and increase linearly at the stable growth region.

ESPI法을 利用한 點 熔接部의 面內變位 測定에 關한 硏究

차용훈,김덕중,이연신,채경수,성백섭 조선대학교 생산기술연구소 1997 生産技術硏究 Vol.19 No.1

Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry(ESPI) using the Model 95 Ar laser, a video system and an Image processor was applied to the in-plane displacement measurements. Unlike traditional strain gauges or Moire method, ESPI method requires no special surface preparation or attachments and can be measured in-plane displacement with no contact and real time. In this experiment specimen was loaded in parallel with a loadcell. The specimen was the cold rolled steel sheet of 2mm thickness. which was attached strain gauges. The study provides an example of how ESPI have been used to measure strain displacement in this specimen. The results measured by ESPI compare with the data which was measured by strain gauge method in tensile testing.

인장-전단하중을 받는 점 용접재의 변형률 분포 특성 평가

차용훈,김덕중,이연신,성백섭 한국공작기계학회 1999 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.8 No.6

In order to evaluate strength of spot welded joint, at first it is importent that we should know strain distribution near nugget zone. During loading, in HAZ, compressive strain increase with Increase of load, but in nugget zone, tensile strain increase. During unloading, on the other hand, even though the load decreases, the strain variation is not almost appeared in nugget zone and HAZ. In nugget boundary zone, the strain range increases continuously along with load increase on outer surface, but the strain increases continuously and decreases rapidly beyond yield strength on inner surface. In this paper, strain distribution are measured in inner and outer surface with variation of thickness and load under tensile-shear load. Tensile-shear strength increased as with increase of specimen thickness. As for thickness increase rates are 25%, 50%, 100%, and 150%, tensile-shear strength increase rates are 40%, 81%, 130% and 228%.

신경회로망을 이용한 용접잔류응력 예측에 관한 연구

차용훈,김일수,김하식,이연신,김덕중,성백섭,서준열 韓國工作機械學會 2000 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.9 No.6

In order to achieve effective prediction of residual stresses, the series experiment were carried out and the residual stress-es were measured using the backpropagation algorithm from the neural network and the sectional method. Using the experimental results, the optiomal control algorithms using a neural network should be developed in order to reduce the effect of the external disturbances on residual stresses during GMA welding processes. The results obtained from the comparison between the measured and calculated results, showed that the neural network based on backpropagation algorithm can be used in order to control weld quality. This system can not only help to under-stand the interaction between the process parameters and residual stress, but also, improve the quantity control for welded structures. The development of the system is goal in this study.

신경회로망을 이용한 용접잔류응력 예측 및 최적의 용접조건 선정에 관한 연구

차용훈,김하식,이연신,김덕중,성백섭 朝鮮大學校 機械技術硏究所 2000 機械技術硏究 Vol.3 No.1

The objective of the study is the development of the system for effective prediction of residual stresses using the back propagation algorithm from the neural network. The achieve of this goal, the series experiment were carried out and measured the residual stresses using sectional method. Using the experimental results, the optional control algorithms using a neural network should be developed in order to reduce than the effect of the external distribution during GMA welding processes. Also, comparison with the measured and the calculated results from the FEM(finite element method) and verification of the developed system was carried out. This system can not only help to understand the interaction between the process parameters and residual stress, but also, improve the quantity control for welded structures. Then the results obtained from this study are as follows. Through comparison between the measured and calculated results, the neural network based on back propagation algorithm is the best techniques to predict the process parameter. A new techniques which predict the process parameter such as welding voltage, arc current, welding speed using the training the raw dates, will be proposed.

복합레진 수복 시 재접착 술식이 미세누출에 미치는 영향

이미애,서덕규,손호현,조병훈 大韓齒科保存學會 2010 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.35 No.3

