Nearest Neighbor Classifier를 이용한 한글 문자 인식에서의 피쳐 추출에 관한 연구

김대영,박인규,진성일,손현 경북대학교 산업기술연구소 1990 産業技術硏究誌 Vol.18 No.-

In this paper we studid feature extraction meathod concerning the recognition of printed Korean characters. Our meathod extract feature sets of the characters directly from the input device(scanner) and can enhance processing time for character recognition without using preprocesses such as size normalization, and thinning. And during the recognition process we also enhance the recognition rate of features by considering the noise component and using composite feature. Simulations concerning the recognition rate comparision for some features was carried out by using Nearest Neighbor Classifier. We used total of 2088 character image set (for training-1044, testing-1044) in the simulation.

普照禪과 圓佛敎 禪의 比較 硏究 : <圓佛敎 禪 思想을 中心으로> -Centering on the Zen Thought of Won Buddhism-

金大鉉 圓光大學校 1980 論文集 Vol.14 No.1

This thesis is an attempt of brief surveying about thought of Bo-Jo Zen and Zen thouqht of Won Buddhism Compared. It is said that the present society is in a period of loss of the self and a period of estrangement caused by losing subjecthood because of machine civilization and materi-alistic comnipotence. As the course for restoring the spirit and selfness which is gardually tarnishing, recently in both East and West people are interested in the Zen practice to make clear and unify their minds. For the maintenance of order in this present corrupt world and the stability of hu-man spirit, it is thought that Zen practice is quite necessary for the people to train their minds and obtain their freedom. It is customary that traditional Zen is practised generally in the deep mountains remoted from the community or sat quietly in the specially provided Zen room secluded himself from society. But this method and concept of Zen practice which one should choose the place to practise makes people easily forget the very essence of the Zen thought. Needless to say, in order to attain the training phase of Zen practice after grasping essence of Zen itsetf, it is possible for one to train one in any place in the present life, but in the past, it is true that there is no adequate way to practise meditation in the ordinary life. So-Tae-San, the founder of Won Buddhism, presented the way which practice med-itation continually, and practice meditation every-where, thus clarifying the method of Zen practice to the public that one can train oneself through practice meditation continually and everywhere making ones living. Suffice it to say that the Zen of Won Buddhism is said to be characterized by the instruction of the founder of Won Buddhism himself. Several features to characterize the Zen of Won Buddhism is observed;it does not admit Kan-Hwa Meditation(着話禪)and Muk-Jo Meditation(點照禪), but try to stabilize mind and body through Tan0Jun-Joo Meditation(丹田佳). While practising meditation, one does not raise one's head, but when one becomes one's mind clear after finishing sitting-type meditation, one raises one's head and try to solve the questions involved. In the course of practice, when one, is obsessed by delusions, one should try to restore the true state of harmo-nious tranquility. During the practice of this meditation, one does not practise only sitting-type medi-tation, but does it according to the situation. As one of the eleven courses of regular training, it is of course required to do sitting type meditation, but is prohibited only to practise sitting-type meditation. It is true that one practise meditation enlightened with the reason of meditation, but does not attain the Zen of patriarch(祖師禪)through the Zen of Riqhteousness(義理禪)and the Zen of Tathagata(如來禪). One should attain the way to reach the zen of patriarch equipped one's mind with Jin-Kong(眞空)and Myo-yu(妙有)throuqh the Zen of Riqhteousness, then one advances towards the standards in abreast with the Threefold Trainings(三學)-cultivation of spiritual stability, study of Facts and principles, and Selection of Right Conduct and Abandonment of the Wr-ong. One is required emphatically to practise meditation continually. To teach the method of Zen practice leading to do meditation continually based on sitting-type me-ditation is one of its characteristics. The present society can be said to be a period of reversed sense of values and period of restoration of lost humanity. Accordingly, to realize the righteous society and secure the subjecthood of human being, it is considered that it has one of the great meaning that orient as well as occident pay their attention to Zen practice as the method of tracing after the impartiality of the original nature of mankind and getting together each other. The original meaning of Zen practice is to search for the true nature of humanity and then to utilize it for practical or actual life, but in the past, it is confined to the certain place, namely, provided Zen room and devoted chiefly to Kan-Hwa Medi-tation and Muk-Jo Meditation, Therefore, it is true that the Zen practice of the past has been attained to Jeong(=Tranquility, 定) and Hae(=Wisdom, 慧), yet has not been utilized for the actual life and has not been popularized as well. As has been mentioned previously, the Zen of Won Buddhism, which is practice of the meditation continually makes the most of sittingtype meditation on the one hand, whereas a new Zen practice is presented to utilize in the actual life of the present soc-iety by eliminating injustice and stabilizing one's mind regardless whether one is in any place or in any time. The writer believes firmly that the Zen practice of Won Buddhism, as one of the Zen thought required to the present society, will become one of the very core of the impetus to increase the welfare of the human society and will contribute greatly to the happiness of mankind as well.

만성 심부전환자의 혈액에서 측정한 Tumor necrosis factor-α 및 Interleukin-6의 임상적 의의

김명구,김성구,박상호,한대희,강진환,변정득,심규혁,최병조,방덕원,온영근,현민수,권영주 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.2

Background and objectives: Many conditions are responsible for the pathophysiology and progressive mechanisms of congestive heart failure. More recently, it has also become evidence that another class of biologycally activated molecules generically reffered to as cytokine these are also over expressed in congestive heart failure. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to measure concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6(IL-6) in mild to severe symptoms of heart failure and compare their values with those found in normal control and analysed correlation relationship between cytokine level, clinical findings and hemodynamic indicies. Subjects and Methodology: Levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were measured on pulmonary artery during cardiac catheterization in heart failure patients(n=32) and normal subjects(n=8) as well as physical examination and echocardiogram. Cytokines assay were performed on plasma using commercially available ELISA(Enazyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) kits. Results: Although the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 tend to increase in congestive heart failure group, the cytokines level was not made significantly statistical difference between congestive heart failure group and controls. When analyzing the correlation between the levels of PCWP(pulmonary capillary wedge pressure) and cytokines(TNF-α, IL-6), respectively, there were statistically significant correlation coefficient 0.32,(p<0.05), 0.39(p<0.01). The cytokine IL-6 and pressure of pulmonary artery were significant correlation.(correlation coefficient 0.36, p<0.02) More significantly, there was correlated with TNF-α and IL-6.(correlation coefficient 0.57, p<0.001) Conclusions: There was tended toward high concentration of TNF-α & IL-6 in congestive heart failure and significant difference for PCWP between TNF-α & IL-6, thus may be correlated with development and progression in congestive heart failure.

치과 진료소에서 분리된 Staphylococci로부터의 chromosomal DNA 추출 방법

류대현,김성수,한승희 원광대학교치과대학학생회 1995 원광대학교치과대학학생학술지 Vol.2 No.1

치과 진료소에서 분리된 Staphylococci로부터의 chromosomal DNA 추출 방법

류대현,김성수,한승희 圓光大學校 齒科大學 學生會 1995 學生學術誌 Vol.2 No.1

허혈성 심질환에서 염증지표에 관한 연구

번정득,권영주,박상호,한대희,이상철,강진환,김명구,심규혁,최병조,온영근,현민수,김성구 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.2

Background : Atherosclerosis is the chief underlying cause of ischemic heart disease and there is increasing evidence that inflammation is an important determinant of the development of atherosclerosis. We assessed the levels of inflammatory markers in patients with ischemic heart disease and normal group who has normal coronary angiograms. Materials and Methods : Coronary angiography was performed in 142 patients. 107 patients of ischemic heart disease(stable angina pectoris 58, unstable angina pectoris 30, Acute myocardial infarction 19) and 38 normal control subjects. We assessed the level of inflammatory markers, such as CRP, ESR, fibrinogen and leukocyte. Results : CRP, ESR and fibrinogen values of the patients with stable angina pectoris and unstable angina pectoris were higher than that of normal control group, but there were no statistical significance. Leukocyte value of the patients with unstable angina pectoris(9003.3±701.5/mm^(3)) was significantly higher than that of the patients with stable angina pectoris(6685.5±245.8/mm^(3)) and normal control subjects(6394.3±235.1/mm^(3)). CRP, ESR and fibrinogen values of the patients with acute myocardial infarction were also higher than that of normal control subjects. CRP was 3.88±2.05 mg/dL in acute mocardial infarction group, and 0.29±0.15 mg/dL in normal control subject group(p<0.05). Fibrinogen was 541.6±45.1 mg/dL in acute myocardial infarction group, 321.4±25.6 mg/dL in normal control subject group(p<0.05). Leukocyte was 10942.1±737.6/mm^(3) in acute myocardial infarction group, 6394.3±235.1/mm^(3) in normal control subject group(p<0.05). Conclusions : This study demonstrate that CRP, fibrinogen and leukocyte values of acute myocardial infarction group were significantly higher than that of control group and stable, unstable argina pectoris group. Leucokyte values were significantly elevated in unstable angina group, but CRP values were not in unstable angina group.

관상동맥질환 환자에서 스텐트 시술 후 재협착에 관한 연구

강진환,권영주,박상호,한대희,이상철,김명구,변정득,최병조,심규혁,온영근,현민수,김성구 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.2

Background and aims : In the coronary artery disease, a rate of restenosis was much decreased by placement of coronary stent than when percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty has been applied, but there are still important clinical problems of restenosis. There has been many progressive studies about various factors contributed to this restenosis. So, we studied a relation between restenosis after placement of coronary stent in the coronary artery disease and many clinical factors, characteristics of stenotic lesion and procedural factors, and also assessed the restenosis rate of various coronary stents. Methods : Total 58 lesions(46 cases of patients ; man 30, woman 16) were evaluated, which has been performed a follow-up coronary angiography after 6 months (mean 188 days) since coronary stent had been placed. Various stents were implanted and assessed a relation between restenosis and many factors. Results : Of 58 lesions were target stenotic studies, there were 22 of restenotic lesions(37.9%), and the restenosis rate wes statistically significant difference in the relation with diabetes mellitus(p<0.05), group of acute myocardial infarction(p<0.05) among clinical diagnosis of ischemic heart disease(stable angina, unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction) in clinical factors and with high dilation pressure of stent(p<0.05) in procedural factors. When the rate of restenosis was evaluated among implanted stents, it was lowest in the Multilink^(®) stent and highest in the Nir Royal^(®) stent(60%). Conclusion : In this study of restenosis and various factors after placement of stents in the coronary artety disease, factors such as diabetes mellitus, group of acute myocardial infarction and a dilation pressure of stent were significant related with restenosis and the restenosis rate of Multilink^(®) stent was lowest and the highest restenosis rate was of Nir Royal^(®) stent.

The Characteristics of IZTO Thin Films Prepared by FTS with a Hetero-Target at Various Substrate Temperatures

Kim, Dae Hyun,Choi, Hyung Wook,Park, Sang Joon,Yoon, Hyon Hee,Kim, Kyung Hwan Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2010 Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Vol.532 No.1

고식적 생리적, 예측, 변형 임상 및 약식 션트 공식들에의해 계산된 션트값의 상호비교

김대현,김종성,박재현,김성덕,함병문,김광우,김정수 대한마취과학회 1997 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.32 No.4

Background: There are many factors such as diffusion abnormality, V/Q mismatch, intrapulmonary shunt, alveolar hypoventilation and FIO2 in reducing arterial hypoxemia. Intrapulmonary shunting can be due to blood going from the right to the left side of the heart without respiring with alveolar gas(true shunt mechanism) or blood that respires but achieves a PaO2 less than the ideal (shunt effect mechanism). Understanding the portion of true shunt in patients with hypoxemia is very important indicator to analyze the effects of oxygen therapy. Several equations are used for calculation of physiologic shunt. The aim of this study was to calculate and compare shunts derived from four shunt equations; classic physiologic, estimated, modified clinical and simple equations. Method: After cardiovascular stability following open heart surgery, 40 patients were mechanically ventilated with an FIO2=1.0. Arterial and mixed blood gases were measured. We calculated and compared shunts by classic physiologic [S/T=(CcO2 CaO2)/(CcO2 CO2)], estimated [S/T=(CcO2 CaO2)/ (3.5 CcO2 CO2)], modified clinical [S/T= AaDO2 0.0031/(AaDO2 0.0031 CcO2 CaO2)], and simple equations [S/T=AaDO2/20]/ Results: Shunts by classic physiologic, estimated, and modified clinical shunt equation were 26.9 8.5%, 25.1 7.1%, and 26.3 8.2%, respectively and did not differ one another significantly. Shunts by simple shunt equations was 18.8 6.2% and significantly lower than those by other 3 equations(P$lt;0.05). Conclusions: It is reasonable to conclude that in post-open heart patients with stable cardiovascular function and mechanically ventilated with an FIO2=1.0, classic physiologic, estimated, and modified clinical shunt equations show a reliable reflection of the physiologic shunt. But simple equation (AaDO2/20) might be used as a simple estimate. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1997; 32: 567∼573)

Physicochemical properties of CWJ-a-5, a New Antitumar 3-Arylisoquinoline Derivative

Kim, Ki-Eun,Cho, Won-Jea,Kim, Tae-Sung,Kang, Boo-Hyon,Chang, Sun-Jae,Lee, Chi-Ho,Kim, Dae-Duk 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 2002 약품개발연구지 Vol.11 No.-

The compound CWJ-a-5 [l-(4-methypiperazinlyl)-3-phenylisoquinoline hydrochloridw] is a novel 3-arylisoquinoline derivative which has exhibited potent antitumor activity. As part of an effort to develop a useful formulation for clinical evaluation of this compound, the aqueous stability of CWJ-a-5 as a function of pH, ionic strength, and temperature, as well as various physicochemical properties, have been examined. The pK_a value obtained by potentiometric titration in methanol-water mixtures was 3.61, at 25℃. The aqueous solubility and the apparent partition coefficient of CWJ-a-5 over the pH range 2.08-9.88 were consistent with those expected of a weak acid of similar pK_a value. The degradation of CWJ-a-5 was found to follow apparent first-order kinetics. The pH-rate profiles generated at 80℃ were accounted for by acid-catalyzed degradation at low pH and base-catalyzed degradation at high pH. The activation energy was determined as 22.12 ㎉/㏖ for the degradation of CWJ-a-5 in a pH2.92 solution with a constant ionic strength of 0.2. Increasing the ionic strength up to 0.9 led to a higher degradation rate constant at pH 2.92. However, CWJ-a-5 was very stable even in a pH 2.92 solution, and its shelf-life was calculated to be 2.03 years at 25℃ from the Arrhenius plot.