복합레진 수복시, 일반적으로 연마, 산부식, 수세 및 건조 단계를 거쳐 저점도 레진을 적용하는 재접착 술식을 통해 예상되는 수축간극을 봉쇄한다. 그러나, 이 과정은 재접착제 적용 이전에 물이나 잔사가 간극을 매워버릴 수 있어 그 효과가 의심된다. 본 실험에서는 연마 단계 이전, 즉 복합레진을 중합한 직후에 재접착제를 도포한다면 변연누출을 더 줄일 수 있을 것이라는 가설을 검증하고자 하였다. 실험을 위해 35개의 발거한 대구치에서 협면과 설면에 교합면 변연은 법랑질에, 치은측 변연은 상아질에 위치하는 5급 와동을 형성하였다. 와동은 Z250 (3M ESPE, USA)로 충전하였고, 접착제로는 AdperTM Single Bond 2(3M ESPE)을 사용하였다. 재접착제로는 Biscover LV (Bisco, USA) 레진 전색제와 ScotchBond Multi-purpose system(3M ESPE)의 접착제, 및 점도가 낮은 실험용 접착제를 연마 전 또는 일련의 연마 및 산부식 후 수복물의 변연에 적용하였다. 2% 메틸렌 블루 용액에 네 시간 동안 침적한 뒤 교합측 및 치은측 변연에서의 색소 침투 깊이를 광학 입체 현미경으로 측정하였다. 재접착제의 점도와 변연미세누출의 상관관계도 평가하였다. 재접착 술식, 재접착제, 및 변연의 위치, 그 각각에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 관찰할 수 없었다. 그러나, 재접착 술식을 시행하지 않은 대조군의 경우에는 세 가지 재접착제를 사용한 재접착군에 비해 치은측 변연에서 미세누출이 통계적으로 유의하게 크게 나타났다(p < 0.05). 대조군과 재접착군의 미세누출의 차이는 교합측 변연에서는 관찰되지 않았다. 연마 및 산부식 후 치은변연에 재접착제를 적용한 경우에서 약한 음의 상관관계(r = -0.326, p = 0.041)를 보인 경우를 제외하고는, 재접착제의 점도와 미세누출은 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. During a composite resin restoration, an anticipating contraction gap is usually tried to seal with low-viscosity resin after successive polishing, etching, rinsing and drying steps, which as a whole is called rebonding procedure. However, the gap might already have been filled with water or debris before applying the sealing resin. We hypothesized that microleakage would decrease if the rebonding agent was applied before the polishing step, i.e., immediately after curing composite resin. On the buccal and lingual surfaces of 35 extracted human molar teeth, class V cavities were prepared withthe occlusal margin in enamel and the gingival margin in dentin. They were restored with a hybrid composite resin Z250 (3M ESPE, USA) using an adhesive AdperTM Single Bond 2 (3M ESPE). As rebonding agents, BisCover LV (Bisco, USA), ScotchBond Multi-Purpose adhesive (3M ESPE) and an experimental adhesive were applied on the restoration margins before polishing step or after successive polishing and etching steps. The infiltration depth of 2% methylene blue into the margin was measured using an optical stereomicroscope. The correlation between viscosity of rebonding agents and mciroleakage was also evaluated. There were no statistically significant differences in the microleakage within the rebonding procedures, within the rebonding agents, and within the margins. However, when the restorations were not rebonded, the microleakage at gingival margin was significantly higher than those groups rebonded with 3 agents (p < 0.05). The difference was not observed at the occlusal margin. No significant correlation was found between viscosity of rebonding agents and microleakage, except very weak correlation in case of rebonding after polishing and etching at gingival margin (r = -0.326, p = 0.041).

용접판재의 피로강도에 미치는 잔류응력 평가

차용훈,김덕중,이연신,채경수,성백섭,박회식 조선대학교 동력자원연구소 1997 動力資源硏究所誌 Vol.19 No.1

The objective of this thesis is to investigate the influence of the initial residual stress on the fatigue crack growth after the distribution of the initial residual stress is measured when the crack is growing from the compressive residual stress to the tensile residual stress field. In the case of as welded material, respective of load ratio, the span of the fatigue is the shortest in base metal, while in weld metal and HAZ, the crack growth was retarded due to the effect of the compressive residual stress at the crack tip as well as the span of the crack is longer than base metal. In region II that is in stable growth state of the fatigue crack, da/dN=C(ΔK)^m of power law was satisfied. Also, it was considered that the value of m is not affected by residual stress. Superimposing welding residual stress intensity factor K_res on ΔK, the value of ΔK_eff calculated was lower than ΔK in the same value of da/dN, while the ΔK_eff is almost the same at the high ΔK.

PV 전류에 의한 계통연계형 태양광발전시스템의 최대출력 추적제어에 관한 연구

박인덕,성낙규,이승환,이훈구,한경희 명지대학교 대학원 1999 대학원논문집 Vol.3 No.-

A step down chopper and PWM current source inverter is used for the connection between the PV array and the utility. This paper proposes chopper is controlled for the de reactor decrease and PWM current source inverter is controlled to keep the output power at the maximum point for the PV. The PV current only is measured and employed for the power calculation combining the control parameter of the PWM current source inverter.

소아의 혈관내 응고증후군

박용훈,김홍배,강덕식,이상범 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1982 慶北醫大誌 Vol.23 No.2

We have reviewed 11 cases of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) admitted to the Pediatric department of Kyungpook National University Hospital from January 1981 to July 1982. Age distribution showed 4 cases below, year of age including 2 neonatal cases, 2 between 1 to 5 years of age, 2 between 6 to 10 years of age and 3 between 11 to 15 years of age. Three of these 11 cases are male and the rest 8 female. DIC developed within the first 5 admission day in 7 cases, from the 6th to the 10th day in one and after the 10th in three. Factors predisposing to DIC included infection (11 cases) which were usually systemic, shock, recent surgery and malignancy. Diagnostic coagulation studies included low platelet count below 100,000/cumm (all 11 cases), prolonged PT (10 cases) and PTT (all 11 cases). All patients had abnormal hemorrhage and the majority being petechiae on the skin (8 cases) followed by oozing from the injection site (6 cases), melena (4 cases), epistaxis (3 cases), bleeding from the oral cavity (3 cases), intracranial hemorrhage (1 case) and hematuria (1 case). Local ischemic manifestations probablly due to the thrombus formation were respiratory distress (9 cases), mental disturbance (9 cases), diarrhea (8 cases), abdominal pain (7 cases) and acrocyanosis (3 cases). Shock due to systemic circulatory disturbance was also seen in 5 cases. Treatment included transfusion of fresh whole blood and Vitamin K admimistration in all cases, plalelet transfusion in 6 cases, Corticosteroid administration in 4 cases and none received Heparin. Only 3 cases showed improvement and the rest discharged hopelessly and/or died. key words: Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation.